Management of walnut genetic resources to improve the efficiency of the breeding process in the South of Russia

Walnut is one of the main nut crops of world importance. Conservation and efficient use of genetic resources is one of the fundamental principles of breeding work. The most efficient way to work with genetic resources is to create core collections that include most of the genetic diversity with the least number of samples in the collection. There are several different approaches to the creation of core collections, differing in the criteria for the selection of characters and the number of samples in the collection. This article provides an overview of the most effective approaches to creating walnut core collections in southern Russia. Of course, both genetic and phenotypic diversity should be taken into account. Microsatellite markers or SNPs may be the most appropriate tools for assessing genetic diversity, depending on the objectives and sample sizes. The article also provides an overview of the most valuable traits from the point of view of walnut breeding in the North Caucasus

Search of effective IRAP markers for sakura genotyping

The aim of this study is to find and use effective IRAP markers for DNA genotyping of representatives of sakura species (ornamental cherries). The work demonstrates the results of testing ISSR markers on the genotypes of the species P. serrulata. Also, based on the testing data, the selection of effective IRAP markers was carried out. The selected IRAP markers were used in the genetic analysis of 12 sakura genotypes

Research of recirculation systems and air recovery systems

The scientific work “Research of recirculation systems and air recovery systems” is devoted to the analysis and selection of the most optimum ventilation systems that will reduce the cost of published products by reducing energy consumption. The purpose of this work is to discover and experimentally study the characteristics that affect the use of thermal and electric energy by ventilation systems and air heating in the industry, as well as to create solutions that allow to achieve a decrease in the consumption of fuel and energy resources for these systems. The relevance of the work is to reduce the cost of manufactured products and increase their own competitiveness by saving consumed energy resources. In this regard, the development of completely new solutions focused on the economic efficiency of electrical and thermal energy in ventilation and heating systems in various industries, with a simultaneous increase in sanitary hygienic efficiency, today is an urgent task of solving the problem and has economic national importance

One-dimensional model and solutions for creeping gas flows in the approximation of uniform pressure

A model, along with analytical and numerical solutions, is presented to describe a wide variety of one-dimensional slow flows of compressible heat-conductive fluids. The model is based on the approximation of uniform pressure valid for the flows, in which the sound propagation time is much shorter than the duration of any meaningful density variation in the system. The energy balance is described by the heat equation that is solved independently. This approach enables the explicit solution for the fluid velocity to be obtained. Interfacial and volumetric heat and mass sources as well as boundary motion are considered as possible sources of density variation in the fluid. A set of particular tasks is analyzed for different motion sources in planar, axial, and central symmetries in the quasistationary limit of heat conduction (i.e. for large Fourier number). The analytical solutions are in excellent agreement with corresponding numerical solutions of the whole system of the Navier-Stokes equations. This work deals with the ideal gas. The approach is also valid for other equations of state.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Identification of Sakura interspecific hybrids in

The use of IRAP and ISSR markers for the genetic analysis of Cerasus and Padus samples from the NCFRCHVW collection made it possible to establish the collection genetic structure and identify interspecific hybrids of cherry trees. Clustering of genotyped samples revealed 4 main clusters: 1) Bird cherry; 2) Cherries; 3) Interspecific hybrids of sakura; 4) Sakura. Most of the hybrid forms of sakura and cherries have formed a separate group, which is different from both sour and sweet cherry varieties, and from the classic sakura varieties. Also, some samples were identified that were assigned to groups that were not typical for them. These samples include the genotype of the Sibirskaya krasavitsa bird cherry, AI72 rootstock, Podbelskaya cherry, Polskaya sakura and ornamental cherry Rexii. In general, ISSR and IRAP markers have demonstrated their effectiveness as tools for genetic analysis of Prunus collections and identification of genotypes arising in the course of interspecific hybridization

Mobilization of genetic diversity of the genus

Breeding renewal of the southern assortment of apple trees for the Russian fruit growing industry based on the accelerated process of creating domestic genotypes with a complex increased resistance to the main fungal pathogens of the culture (Venturia inaequalis (Cooke) Wint., Podosphaera leucotricha (Ell. & Ev.) E.S. Salmon, Phyllosticta mali Pr. et. Del., Phyllosticta briardi Sacc.) is due to the systematic use of modern methods, innovative breeding techniques and improved techniques. The purpose of the study is to develop and create a database of representatives of the genus Malus Mill., which is promising for use in the production and accelerated breeding of new domestic genetic resources for the southern region of Russia. During the research work, Russian modern and generally accepted programs and methods of breeding, variety study for fruit plants were used. The formed database “Main economically valuable, morphological and molecular-genetic characters of representatives of the genus Malus Mill. with resistance to the main fungal pathogens in the south of Russia”; filed an application for its patent. Using the data of the obtained information system will significantly speed up the solution of practical selection problems and reduce the costs of organizing the breeding process

Cloud manipulation system: Thermal characterization and drop tower experiment

Cloud Manipulation System is developed in the framework of the scientific program Interaction in Cosmic and Atmospheric Particle Systems (ICAPS) of the European Space Agency. The project is aimed at investigation of dust agglomeration in the conditions related to astrophysical processes. The cloud manipulation system should provide 1) high enough particle collision rate to get extended clusters and to observe cluster-cluster agglomeration, 2) possibility to deliver a chosen clusters to the observation volume of high resolution optics for the in situ detailed analysis, 3) varying in time and space forces for the investigation of particle transport phenomena and dust cloud dynamics in microgravity conditions. Thermophoresis have been chosen as the main driving force. Development of thermophoretic Cloud Manipulation System required considerable advancement in realization of thermoelectric temperature variators, modeling of thermophoretic dynamic balance, characterization of system thermal parameters. Tests in short duration microgravity conditions of the Bremen drop tower successfully demonstrated main functions, i.e. cloud squeezing and positioning, and proved feasibility of the system development for long duration microgravity missions

The using of gene-oriented SCoT markers in genotyping of the Apple genus (

This paper discusses the aspects of optimization of the SCoT genotyping method for representatives of the genus Apple (Malus Mill.), including the orchard apple (Malus domestica). Special attention is paid to the methods of total DNA isolation from apple plant tissue, which is due to the sensitivity of multilocus marker systems to the quality of the nucleic acid preparation. On a sample of total DNA isolated from the leaves of the Golden Delicious cultivar, 18 SCoT markers were tested, from which 4 Malus Mill cultivars and species most promising for genotyping were selected