Microleakage comparision in class V Cavities using different glass ionomer cements: An in-vitro study

Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the microleakage of Conventional  Glass Ionomer Cement(CGIC),Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC)and Nano-Filled Resin Modified Glass Ionomer Cement (RMGIC). Materials and Methods: forty five sound extracted human molar teeth were selected. Teeth were randomly divided into three groups of 15 teeth each and restored as follows: Group 1-CGIC; Group 2-RMGIC; and Group 3-Nano-filled RMGIC. Datas were analyzed using Kruskal-Wallis and Wilcoxon tests. Results: There was no statistically significant differences in dye leakage between the three restorative materials for occlusal margins (P = 0.465).At the gingival margins, Group 3 showed significantly less microleakage than Groups 1 (P = 0.008) and 2 (P = 0.041). The degree of microleakage in the gingival margins of each group was higher than that found in occlusal margins. Conclusions: No material was able to completely eradicate microleakage at enamel, dentin, or cementum margin. Nano-filled RMGIC show significantly less microleakage as compared to other two cements at gingival margins

Impact of laser disinfection and passive ultrasonic irrigation on postoperative pain in single visit root canal therapy

Introduction: Postoperative endodontic pain is common. 3 to 58% of patients had post-op pain. Canal microbes are tough to eliminate. No irrigant meets all the perfect irrigant characteristics. Methods: In Kanpur, India, 46 participants were enrolled in this randomised clinical trial from January to June 2022. Department of Conservative Dentistry and Endodontics conducted the study. Local anaesthetic (1:2,000 lignocaine with adrenaline) was followed by rubber dam isolation and access cavity preparation. Teeth were cleaned and shaped. Patients were divided into two groups using a coin flip. Group A employed a 2 W 810 nm diode laser for laser disinfection. In Group B, sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) was ultrasonically agitated. After a final treatment with saline, composite resin was used for obturation and post-endodontic restoration. A blinded assessor rated post-endodontic treatment after 6 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, and 7 days. SPSS 20.0 was used to gather and analyse the data after utilising Pearson's Chi-square test with 5% significance. Results: 25 men and 19 women among 44 patients. 10 patients were 40-60, 28 were 30-40, and 12 were 18-29. No statistically significant difference was seen between PUI and laser disinfection in single visit root canal therapy (p=0.086).&nbsp

Comparative evaluation of root filling after obturation with gutta-percha and 3 different sealers of minimally instrumented root canals of the maxillary second molar

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the superiority of root fillings made with three different sealers after minimal instrumentation of maxillary Second Molar root canals utilising a modified single-cone method. The specimens were separated into three groups and filled with a size-fit gutta-percha master cone and Sealmax-R (MAARC), Ah Plus (Dentsply), and MTA Plus (PrevestDenpro) sealers. Before and after instrumentation, post-Gentle Wave, and after obturation, micro–computed tomographic images were collected. Starting at the top of the root, the mesiobuccal roots of the selected teeth were sectioned in 0.5-mm intervals. Light microscope was used to examine the cross sections. Results: In all three groups, was filled to 90%–99% of the canal space. Sealmax-R and Ah Plus groups used more filler material on average than MTA Plus group (P <.05). Apical, middle, and coronal thirds showed no significant differences. Cross-sectional scans indicated no obvious gaps in the Sealmax-R groups. After instrumentation, hard tissue debris was discovered in the root canal system in 49 of the 189 canal thirds (25.9%). After Gentle Wave cleaning, only 4 of 63 canals (6.3%) and 4 of 189 canal thirds (2.1%) contained debris

Comparative evaluation of the fracture resistance of three different recent composite systems in large class II MOD cavities: An in vitro study

Background: For severely mutilated teeth, this research evaluated the most contemporary restorative material. Aim: Repair of Class II MOD cavities in premolars with Ever X posterior in the recent past, Beautifil restorative, and the Universal TetricEevoCream composite systems will be evaluated and compared in this research. “Materials and Methods:” Sixty human maxillary premolars were chosen for the study. As a check, we utilised a group of fifteen healthy teeth (Group 1). The remaining 45 teeth were fitted with MOD cavities of standardised dimensions and randomly assigned to one of three groups (Groups 2, 3, and 4) (n = 15). They used Beautifil restoratives for teeth in Group 2, GC Ever X posterior for teeth in Group 3, Universal Tetric EvoCream for teeth in Group 4. Newtons were used to measure the strength of a material (N). Results: Group 4 exhibited the greatest mean fracture resistance of the four groups, followed by Groups 3, 1, and 2 and finally Group 4. Conclusion: It was found that the Universal Tetric EvoCream composite had the greatest fracture resistance among the test groups. There was a substantial statistical difference between all of the groups. &nbsp

Comparative evaluation of extrusion of apical debris and irrigant using three different rotary systems with conventional irrigation methods - An< In vitro study

Aim: The present study aimed to compare and evaluate debris and irrigant extrusion from curved root canals using different rotary systems. Materials and Methods: 30 single-rooted mandibular canines were used in this study. The crown was decoronated, working length and initial apical diameter were established. A 1.5% agar gel model was used in this study. Samples were assigned randomly into 3 groups (n = 10 teeth per group). Protaper Next, OneShape, and Hanudent files were used according to the manufacturers' instructions for canal instrumentation. Apically extruded debris and irrigant was were computed by deducting the initial weight of the test apparatus without a tooth from its weight after the biomechanical preparation. Comparative analysis of the amount of apically extruded debris and irrigant for each of the instruments and the experimental models was performed. Results: The statistically significant difference was found between the three experimental groups. (P < .05). Among all the groups least extrusion was observed in the Protaper Next group when used in combination with conventional irrigation. Conclusion: All the instruments produced apically extruded debris and irrigant, but the maximum was seen with OneShape among the experimental groups

Study of calcium hydroxide as an intra-canal medicament in endodontic treatment in chronic apical periodontitis: In vivo study

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of endodontic therapy with Ca(OH)₂ in cases with chronic apical periodontitis by measuring the microbial viability from root canal space in various phases of endodontic therapy. The microbiological calculations that have been presented have called forth an establishment that Ca(OH)₂ has excellent antimicrobial activity, provided its association with root canals is long-standing

Assessing fracture resistance of endodontically treated teeth obturated with four different root canal sealers: An in-vitro study

Background: This study aims to evaluate fracture resistance on endodontically treated teeth when four unique sealers are being used. Materials and Methods: 75 human premolars (mandibular) recently extracted were utilised for this analysis. Random categorization of selected samples into 5 different groups depending on the type of sealer applied in the canal. Group 1: RCTpex sealer, Group 2: MTA Fillapex sealer, Group 3: Seal-Pex sealer, Group 4: Traditional zinc oxide-eugenol sealer, Group 5: Control (un-obturated tooth). Universal testing equipment (IIT, Kanpur)&nbsp;was used to assess fracture force after the teeth were inserted in acrylic cubes.&nbsp;Statistical analysis used one way ANOVA and test of post-hoc. All the groups had significant findings (P &lt; 0.05) statistically. Results: Groups one and two presented more excellent fracture endurance as compared to other groups. Furthermore, there was no noteworthy difference between group three and four or group four and five statistically. Conclusion: The group of resin sealer was found to be more successful than other groups in this in vitro study. The ZOE sealer group and the control group, however, showed no significant differences

Impact of endodontic access cavity design and thermo-cycling on fracture strength of root canal treated mandibular molar teeth: An ex-vivo study

Aim: Aim of study is to evaluate the fracture resistance of the root canal treated Mandibular 1st and 2nd molar teeth with Conventional(TEC) access design and Truss(TREC) access design restored with composite resin and subjected to thermocycling. Method: 60 human 1st and 2nd molar (mandibular) teeth were randomly categorised into six (6) groups: CON (GroupI), TEC (GroupIII), TREC(GroupV) not subjected to thermocycling whereas CONTC (GroupII),TECTC(GroupIV) and TRECTC(GroupVI) subjected to thermocycling. Biomechanical preparation of the canals were done upto #F3 of Protaper gold rotary files (Dentsply) and obturated using gutta-percha points and restored using SDR bulk-fill composite(Dentsply). All samples were then subjected to thermo-cycling for 5000cycles between 15°C and 45°C for different time intervals and their fracture toughness tested under an Universal Tester with steel ball of diameter 5mm at a constant 1mm/min speed. Two-way and one-way ANOVA test employed for statistical analysis. Result: The fracture strength of teeth in TREC group had no notable variation with the control group (P&gt;0.05) without thermocycling. Both TEC and TREC designs notably reduced the fracture toughness after thermocycling (P&lt;0.05). The least fracture resistance was noted in TECTC group. Conclusion: TREC ought to increase the fracture resistance of root canal treated teeth after thermocycling

Apically extruded debris in curved root canals using the waveone gold reciprocating system

Background : The purpose of this study was to evaluate apical debris extrusion in curved root canals using a specific file system.METHODS:50 human mandibular molars were extracted and chosen for the study, ranging between 20 and 40 degree and curvature radii &lt;10mm were randomly assigned to 2 groups (n=20) according to the kinematics used for root canal preparation ( reciprocating motion with waveone gold reciprocating system) and the Manual Technique. The apically extruded debris were collected in eppendorf tubes. The tubes are stored in an incubator for 5 days. The time recorded for each instrumentation procedure was recorded. &nbsp;Results: The Wave One Gold reciprocating system is associated with less extrusion of debris as compared to Manual technique. Conclusion : Under the conditions of the study both the Wave One Gold Reciprocating system and the Manual instrumentation technique caused apical debris extrusion to some degree. The WaveOne Gold reciprocating&nbsp; system caused less extrusion of debris in curved root canals compared with manual instrumentation technique

The role of three-dimensional imaging (CBCT) in enhancing diagnostic accuracy in endodontics: A randomized controlled trial

Background: In the field of endodontics, accurate diagnosis is pivotal for successful treatment outcomes. This randomized controlled trial (RCT) explores the potential of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) as a tool to enhance diagnostic accuracy in endodontic procedures. Materials and Methods: An RCT was conducted with a sample of 120 patients presenting with endodontic issues. The patients were divided into two groups: Group A received traditional two-dimensional radiography, while group B underwent CBCT scans. The diagnostic accuracy was assessed by comparing the radiographic findings with the clinical evaluation by experienced endodontists. Results: The results indicated a significant improvement in diagnostic accuracy in the CBCT group (group B) with an arbitrary value of 88% accuracy, compared with the traditional radiography group (group A) with only 65% accuracy. The CBCT group showed a clearer visualization of root canal anatomy, periapical lesions, and the presence of additional canals, contributing to the enhanced diagnostic capability. Conclusion: This RCT demonstrates that CBCT significantly enhances diagnostic accuracy in endodontics compared with traditional two-dimensional radiography. The improved visualization of root canal anatomy and periapical regions allows for more precise treatment planning, ultimately leading to better treatment outcomes