Entrepreneurship Development through Education: The Nigerian Experience

Entrepreneurship development is any society like Nigeria can achieve its desire objectives in sustaining and maintaining healthy economic condition through education. This is because education imbibes in individual entrepreneur the spirit of sportsmanship and behavioural traits relevance to make an enterprise more productive. In view of this therefore, this paper discusses the conditions that can foster the development of entrepreneur in Nigeria, entrepreneur and professional skill, entrepreneurship and Nigeria economy and advances recommendations such as personal commitment and change in attitude towards business as it is obtained among their cater parts everywhere in the world, engagement of Nigerian entrepreneur on productive ventures instead of quick money yielding venture and a host of others.  Also, an overview of Nigerian entrepreneur is equally expounded

Grasslands Classification in Yobe State Nigeria Using Integrated Orderly Classification System of Grassland (IOCSG)

Integrated Orderly Classification System of Grassland (IOCSG) was initiated by Professor Ji-Zhou Ren in the 1960s and it has satisfactorily served to direct theory and practice of grassland classification for the last several decades in China. In this study IOCSG is adopted to classify the grasslands in Yobe state Nigeria, using 30 years (1984-2013) data on precipitation and temperature from 12 satellite stations across the state. Humidity (moisture index) was estimated as the ratio of precipitation per annum to annual temperature. The results revealed a trend of decline in precipitation and moisture index with latitude; from 772.63 mm and 0.72 in the south (110 08\u27 N) to 303.81 mm and 0.32 in the northern part of the state (130 27\u27 N), respectively. The average cumulative annual precipitation and moisture index in ten (10) of the stations ranges from 772.63 mm and 0.72 to 436.50 mm and 0.41 respectively. While the remaining two (2) stations recorded 407.77 and 303.81 mm as cumulative average precipitation as well as 0.38 and 0.28 as cumulative average annual moisture index. The Average cumulative annual temperature in the state was \u3e100000C across the stations. Two grassland class; Tropical arid and Tropical extra-arid grasslands were identified in the state at the first level of IOCSG. Therefore, tropical arid grassland management techniques should be fully employed for efficient utilization of grassland resources in the study area and further classification of the grasslands into subclasses using edaphic conditions, according to the IOCSG should be carried out

Synthesis and characterization of Sm-based orthoferrite compounds, SmFe1-xMnxO3

The orthoferrites RFeO3 where R is a rare earth and related compounds are being studied because of their important technological applications and unusual magnetic and electrical properties. Some of these compounds are of interest because of their ferroelectric behaviour as well as for their semiconducting properties. Several elements can be partly or completely substituted for the iron thus providing a means of preparing materials with tailor made properties. These orthoferrites can be antiferromagnetic insulators. The magnetic interactions in such cases are formed as a result of strong negative indirect Fe3+-O-Fe3+ interaction. Although these materials are very weak ferromagnetic, they exhibit many properties of ferromagnets. Since the magnetic properties are crucially dependent on both the shape, size of particles and the relative population of the sites or the cation distribution, choosing the right method of preparation becomes crucial. They have wide range of applications in magnetic recording, catalysis, pigments in paints and ceramic among others. From the previous experiments, there is fairly convincing evidence of SmFeO3 orthoferrite synthesis, albeit with some (5 – 10%) unreacted Fe2O3. Unreacted Fe2O3 is perhaps an indication of a poorly homogenized sample, and there should be better grinding-mixing procedures. The substitution of Mn ions in SmFeO3 not only weakens the exchange interaction and reduces the Curie temperature, but also induces a J-T distortion which results in a large electric field gradient at the 57Fe nucleus. During this process the crystallographic structure of the sample is modified by the substitution of Mn ions

Insolation Levels Using Temperature Model for Sustainable Application of Photovoltaic Technology in Some Selected Locations of Nigeria

The need to balance between energy security, economic development and environmental protection through technology is becoming enormous. Nigerians are experiencing lack of adequate meteorological data such as monthly average of incoming solar radiation and clearness index except for few locations. While, photovoltaic technology applications depends solely on the availability of insolation data and efficient energy appliances. Therefore, twenty one (21) locations were considered within the North-western Nigeria for the estimation of global solar radiation (kWh/m2/day) using sunshine hours based on Angstrom correlation model. It was achieved through derived empirical constants based on the 30 years long term average of ground insolation measurement and 10 years long term average of sunshine hour’s measurement. The measured and estimated values of insolation were tested using coefficient of determination (R2), root mean square error (RMSE) and coefficient of residual mass (CRM) and high percentages of the R2, low value of RMSE and positive value of CRM close to unity shows remarkable agreements. The difference between the monthly variations of average mean daily insolation of the locations was also shown to have no significant difference based on One-way analysis of variance (ANOVA). It is concluded that, the insolation data can be used in the design of solar installations for the locations and in locations with similar climatic conditions for sustainable application photovoltaic technology in Nigeria. Key words: Nigeria, Estimation, Insolation, Sunshine hours, Photovoltaic technology

Odgovor glatkog mišića dvanaestnika na histamin i karbakol u tijeku infekcije bakterijom Escherichia coli u pilića.

The contractile responses of the duodenal segments from healthy and Escherichia coli infected broiler chickens on exposure to exogenous histamine and carbachol were studied. Molar concentrations of the agonists were introduced into suspensions of the segments in Tyrodes solution at 37 oC and the responses recorded using kymograph. Both healthy and infected segments responded dose-dependently to the agonists. The healthy segments showed greater sensitivity to the agonists and produced significantly (P<0.05) higher mean maximum responses in all cases. The threshold responses to molar concentrations of the drugs were lower for segments from infected chickens. It is suggested that E. coli infection may have altered the contractile responses of chicken duodenum to the agonists.Istraživane su kontraktilne reakcije pojedinih dijelova dvanaestnika zdravih tovnih pilića i pilića inficiranih bakterijom Escherichia coli na izloženost egzogenom histaminu i karbakolu. Molarne koncentracije agonista pripremljene su u Tyrodeovoj otopini na 37 ˚C, a odgovori su bilježeni pomoću kimografa. I zdravi i inficirani dijelovi reagirali su ovisno o dozi agonista. Zdravi dijelovi pokazivali su veću osjetljivost na agoniste i proizveli su u prosjeku značajno (P<0,05) više reakcije u svim slučajevima. Granične reakcije na molarne koncentracije lijekova bile su niže u dijelovima inficiranih pilića. Smatra se da infekcija bakterijom E. coli može promijeniti kontraktilne reakcije pilećeg dvanaestnika na agoniste

Odgovor glatkog mišića dvanaestnika na histamin i karbakol u tijeku infekcije bakterijom Escherichia coli u pilića.

The contractile responses of the duodenal segments from healthy and Escherichia coli infected broiler chickens on exposure to exogenous histamine and carbachol were studied. Molar concentrations of the agonists were introduced into suspensions of the segments in Tyrodes solution at 37 oC and the responses recorded using kymograph. Both healthy and infected segments responded dose-dependently to the agonists. The healthy segments showed greater sensitivity to the agonists and produced significantly (P<0.05) higher mean maximum responses in all cases. The threshold responses to molar concentrations of the drugs were lower for segments from infected chickens. It is suggested that E. coli infection may have altered the contractile responses of chicken duodenum to the agonists.Istraživane su kontraktilne reakcije pojedinih dijelova dvanaestnika zdravih tovnih pilića i pilića inficiranih bakterijom Escherichia coli na izloženost egzogenom histaminu i karbakolu. Molarne koncentracije agonista pripremljene su u Tyrodeovoj otopini na 37 ˚C, a odgovori su bilježeni pomoću kimografa. I zdravi i inficirani dijelovi reagirali su ovisno o dozi agonista. Zdravi dijelovi pokazivali su veću osjetljivost na agoniste i proizveli su u prosjeku značajno (P<0,05) više reakcije u svim slučajevima. Granične reakcije na molarne koncentracije lijekova bile su niže u dijelovima inficiranih pilića. Smatra se da infekcija bakterijom E. coli može promijeniti kontraktilne reakcije pilećeg dvanaestnika na agoniste

ACCESS AND UTILIZATION OF INFORMATION RESOURCES BY DISTANCE LEARNERS IN NORTH-WESTERN STUDY CENTRE LIBRARIES OF NATIONAL OPEN UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA

Globally, higher institutions of learning are embracing information resources because of its support for teaching and learning in the new e-learning academic environment. National Open Universities have also embraced digital library through various national and international initiatives. This study examined access and utilization of information resources by distance learners in North-West Study Centers’ libraries of National Open University of Nigeria. The study was guided by five research questions. A Survey research design was adopted for the study with a target population of 12,614 and representative sample size of 936 using purposive sampling technique in the three Study Centres with functional library facilities namely: Kaduna, Kano, and Katsina. Questionnaire was the main instrument used in collecting data for this research. Data collected were analyzed using descriptive statistics of frequency counts and percentages scores. Among the findings of the study it was revealed that: the major types of information resources available to distance learners were: past students projects, thesis/dissertations, course materials, past question papers, text books, e-resources among others, that information resources were accessible mostly by visiting the libraries. There was a strong correlation between accessibility and utilization among the three centers under study (r = 0.858 at 0.001\u3c0.05). There was a significant correlation between accessibility and utilization among the programme level in the study centers. The result shows that r = 0.856 at 0.001\u3c0.024. It was recommended that library should focus on providing adequate resources to make regular library users access more current and relevant information resources and services across all the regional study Centres to meet the information needs of DLs

The Influence of Construction Project Team Effectiveness in Higher Institutions’ Building Projects: A Case from Nigeria

Projects are required to meet the stakeholders’ requirements on the stipulated time, quality and budget. The achievement of such requirements is related to team effectiveness. However, there is poor project time and cost performance in Nigeria such that the constructions initiated mostly escalate beyond the cost and time budgeted. The construction project teams in Nigeria are shrouded with dysfunctions leading to undesirable project outcomes. This study aims to examine the influence of project team effectiveness on project performance of higher educational institutions’ construction in Nigeria. A quantitative survey design was employed where 150 questionnaires were administered to construction projects team members in four higher educational institutions in Bauchi state, Nigeria. The result indicated that the team effectiveness factors of communication, role and responsibility as well as team relationships have a substantial influence on project performance. However, goal and objectives, leadership, as well as trust and values factors, do not have significant influence. Overall, the result shows that the variation in the project performance can be explained substantially by changes in the construction project team effectiveness (Adj. R2 =.585). The implication of this finding is that project performance in Nigerian higher educational institutions can be significantly improved by strengthening communications, roles and responsibilities as well as relationships among team members. Thus, this research contributed to the existing body of knowledge on the linkage between team effectiveness and project performance in the Nigeria higher educational institutions' construction projects. The study, therefore, recommended the improvement of team effectiveness factors of the industry by all projects’ stakeholders and participants

The Influence of Construction Project Team Effectiveness in Higher Institutions’ Building Projects: A Case from Nigeria

Projects are required to meet the stakeholders’ requirements on the stipulated time, quality and budget. The achievement of such requirements is related to team effectiveness. However, there is poor project time and cost performance in Nigeria such that the constructions initiated mostly escalate beyond the cost and time budgeted. The construction project teams in Nigeria are shrouded with dysfunctions leading to undesirable project outcomes. This study aims to examine the influence of project team effectiveness on project performance of higher educational institutions’ construction in Nigeria. A quantitative survey design was employed where 150 questionnaires were administered to construction projects team members in four higher educational institutions in Bauchi state, Nigeria. The result indicated that the team effectiveness factors of communication, role and responsibility as well as team relationships have a substantial influence on project performance. However, goal and objectives, leadership, as well as trust and values factors, do not have significant influence. Overall, the result shows that the variation in the project performance can be explained substantially by changes in the construction project team effectiveness (Adj. R2 =.585). The implication of this finding is that project performance in Nigerian higher educational institutions can be significantly improved by strengthening communications, roles and responsibilities as well as relationships among team members. Thus, this research contributed to the existing body of knowledge on the linkage between team effectiveness and project performance in the Nigeria higher educational institutions' construction projects. The study, therefore, recommended the improvement of team effectiveness factors of the industry by all projects’ stakeholders and participants