4 research outputs found

    Fiscal capacity of the city: the assessment of the influence on the sustainability of urban environment and the quality of living (the case of Β«secondΒ» cities of the Russian Federation)

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    The modern financial situation demonstrates tough asymmetry in financial development between the territorial units, which are the capital cities, and the Β«secondΒ» cities of constituent units of the Russian Federation. This is based upon chronic deficit of inner financial sources for covering the budget expenditure items of the latter ones. The instruments of municipal units’ fiscal capacity level equalization, which are being implemented by the national government, lead to adverse effects. These effects of national fiscal practice include the resource dependence on the upper level and lack of interest of the Β«vice-capitals’» local authorities to broaden the inner income base, disbalance between economic, social, natural-resource components of urban environment’s sustainable development and the fall of the residents’ quality of living. In this connection, the effectiveness research of the current managerial mechanism of fiscal capacity of the Β«secondΒ» cities of constituent units of the Russian Federation in the context of the sustainable development concept is extremely important. The results of the survey on the packaged approach to economical and statistical assessment of the fiscal capacity level as a defining factor of sustainable development of the urban environment and the residents’ quality of living in Β«vice-capitalsΒ» of constituent units of the Russian Federation (the case of Magnitogorsk and Nizhniy Tagil) are presented in this article. Having used the packaged approach, the authors have brought to light the interconnection between the level of the Β«secondΒ» cities’ fiscal capacity and indicator values of ecological and socio-economic well-being of the analysed area. Additionally, they have revealed the character and direction of this connection as well as assessed the competence of management of the financial opportunities generation and usage by means of determining the indicator values of the areas’ fiscal capacity as of the current date and comparing them with optimum values

    Анализ состояния Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΊΠ° ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ крСдитования Π² Π£Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Π΅

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    Received December 7, 2019; accepted March 05, 2020.Π”Π°Ρ‚Π° поступлСния 7 дСкабря 2019 Π³.; Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π° принятия ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ 5 ΠΌΠ°Ρ€Ρ‚Π° 2020 Π³.The relevance of this study stems from the fact that it analyzes the current situation on the mortgage market in Russia: the influence of macro-economic factors causes a fall in collateral value, dramatic increase in mortgage default and poor performance of the Agency for Housing Mortgage Lending (AHML). The study is aimed at investigating the current state of residential mortgage lending on the regional level in Russia by focusing on the case of the Ural Federal District. The study considers the interests of all the participants of this market: individual borrowers, state authorities, financial and credit institutions engaged in mortgage lending. The study analyzes statistical data on the primary residential mortgage market in the Ural Federal District provided by the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, Federal State Statistics Service and the AHML. Modern approaches to mortgage system evaluation are compared in order to identify and systematize the key criteria and statistical indicators characterizing the current state of this form of lending relationships. The analysis also brings to light the negative trends in mortgage lending in the Ural Federal District. As a part of our further research, we are going to develop a procedure for evaluating the performance of a mortgage system.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΡΡ‚Π°Ρ‚ΡŒΠΈ обусловлСна Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌ, Ρ‡Ρ‚ΠΎ макроэкономичСская ситуация послСдних Π»Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Π»Π° самоС ΡΠ΅Ρ€ΡŒΠ΅Π·Π½ΠΎΠ΅ влияниС Π½Π° Π±Ρ‹ΡΡ‚Ρ€ΠΎΡ€Π°Π·Π²ΠΈΠ²Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΡƒΡŽΡΡ систСму ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ крСдитования Π² Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, ΠΎΠ±Π½Π°ΠΆΠΈΠ² Ρ†Π΅Π»Ρ‹ΠΉ комплСкс ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ±Π»Π΅ΠΌ – ΠΏΠ°Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΈΠ΅ стоимости Π·Π°Π»ΠΎΠ³Π°, Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΊΠΈΠΉ рост просрочСнной задолТСнности ΠΏΠΎ Π²Ρ‹Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΊΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π°ΠΌ, низкая ΡΡ„Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‹ АгСнтства ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. ЦСль исслСдования – ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·ΠΈΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π°Ρ‚ΡŒ состояниС ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ крСдитования Π² Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ€Π΅ Π£Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Π°, учитывая интСрСс всСх участников: насСлСния, государства ΠΈ финансово-ΠΊΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… институтов, ΠΈΠΌΠ΅ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΡ… Π² распоряТСнии Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ свободныС Π΄Π΅Π½Π΅ΠΆΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ срСдства ΠΈ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΎΡΡ‚Π°Π²Π»ΡΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΈΡ… Π²ΠΎ Π²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ΅ пользованиС. ИсслСдованиС базируСтся Π½Π° аналитичСском ΠΎΠ±Π·ΠΎΡ€Π΅ статистичСской ΠΈΠ½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰Π΅ΠΉ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΈΡ‡Π½Ρ‹ΠΉ Ρ€Ρ‹Π½ΠΎΠΊ ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ крСдитования Π² Π£Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠΌ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Π΅. Π˜Π½Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΎΠ½Π½ΠΎ-ΡΠΌΠΏΠΈΡ€ΠΈΡ‡Π΅ΡΠΊΡƒΡŽ Π±Π°Π·Ρƒ исслСдования составили статистичСскиС ΠΌΠ°Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ°Π»Ρ‹ Π¦Π΅Π½Ρ‚Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±Π°Π½ΠΊΠ° Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΉ слуТбы государствСнной статистики, ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΎΡ‚Ρ‡Π΅Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ АгСнтства ΠΏΠΎ ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΈ ΠΆΠΈΠ»ΠΈΡ‰Π½ΠΎΠΌΡƒ ΠΊΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½ΠΈΡŽ. По ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΠ³Π°ΠΌ ΡΡ€Π°Π²Π½ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° многообразия ΠΏΠΎΠ΄Ρ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² ΠΊ ΠΎΡ†Π΅Π½ΠΊΠ΅ эффСктивности функционирования систСмы ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ крСдитования ΠΎΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π΅Π»Π΅Π½Ρ‹ ΠΈ систСматизированы ΠΎΡΠ½ΠΎΠ²ΠΎΠΏΠΎΠ»Π°Π³Π°ΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ ΠΊΡ€ΠΈΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ статистичСскиС ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ°Π·Π°Ρ‚Π΅Π»ΠΈ, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΡƒΡŽΡ‰ΠΈΠ΅ качСство Π΄Π°Π½Π½ΠΎΠΉ Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΡ‹ ΠΊΡ€Π΅Π΄ΠΈΡ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΡ‚Π½ΠΎΡˆΠ΅Π½ΠΈΠΉ; выявлСны Π½Π΅Π³Π°Ρ‚ΠΈΠ²Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ, Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€Π½Ρ‹Π΅ для систСмы ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ крСдитования Π£Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΡΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Π°. Π’ Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠΊΠ°Ρ… дальнСйшСго исслСдования Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΏΡ€Π΅Π΄Π»ΠΎΠΆΠ΅Π½ Π°Π»Π³ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΌ функционирования систСмы ΠΈΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Ρ‡Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ крСдитования

    Π‘ΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСскиС послСдствия ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²Ρ‹Ρ… Π΄Π²ΡƒΡ… Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ для российских Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ²

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    Received June 24, 2021; accepted August 27, 2021.Π”Π°Ρ‚Π° поступлСния 24 июня 2021 Π³.; Π΄Π°Ρ‚Π° принятия ΠΊ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ‡Π°Ρ‚ΠΈ 27 августа 2021 Π³.Relevance. The spread of the coronavirus infection and the ensuing economic restrictions significantly influenced the main parameters of the socio-economic development of Russia and its territories, affecting the growth rate, production structure, territorial differentiation and competitiveness of Russian regions. Purpose of the study. The key goal of the study was to identify the socio-economic changes in the development of the country and its regions during the pandemic. Data and Methods. The analysis relies on open data on the socio-economic development of Russian regions for 2019–2021 (monthly, quarterly and annual periods), posted on the official website of Rosstat. Methodologically, the study is based on the comparative analysis of the data for the federal districts and their regions. Results. The study describes the main trends in the development of industry, trade, paid services, and investment potential and in the dynamics of unemployment and income in federal districts and regions. The first wave hit Russian regions the hardest due to the rigorous restrictions. Although no sharp recession was detected during the second wave, the stagnation in the key sectors persisted. The third wave is expected to have the same impact as the second. Conclusions. After the second wave subsided, there was a revival of economic activity in the spring of 2021. However, this has not turned into a steady trend yet. The coronavirus pandemic affected the competitiveness of regions. The importance of certain factors (including those related to resource potential) decreased during the pandemic, while the role of the competitive position of regions in the distribution of federal budget transfers increased.ΠΠΊΡ‚ΡƒΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ. РаспространСниС коронавирусной ΠΈΠ½Ρ„Π΅ΠΊΡ†ΠΈΠΈ ΠΈ послСдовавшиС экономичСскиС ограничСния сущСствСнно повлияли Π½Π° основныС ΠΏΠ°Ρ€Π°ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚Ρ€Ρ‹ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичного развития ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ России Π² Ρ†Π΅Π»ΠΎΠΌ, Ρ‚Π°ΠΊ ΠΈ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠΉ, Π·Π°Ρ‚Ρ€ΠΎΠ½ΡƒΠ² Ρ‚Π΅ΠΌΠΏΡ‹ роста, структуру производства, Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΡƒΡŽ Π΄ΠΈΡ„Ρ„Π΅Ρ€Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ ΠΈ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² России. ЦСль исслСдования. ΠšΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²ΠΎΠΉ Ρ†Π΅Π»ΡŒΡŽ ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ исслСдования являлось выявлСниС особСнностСй Π΄Π΅Ρ„ΠΎΡ€ΠΌΠ°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСского развития страны ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Π² условиях ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ. Π”Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. Для Π°Π½Π°Π»ΠΈΠ·Π° ΠΈΡΠΏΠΎΠ»ΡŒΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Ρ‹ ΠΎΡ‚ΠΊΡ€Ρ‹Ρ‚Ρ‹Π΅ Π΄Π°Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠΎ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎ-экономичСскому развития Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² России Π·Π° 2019–2021 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹ (помСсячныС, ΠΊΠ²Π°Ρ€Ρ‚Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΈ Π³ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ²Ρ‹Π΅ ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€ΠΈΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹), Ρ€Π°Π·ΠΌΠ΅Ρ‰Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹Π΅ Π½Π° ΠΎΡ„ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠΌ сайтС Росстата. Автором ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠ²Π΅Π΄Π΅Π½ΠΎ кросс-Ρ‚Π΅Ρ€Ρ€ΠΈΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ΅ сравнСниС ΠΏΠΎ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹ΠΌ ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³Π°ΠΌ Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. Π Π΅Π·ΡƒΠ»ΡŒΡ‚Π°Ρ‚Ρ‹. ВыявлСны основныС Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ развития ΠΏΡ€ΠΎΠΌΡ‹ΡˆΠ»Π΅Π½Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΠΈ, Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€Π³ΠΎΠ²Π»ΠΈ, ΠΏΠ»Π°Ρ‚Π½Ρ‹Ρ… услуг, инвСстиционного ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»Π°, ΠΎΡ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ΠΈΠ·ΠΎΠ²Π°Π½Π° Π΄ΠΈΠ½Π°ΠΌΠΈΠΊΠ° уровня Π±Π΅Π·Ρ€Π°Π±ΠΎΡ‚ΠΈΡ†Ρ‹ ΠΈ Π΄ΠΎΡ…ΠΎΠ΄ΠΎΠ² насСлСния Π² Ρ€Π°Π·Ρ€Π΅Π·Π΅ Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… ΠΎΠΊΡ€ΡƒΠ³ΠΎΠ² ΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² Российской Π€Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. НаиболСС Π±ΠΎΠ»Π΅Π·Π½Π΅Π½Π½Ρ‹ΠΌ для экономичСского ΠΈ ΡΠΎΡ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ развития оказалось влияниС ΠΏΠ΅Ρ€Π²ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹ ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ, ΠΊΠΎΠ³Π΄Π° дСйствовали ΠΌΠ°ΠΊΡΠΈΠΌΠ°Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Π΅ ограничСния для ΡΡƒΠ±ΡŠΠ΅ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΠ² экономики. Вторая Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Π°, Π½Π΅ Π²Ρ‹Π·Π²Π°Π² Ρ€Π΅Π·ΠΊΠΎΠ³ΠΎ спада, Π·Π°ΠΊΡ€Π΅ΠΏΠΈΠ»Π° ΡΡ‚Π°Π³Π½Π°Ρ†ΠΈΡŽ Π² ΠΊΠ»ΡŽΡ‡Π΅Π²Ρ‹Ρ… сСкторах экономики, Ρ‚Ρ€Π΅Ρ‚ΡŒΡ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Π°, ΠΊΠ°ΠΊ оТидаСтся, Π±ΡƒΠ΄Π΅Ρ‚ ΠΈΠΌΠ΅Ρ‚ΡŒ схоТСС воздСйствиС. Π’Ρ‹Π²ΠΎΠ΄Ρ‹. ОТивлСниС экономичСской активности вСсной 2021 Π³ΠΎΠ΄Π°, Π½Π° спадС Π²Ρ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠΉ Π²ΠΎΠ»Π½Ρ‹, ΠΏΠΎΠΊΠ° Π½Π΅ ΠΏΡ€ΠΈΠΎΠ±Ρ€Π΅Π»ΠΎ Ρ…Π°Ρ€Π°ΠΊΡ‚Π΅Ρ€ устойчивой Ρ‚Π΅Π½Π΄Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠΈ. ПандСмия коронавируса повлияла Π½Π° ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚ΠΎΡΠΏΠΎΡΠΎΠ±Π½ΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ², Π·Π½Π°Ρ‡ΠΈΠΌΠΎΡΡ‚ΡŒ ΠΎΡ‚Π΄Π΅Π»ΡŒΠ½Ρ‹Ρ… Ρ„Π°ΠΊΡ‚ΠΎΡ€ΠΎΠ² конкурСнтоспособности (Π² Ρ‚ΠΎΠΌ числС связанных с рСсурсным ΠΏΠΎΡ‚Π΅Π½Ρ†ΠΈΠ°Π»ΠΎΠΌ) Π²ΠΎ врСмя ΠΏΠ°Π½Π΄Π΅ΠΌΠΈΠΈ снизилась, ΠΎΠ΄Π½ΠΎΠ²Ρ€Π΅ΠΌΠ΅Π½Π½ΠΎ ΡƒΡΠΈΠ»ΠΈΠ»Π°ΡΡŒ Ρ€ΠΎΠ»ΡŒ ΠΊΠΎΠ½ΠΊΡƒΡ€Π΅Π½Ρ‚Π½ΠΎΠΉ ΠΏΠΎΠ·ΠΈΡ†ΠΈΠΈ Ρ€Π΅Π³ΠΈΠΎΠ½ΠΎΠ² ΠΏΡ€ΠΈ распрСдСлСнии трансфСртов Ρ„Π΅Π΄Π΅Ρ€Π°Π»ΡŒΠ½ΠΎΠ³ΠΎ Π±ΡŽΠ΄ΠΆΠ΅Ρ‚Π°
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