Numerical Simulations of Pinhole and Single Mode Fibre Spatial Filters for Optical Interferometers

We use a numerical simulation to investigate the effectiveness of pinhole spatial filters at optical/IR interferometers and to compare them with single-mode optical fibre spatial filters and interferometers without spatial filters. We show that fringe visibility measurements in interferometers containing spatial filters are much less affected by changing seeing conditions than equivalent measurements without spatial filters. This reduces visibility calibration uncertainties, and hence can reduce the need for frequent observations of separate astronomical sources for calibration of visibility measurements. We also show that spatial filters can increase the signal-to-noise ratios of visibility measurements and that pinhole filters give signal-to-noise ratios within 17% of values obtained with single-mode fibres for aperture diameters up to 3r_0. Given the simplicity of the use of pinhole filters we suggest that it represents a competitive, if not optimal, technique for spatial filtering in many current and next generation interferometers.Comment: 7 pages, 7 postscript figures. Accepted by MNRA

IKK/Nuclear Factor-kappaB and Oncogenesis: Roles in tumor-initiating cells and in the tumor microenvironment

The IKK/nuclear factor-kappaB pathway (NF-κB) is critical in proper immune function, cell survival, apoptosis, cellular proliferation, synaptic plasticity, and even memory. While NF-κB is crucial for both innate and adaptive immunity, defective regulation of this master transcriptional regulator is seen in a variety of diseases including autoimmune disease, neurodegenerative disease, and, important to this review, cancer. While NF-κB functions in cancer to promote a number of critical oncogenic functions, here we discuss the importance of the NF-κB signaling pathway in contributing to cancer through promotion of the tumor microenvironment and through maintenance/expansion of tumor-initiating cells, processes that appear to be functionally interrelated

High-Efficiency Neutron Detectors

This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 87-1440

Energy Dependence of Cross Sections for Stretched States Excited in (p,n) Reactions

This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 87-1440

High-Spin States Excited Via (p,n) Reactions

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 81-14339 and by Indiana Universit

Stretched State Excitations in the 26-Mg(p,n)26-Al Reaction at 134 MeV

This research was sponsored by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 87-1440

Performance of Large-Volume, Mean-Timed Neutron Detectors

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grants NSF PHY 78-22774 A03, NSF PHY 81-14339, and by Indiana Universit

High-Spin "Stretched" States Excited in (p,n) Reactions

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 78-22774 A02 & A03 and by Indiana Universit

Performance of Large-Volume Mean-Timed Neutron Detectors

Supported by the National Science Foundation and Indiana Universit

Measurements of Gamow-Teller Strength for Double-Beta Decaying Nuclei Via the (p,n) Reaction at 134 MeV

This work was supported by the National Science Foundation Grant NSF PHY 81-14339 and by Indiana Universit