Infection outcomes for host larvae infected by each wasp strain.

<p>Average (+) standard deviation shown for <i>D. melanogaster</i> (A) and <i>D. suzukii</i> (B). ANOVA results compare fly eclosion, wasp eclosion, or death proportions within fly species across wasp treatments.</p

Crystal cell count comparison between <i>D. melanogaster</i> and <i>D. suzukii</i>.

<p>(A) 33 hours after infection by wasp strain LbG486; (B) 33 hours after piercing with a sterile needle. Average (+) standard deviation shown.</p

Relationship between encapsulation rate and fly eclosion.

<p>Average proportion of fly larvae that encapsulated a wasp egg for <i>D. melanogaster</i> (A) and <i>D. suzukii</i> (B).</p

Parallel plot comparing outcomes between host larvae infected by each wasp species.

<p>(A) fly eclosion; (B) wasp eclosion; (C) death. There were significant overall differences between fly species in fly eclosion and wasp eclosion proportions, but not in proportion dead. There is no correlation between fly eclosion, wasp eclosion, or death proportions between <i>D. melanogaster</i> and <i>D. suzukii</i> across the panel of wasp species (as indicated by the non-parallel connecting lines).</p

Numbers of eggs laid by each wasp strain in <i>D. melanogaster</i> (A) and <i>D. suzukii</i> (B).

<p>Average number of eggs per larva (+) standard deviation shown. ANOVA results compare egglay numbers within fly species across wasp treatments. * = significant under-dispersion of wasp eggs in fly larvae at <i>p</i><0.05 using a one-tailed paired t-test (Methods).</p

Relationship between wasp eclosion success and number of eggs wasps choose to lay in a host.

<p>There was no significant relationship for the panel of wasp species attacking <i>D. melanogaster</i> (A), but there was a significant relationship for the panel of wasp species attacking <i>D. suzukii</i> (B).</p

Hemocyte counts in other <i>D. melanogaster</i> and <i>D. suzukii</i> strains.

<p>(A) Constitutive plasmatocyte, podocyte, lamellocyte counts; (B) constitutive crystal cell counts. Average (+) standard deviation shown.</p

Parallel plot comparing average egglay numbers for each wasp species between hosts.

<p>There was no overall difference between fly species in numbers of eggs laid by wasps, nor was there a correlation between the number of eggs laid in <i>D. melanogaster</i> and the number of eggs laid in <i>D. suzukii</i> across the panel of wasp species (as indicated by the non-parallel connecting lines).</p

<i>D. suzukii</i> hemocytes and encapsulation of wasp eggs.

<p>(A) A 0.25×0.25×0.1 mm hemocytometer field from normal <i>D. suzukii</i> larvae showing abundant plasmatocytes; (B) hemocytometer field from <i>D. suzukii</i> larvae 12 hours after infection by wasp strain LbG486 showing increased podocyte and lamellocyte numbers; (C) control <i>D. melanogaster</i> larva with melanized crystal cells; (D) control <i>D. suzukii</i> larva with melanized crystal cells, showing color variation in inset; (E) initiation of encapsulation of LbG486 egg by <i>D. suzukii</i> showing loose hemocyte aggregation and melanization at anterior and posterior tips of egg; (F) LbG486 egg melanotically encapsulated by <i>D. suzukii</i>, showing surrounding layer of tightly spread hemocytes.</p

Phylogenetic relationships and provenance of wasps used in this study.

<p>Tree topology is derived from previous phylogenetic studies of Hymenopteran families <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034721#pone.0034721-Dowton1" target="_blank">[68]</a>, the family Figitidae <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034721#pone.0034721-Allemand1" target="_blank">[69]</a>, <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034721#pone.0034721-Schilthuizen1" target="_blank">[70]</a>, and the family Braconidae <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0034721#pone.0034721-Seyahooei1" target="_blank">[71]</a>. Branch lengths are approximated.</p