Canonical Constraints on Leptonic Cp Violation using UHCR neutrino fluxes

It is shown that one can in principle constrain the CP-violating parameter delta from measurements of four independant |V_{ij}|^2, or three of them and a ratio, in the leptonic sector. To quantify our approach, using unitarity, we derive simple expressions in terms of four independant |V_{ij}|^2 for cos(delta) and an expression for sin^2(delta) from J^2. Thus, depending on the values of |V_{ij}| and their accuracy, we can set meaningful limits on |delta|. To illustrate numerically, if |V_{u1}|^2 is close to 0.1 with a 10% precision, and if |V_{e3}^2 is larger than 0.005 and for values of |V_{e2}|^2 and |V_{u3}|^2 that stay within +-0.1 of the current experimental data leads to a bound pi/2 < |delta| < pi. Alternatively, a certain combination of parameters with values of |V_{e3}|^2 larger than 0.01 leads to a closed bound of 73 < |delta| < 103. In general, we find that it is better to use |V_{u1}|^2 or |V_{t1}|^2 as the fourth independant |V_{ij}|^2 and that over most of the parameter space, delta is least sensitive to |V_{e3}|^2. With just three independant measurements (solar, atmospheric and reactor) it is impossible to set limits on the CP phase. In this respect, we study the use of ultra high energy cosmic (UHCR) neutrino fluxes as the additional fourth information. We find that within the SM, neutrino fluxes of all three flavours will be very similar but that pushing current neutrino data to their extreme values still allowed, ratios of cosmic neutrino fluxes can differ by up to 20%; such large discrepancies could imply negligibly small CP-violation. We also study a non radiative neutrino decay model and find that the neutrino fluxes can differ by a factor of up to 3 within this model and that an accuracy of 10% on the neutrino fluxes is sufficient to set interestin limits on delta.Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures, 5 table

Radiative stability of neutrino-mass textures

Neutrino-mass textures proposed at high-scales are known to be unstable against radiative corrections especially for nearly degenerate eigen values. Within the renormalization group constraints we find a mechanism in a class of gauge theories which guarantees reproduction of any high-scale texture at low energies with radiative stability. We also show how the mechanism explains solar and atmospheric neutrino anomalies through the bimaximal texture at high scale.Comment: 4 pages REVTEX, 1 Postscript fi

A comparative study of functional outcome of short proximal femoral nail with long proximal femoral nail in proximal femoral fractures

Background: Trochanteric femoral fractures are often seen in patients aged they can be caused by high-energy or low-energy trauma or may be pathological. Particularly in the elderly, hip fractures are a major cause of increased mortality and morbidity. Because of the decreased physical capacity, concomitant systemic diseases, and increased vulnerability to environmental dangers, even low-energy trauma can cause unstable femoral trochanteric fractures in this age group. Compare the functional outcome of the short proximal femoral nail with a long proximal femoral nail in proximal femoral fractures.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in the Department of Orthopaedics, Karpaga Vinayaga Institute of Medical Sciences and Research Centre, Chengalpattu Dist., Tamil Nadu, India. (KIMS &amp; RC). Palmer/Parker score is obtained for the functional outcome of the short proximal femoral nail with a long proximal femoral nail in proximal femoral fractures.Results: It is concluded from our study that proximal femoral nailing is an attractive and suitable implant for Proximal Femoral Fractures and its use in unstable intertrochanteric fractures is very encouraging.  Conclusions: The database of our retrospective study regarding age &amp; sex incidence, clinicopathological features and therapeutic outcome was comparable to other studies in various literatures

A study on deep neck space infections.

Deep neck space infections are life threatening infections of the head and neck region .Wide spread use of antibiotics has lowered the life threatening infections and also altered their clinical presentation. Rapid spread of infection from one space to another space results in increased incidence of complication. In the present study of 130 cases of deep neck space infections,the diagnosis was established based on detailed clinical history, accurate clinical examination, laboratory investigations and radiological examination . In 130 cases of deep neck space infections, 69% of patients were males, 31% of patients were females. Infection were common in males . Among the deep neck space infections the most common was peritonsillar abscess (33%). Remaining infections were Ludwig’s angina (25%), retropharyngeal abscess (23%), parapharyngeal abscess (9%) , submandibular abscess (3%) , parotid abscess (3%) , buccal abscess (3%), anterior visceral space abscess (3%) and deep neck space infections with acute necrotizing fasciitis (1%) . All the cases presented with fever and most of the cases with sore throat and dysphagia. Other clinical features were odynophagia, trismus, neck pain, neck swelling, change in voice, cheek swelling and remaining features based on the spatial compartments involved. The most common etiology for deep neck space infections was odontogenic infection followed by chronic pharyngitis. Based on the investigations most of the patients in this study were treated by incision and drainage followed by antibiotics based on culture and sensitivity of the aspirate. The most commonest organism was staphylococcus aureus followed by streptococcus pyogenes and pneumoniae. Most of the patients in this study were treated by combination of antibiotics like cefotaxime, metronidazole and garamycin followed by dental opinion . The age group most commonly involved were between 31 yrs – 40 yrs. Conservative treatment was done by culture directed antibiotics .Surgical treatment involved incision and drainage, If there are signs of impending airway obstrucion tracheostomy was performed

Seesaw Neutrino Masses with Large Mixings from Dimensional Deconstruction

We demonstrate a dynamical origin for the dimension-five seesaw operator in dimensional deconstruction models. Light neutrino masses arise from the seesaw scale which corresponds to the inverse lattice spacing. It is shown that the deconstructing limit naturally prefers maximal leptonic mixing. Higher-order corrections which are allowed by gauge invariance can transform the bi-maximal into a bi-large mixing. These terms may appear to be non-renormalizable at scales smaller than the deconstruction scale.Comment: Revised version published in PR

Large Neutrino Mixing from Renormalization Group Evolution

The renormalization group evolution equation for two neutrino mixing is known to exhibit nontrivial fixed point structure corresponding to maximal mixing at the weak scale. The presence of the fixed point provides a natural explanation of the observed maximal mixing of $\nu_{\mu}-\nu_{\tau}$ if the $\nu_{\mu}$ and $\nu_{\tau}$ are assumed to be quasi-degenerate at the seesaw scale without constraining on the mixing angles at that scale. In particular, it allows them to be similar to the quark mixings as in generic grand unified theories. We discuss implementation of this program in the case of MSSM and find that the predicted mixing remains stable and close to its maximal value, for all energies below the $O$(TeV) SUSY scale. We also discuss how a particular realization of this idea can be tested in neutrinoless double beta decay experiments.Comment: Latex file, 21 pages and 4 ps figures include

Vacuum Alignment in Technicolor Theories-I. The Technifermion Sector

We have carried out numerical studies of vacuum alignment in technicolor models of electroweak and flavor symmetry breaking. The goal is to understand alignment's implications for strong and weak CP nonconservation in quark interactions. In this first part, we restrict our attention to the technifermion sector of simple models. We find several interesting phenomena, including (1) the possibility that all observable phases in the technifermions' unitary vacuum-alignment matrix are integer multiples of \pi/N' where N' \le N, the number of technifermion doublets, and (2) the possibility of exceptionally light pseudoGoldstone technipions.Comment: 19 pages, Latex with one postscript figur

Triangular Ring Resonator: Direct measurement of the parity-odd parameters of the photon sector of SME

We introduce the the Triangular Ring (TR) resonator. We show that the difference between the clockwise and anti-clockwise resonant frequencies of a vacuum TR resonator is sensitive to the birefringence parity-odd parameters of the photon's sector of the minimal Standard Model Extension (mSME): the Standard Model plus all the perturbative parameters encoding the break the Lorentz symmetry. We report that utilizing the current technology allows for direct measurement of these parameters with a sensitivity of the parity even ones and improves the best current resonator bounds by couple of orders of magnitudes. We note that designing an optical table that rotates perpendicular to the gravitational equipotential surface (geoid) allows for direct measurement of the constancy of the light speed at the vicinity of the earth in all directions in particular perpendicular to the geoid. If this table could achieve the precision of the ordinary tables, then it would improve the GPS bounds on the constancy of the light speed perpendicular to geoid by about eight orders of magnitude.Comment: ref. added, minor corrections, matches the published versio

Keyhole craniectomy in the surgical management of spontaneous intracerebral hematoma

Background and Objective: Although the surgical management of spontaneous intracerebral hematoma (SICH) is a controversial issue, it can be life saving in a deteriorating patient. Surgical techniques have varied from the open large craniotomy, burr hole and aspiration to the minimally invasive techniques like stereotactic aspiration of the SICH, endoscopic evacuation and stereotactic catheter drainage. The authors report their experience with a keyhole craniectomy for the surgical evacuation of SICH. Methods: Ninety-six cases of SICH were treated using the keyhole craniectomy technique. A small craniectomy of 2-2.5 cm diameter was made using a vertical incision over a relatively ‘silent area’ of the cortex closest to the clot. Using a small cortical incision the hematoma was evacuated and decompression was achieved. Hemostasis was achieved using standard microneurosurgical techniques. Results: Good to excellent outcome was achieved in 55 cases. Mortality was noted in 23 patients. Blood loss was minimal during the procedure. Good evacuation of the clot was seen in all but 5 cases as judged by the postoperative CT scan. Conclusion: The keyhole craniectomy technique is minimally invasive, safe and can achieve good clot evacuation with excellent hemostasis. It can be combined with microscopic or endoscopic assistance to achieve the desired result

Pseudo-Goldstone Boson Effects in Top-Antitop Productions at High Energy Hadron Colliders and Testing Technicolor Models

We study the top quark pair production process p+p(anti-p)-->top+antitop in various kinds of technicolor (TC) models at the Fermilab Tevatron Run II and the CERN LHC. The s-channel neutral pseudo-Goldstone bosons (PGB's) contribute dominately to the production amplitudes from its coupling to the gluons through the triangle loops of techniquarks and the top quark. Cross sections in different TC models with s-channel PGB contributions are calculated. It is shown that the PGB effects can be experimentally tested and different TC models under consideration can be distinguished at the LHC. Therefore, the p+p-->top+antitop process at the LHC provides feasible tests of the TC models.Comment: 10 pages in RevTex and 4 PS-files for the figures. Paramemter range is changed, and some references are added. Version for publication in Phys. Rev.