5 research outputs found
CLAPI, une base de données multimodale pour la parole en interaction : apports et dilemmes
Dans cette contribution, nous prĂ©sentons la base CLAPI dĂ©veloppĂ©e au laboratoire ICAR dans le contexte de lâĂ©volution des bases de donnĂ©es de langues parlĂ©es en France au cours des trente derniĂšres annĂ©es. Nous dĂ©taillons les deux composantes de CLAPI, lâarchive de corpus de langue parlĂ©e en interaction audio et vidĂ©o enregistrĂ©s dans des situations sociales naturelles variĂ©es, et la plateforme dâoutils.Lâusage et lâapport de CLAPI sont illustrĂ©s par deux Ă©tudes. Lâune dĂ©crit comment la base peut ĂȘtre utilisĂ©e pour des travaux de linguistique interactionnelle intĂ©grant la multimodalitĂ© (« oh lĂ là  ») ; lâautre concerne une recherche combinant donnĂ©es et mĂ©tadonnĂ©es (« trop »). Lâarticle est aussi lâoccasion dâun bilan plus gĂ©nĂ©ral. La mise en perspective montre en effet quâaprĂšs la pĂ©riode des questions est venue celle des dilemmes. La pĂ©riode des questions, choix et dĂ©cisions Ă toutes sortes de niveaux a accompagnĂ© la mise en place des bases de donnĂ©es. LâexpĂ©rience permet maintenant de mesurer leurs indĂ©niables apports en termes non seulement de quantitĂ© de donnĂ©es disponibles (et traitables grĂące aux outils), mais aussi de qualitĂ© (comme consĂ©quence des exigences de standardisation liĂ©es au partage des donnĂ©es). La pĂ©riode des dilemmes nous conduit Ă nous interroger sur les meilleurs choix Ă opĂ©rer aujourdâhui dans les relations entre la poursuite des recherches sur des corpus variĂ©s (et parfois sensibles) et les exigences des bases de donnĂ©es ouvertes.In this contribution, we present the development of the CLAPI by the ICAR Lab in the context of the evolution of the databases of spoken languages in France during the last thirty years. We describe the two components of CLAPI, the archive of corpus of spoken languages in interaction, audio and video, recorded in varied naturally-occurring social situations, and the plateform of tools.The use and the support of CLAPI the research are shown out of two studies. One illustrates how the database can be used for working in an interactional linguistic perspective, including multimodality (âoh lĂ lĂ â); the other concerns a research combining data and metadata (âtropâ).The article is also the occasion of a more general assessment. The perspective on the last thirty years shows that after a period of questions came that of dilemmas. The period of questions, choices and decisions at various levels accompanied the implementation of the databases. The experience enables now to measure their undeniable contributions in terms not only of quantity of available data (and possibly dealt with supported by the tools), but also of quality of the data (as a consequence of the requirements of standardization linked to the needs of sharing the data). The period of the dilemmas leads us to wonder about the best choices to be operated today among continuing research on varied corpuses (sometimes delicate) and the requirements of the databases
Conversation analysis and online interaction
At the same time as Harvey Sacks was developing conversation analysis (CA), at the same institution a young graduate student attempted to type the word âloginâ into a computer; this message would then be sent to another computer in a different lab. Unfortunately the system crashed after the letters âLâ and âOâ were sent, and so the first word to be sent via the internet (or at least the pre-cursor to it) was âLOâ or perhaps, if we want to read it as such, âhelloâ. The fact that the first message sent via the âinternetâ was, somewhat accidentally, a standard greeting is a foreshadowing of the fact that the internet has become a predominantly interactional medium. Online communication has grown exponentially since that first message. There are currently an estimated 269 billion e-mails, 55 billion Whatsapp messages, over 9.5 billion Instagram photos and videos, and around 500 million tweets sent per day. Online interaction is a worldwide phenomenon, with users of Chinese social media site, Weibo, sending over 100 million messages each day and about 38 billion messages sent every day on WeChat, the Chinese instant messaging service. As conversation analysts are interested in interaction as the primordial site of sociality, the internet is an enormous and ever-growing site of interaction, and as such should be a clear focus for exploring social life.
This review provides an overview of what we already know from studies of CA and online interaction. It will argue that going forward there should be more impetus to explore this area of interaction, not only in its own right but also for what it tells us about human interaction more generally. This paper will show how CA can offer real insight into the organization of online interaction, particularly in relation to the potential affordances and constraints of the interaction