Pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of rebamipide. New possibilities of therapy: A review

The MedLine database contains 570 publications, including 71 randomized clinical trials and 6 meta-analyses on the rebamipide molecule in 2022. Indications for the use of rebamipide are gastric ulcer, chronic gastritis with hyperacidityin the acute stage, erosive gastritis, prevention of damage to the gastrointestinal mucosa while taking non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, eradication of Helicobacter pylori. Currently trials are studying the efficacy and safety of the drug in gouty and rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, Sjgren's syndrome, bronchial asthma, vitiligo, atherosclerosis, diseases of the kidneys and liver; using in traumatology to accelerate bone regeneration; in ophthalmology to improve the regeneration of corneal epithelium; in oncology to reduce inflammatory changes in the oral mucosa after chemoradiotherapy. The review article is about the main pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic characteristics of rebamipide. A detailed understanding of pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics allows for individual selection of therapy based on the characteristics of the patient's body gender, age, comorbidities; choose the optimal route of administration and dosing regimen; predict adverse effects and drug interactions; be determined with new clinical indications

Effectiveness of empirical <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> eradication therapy with furazolidone in Russia: results from the European Registry on <i>Helicobacter pylori</i> Management (Hp-EuReg)

Background. First-line therapy does not always provide a high level of Helicobacter pylori eradication due to the increase of H. pylori resistance to antibiotics; therefore, it remains necessary to identify the most effective rescue treatments. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of empirical H. pylori furazolidone-containing regimens. Materials and methods. Adult H. pylori infected patients empirically treated with furazolidone-containing eradication regimens were registered in an international, prospective, multicenter non-intervention European registry on H. pylori management (Hp-EuReg). Data were collected at AEG-REDCap e-CRF from 2013 to 2021 and the quality was reviewed. Modified intention-to-treat (mITT) effectiveness analyses were performed. Results. Overall 106 patients received empirical furazolidone-containing therapy in Russia. Furazolidone was prescribed in a sequential scheme along with amoxicillin, clarithromycin and a proton pump inhibitor in 68 (64%) cases, triple regimens were prescribed in 28 (26%) patients and quadruple regimens in 10 (9.4%). Treatment duration of 7 days was assigned to 2 (1.9%) patients, 10-day eradication therapy in case of 80 (75%) and 14 days in 24 (23%) patients. Furazolidone was mainly used in first- (79%) and second-line (21%) regimens. The methods used to diagnose H. pylori infection were: histology (81%), stool antigen test (64%), 13C-urea breath test (6.6%), and rapid urease test (1.9%). The mITT effectiveness of sequential therapy was 100%; 93% with the triple therapy and 75.5% with quadruple therapy. Compliance was reported in 98% of cases. Adverse events were revealed in 5.7% of patients, mostly nausea (3.8%). No serious adverse events were reported. Conclusion. Furazolidone containing eradication regimens appear to be an effective and safe empirical therapy in Russia

Russian consensus on exoand endocrine pancreatic insufficiency after surgical treatment

The Russian consensus on exo - and endocrine pancreatic insufficiency after surgical treatment was prepared on the initiative of the Russian "Pancreatic Club" on the Delphi method. His goal was to clarify and consolidate the opinions of specialists on the most relevant issues of diagnosis and treatment of exo - and endocrine insufficiency after surgical interventions on the pancreas. An interdisciplinary approach is provided by the participation of leading gastroenterologists and surgeons

Clinical features of post-COVID-19 period. Results of the international register “Dynamic analysis of comorbidities in SARS-CoV-2 survivors (AKTIV SARS-CoV-2)”. Data from 6-month follow-up

Aim. To study the clinical course specifics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and comorbid conditions in COVID-19 survivors 3, 6, 12 months after recovery in the Eurasian region according to the AKTIV register. Material and methods.The AKTIV register was created at the initiative of the Eurasian Association of Therapists. The AKTIV register is divided into 2 parts: AKTIV 1 and AKTIV 2. The AKTIV 1 register currently includes 6300 patients, while in AKTIV 2 — 2770. Patients diagnosed with COVID-19 receiving in- and outpatient treatment have been anonymously included on the registry. The following 7 countries participated in the register: Russian Federation, Republic of Armenia, Republic of Belarus, Republic of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyz Republic, Republic of Moldova, Republic of Uzbekistan. This closed multicenter register with two nonoverlapping branches (in- and outpatient branch) provides 6 visits: 3 in-person visits during the acute period and 3 telephone calls after 3, 6, 12 months. Subject recruitment lasted from June 29, 2020 to October 29, 2020. Register will end on October 29, 2022. A total of 9 fragmentary analyzes of the registry data are planned. This fragment of the study presents the results of the post-hospitalization period in COVID-19 survivors after 3 and 6 months. Results. According to the AKTIV register, patients after COVID-19 are characterized by long-term persistent symptoms and frequent seeking for unscheduled medical care, including rehospitalizations. The most common causes of unplanned medical care are uncontrolled hypertension (HTN) and chronic coronary artery disease (CAD) and/or decompensated type 2 diabetes (T2D). During 3- and 6-month follow-up after hospitalization, 5,6% and 6,4% of patients were diagnosed with other diseases, which were more often presented by HTN, T2D, and CAD. The mortality rate of patients in the post-hospitalization period was 1,9% in the first 3 months and 0,2% for 4-6 months. The highest mortality rate was observed in the first 3 months in the group of patients with class II-IV heart failure, as well as in patients with cardiovascular diseases and cancer. In the pattern of death causes in the post-hospitalization period, following cardiovascular causes prevailed (31,8%): acute coronary syndrome, stroke, acute heart failure. Conclusion. According to the AKTIV register, the health status of patients after COVID-19 in a serious challenge for healthcare system, which requires planning adequate health system capacity to provide care to patients with COVID-19 in both acute and post-hospitalization period

Российский консенсус по профилактике, диагностике и лечению рака желудка

The Russian consensus on prevention, diagnostic and treatment of gastric cancer was prepared on the initiative of the Moscow clinical scientific center named after A. S. Loginov according to the Delphi method. Its aim was to clarify and consolidate the opinions of specialists on the most relevant issues of prevention, diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. An interdisciplinary approach was provided by the participation of leading gastroenterologists, oncologists and surgeons.Российский консенсус по профилактике, диагностике и лечению рака желудка подготовлен по инициативе Московского клинического научного центра им А. С. Логинова ДЗМ по Дельфийской системе. Его целью явилась консолидация мнений отечественных специалистов по наиболее актуальным вопросам профилактики, скрининга, диагностики и лечения рака желудка. Междисциплинарный подход обеспечен участием ведущих гастроэнтерологов, онкологов и хирургов.Цель статьи: представить положения Российского консенсуса по профилактике, диагностике и лечению рака желудка

Peasantry in vies of the liberal community of the Russian province in the early XXth century (Based on materials of the central black earth provinces)

The present article is carried out within the framework of the study of such insufficiently studied aspect of pre-revolutionary liberalism as the history of liberal social thought of the Russian province. The study is based on the materials of one of the most typical provincial regions - Central black Earth provinces; the authors involved a wide range of the historical sources - journalistic, epistolary heritage of liberal figures of these provinces, materials of periodicals, etc. The article considers the views of representatives of the liberal society of the Central black Earth provinces on the peasantry at the beginning of the XX century, when the Russian society and the government faced the urgent need to solve a number of socio-economic problems, including the agrarian and peasant issue. It was analyzed the assessments and judgments of provincial liberal figures on the economic condition, the legal status of the peasantry, the level of its civil, socio-cultural and moral development, identifies the measures proposed by the liberals and describes in General their practical activities to improve the situation among peasants. It was identified that, despite the diversity of opinions, in the views of representatives of the liberal society of the Central black Earth provinces quite clearly traced two positions in relation to the peasantry: rationalist (moderate), based on the classical liberal thesis of equality of rights, and sympathetic (paternalistic) - close to the ideas of social liberalism on equality of conditions and opportunities. The authors came to the conclusion that the provincial liberals in their attitude to the peasantry acted as carriers of innovative Europeanized culture (in a broad sense), to which they sought to attach the peasantry as part of the development of modernization processes. Copyright © 2019 by Academic Publishing House Researcher s.r.o

The use of natural blueberry dye producing butter cream

Creamy сream - finishing semi-finished product in the manufacture of pastry products. Tinting cream mass in different shades of color can improve the aesthetic appearance of the product appearance and make it more attractive. Natural blueberry anthocyanin dye has antioxidant, anti-cancer, anti-sclerotic, anti-allergic and anti-inflammatory properties, P-vitamin activity. The influence of the content of blueberry dye to change the chromaticity characteristics, organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters, shape keeping capacity, antioxidant activity of the samples of butter cream after manufacture and during storage. Based on the analysis of the results to give a butter cream pleasant pink color can be recommended dosage blueberry dye - 2.5 g / kg, with anthocyanin dye in this case is used as an antioxidant and as its use in the recommended amounts increases the antioxidant activity of 12.5 mg / 100 g (62.8%) (relative to unstained samples cream). Pastry with a creamy semi-finished product, colored with natural blueberry dye, demand on the food market of confectionery products, and they can be recommended as the first baby food, people with lowered immunity, the elderly and mass consumption, as products contain vitamin E - 30 mg / 100 g of product (satisfaction of the daily requirement for vitamin makes - 75%) and a significant amount of antioxidants. The facts make it possible to expand the range of competitive confectionery functionality diversify colors shades of cream, to improve its taste and aroma properties, enhance the nutritional value and shelf life due to the large amount of co-antioxidants

Isotope composition (d18O and dD) of buried firn on the Lens and Amga river plain

Layers of firn related to Karga (MIS 3) and Zyryan (MIS 4) horizons of Late Pleistocene were recovered in the permafrost stratum of Central Yakutia. Imaging points of δ¹⁸O and δD values characterizing the firn horizons are grouping near the line of meteoric water (Craig line). The firn was probably formed from permanent snow patches. The formation of permanent snow patches doesn’t occur at the present time due to climatic reasons – exceeding of evaporation over precipitation as well as high summer temperatures. We suppose that formation of the firn occurred in conditions different from the modern ones, under lower mean annual temperatures and higher humidity

Stress-strain state simulation of non-uniformly heated elements of components and assemblies of automotive

Purpose Develop a method for determining and evaluating the stress-strain state, particularly the distribution of thermomechanical stresses in the materials of individual rotating parts of vehicles. Design/methodology/approach The proposed method is based on the principle of gradual approximations of the solution when the boundary conditions are satisfied on the curvilinear limiting surfaces of the disk body. Findings The proposed method of determining and estimating the distribution of thermomechanical stresses in the disk material makes it possible to take into account the variable geometry: thickness and presence of a hole in the central part of the disk, also correctly determine stress-strain state at any point of unevenly heated rotating axial body. Research limitations/implications The work uses generally accepted assumptions and limitations for thermomechanical calculations. Originality/value It is proved that in real disks, the stress-strain state is spatial, and the well - known method based on the hypotheses of the plane-stress state does not provide the possibility of calculating the values of stresses in the thickness of the disk. The obtained results can be used to improve the methodology of auto technical examination of road accidents. In addition, they can be taken into account by bus drivers on urban routes when choosing a safe distance in heavy traffic, as well as design engineers of car brake systems

Изотопный состав (δ18O и δD) погребённого фирна на Лено-Амгинской равнине

Layers of firn related to Karga (MIS 3) and Zyryan (MIS 4) horizons of Late Pleistocene were recovered in the permafrost stratum of Central Yakutia. Imaging points of δ¹⁸O and δD values characterizing the firn horizons are grouping near the line of meteoric water (Craig line). The firn was probably formed from permanent snow patches. The formation of permanent snow patches doesn’t occur at the present time due to climatic reasons – exceeding of evaporation over precipitation as well as high summer temperatures. We suppose that formation of the firn occurred in conditions different from the modern ones, under lower mean annual temperatures and higher humidity.В Центральной Якутии в толще многолетнемёрзлых отложений вскрыты слои фирна, которые отнесены к каргинскому и зырянскому горизонтам позднего неоплейстоцена. Фигуративные точки величин δ18O и δD этих горизонтов фирна группируются вблизи линии метеорных вод (линии Крейга). Вероятно, фирн образовался из снежников-перелетков. В настоящее время в рассматриваемом районе снежников-перелетков нет, что объясняется климатическими особенностями – превышением испарения над осадками и высокими летними температурами. Предполагается, что фирн вскрытых горизонтов формировался в иных по сравнению с современными климатических условиях: при более низких среднегодовых температурах и более высокой влажности воздуха