Quantification of key developmental risks in Africa

Current research identifies six key developmental risks for Africa: (a) vulnerability of infrastructure, (b) health, (c) education, (d) political and security risk, (e) vulnerability to natural disasters and (f) limitation of access to drinking water and sanitary facilities. Key risks are combined to an integrated risk measure and their impact on 42. African countries is analyzed. Six countries most susceptible to the indicated set of risks are isolated.Визначено шість основних ризиків сталого розвитку Африки: 1) інфраструктура, 2) охорона здоров’я, 3) освіта, 4) політика та держбезпека, 5) природні катаклізми, 6) обмежений доступ до питної води і санітарних засобів. Ці ризики об’єднано поняття єдиного інтегрального ризику. Проаналізовано їх вплив на розвиток 42 країн Африки. Виокремлено шість країн, найбільш вразливих до дії цього набору ризиків.Выделены шесть основных рисков устойчивого развития Африки: 1) инфраструктура, 2) здравоохранение, 3) образование, 4) политика и госбезопасность, 5) природные катаклизмы, 6) ограниченный доступ к питьевой воде и санитарным средствам. Перечисленные риски объединены в понятие единого интегрального риска. Проанализировано их влияние на развитие 42 стран Африки. Выделены шесть стран, наиболее чувствительных к действию этого набора рисков

Composition of aggregate developmental risk index for selected subset of countries in Latin Аmerica

Seven key developmental risks for Latin America are isolated: a) ecology and deforestation, b) natural disasters, c) drugs and crime, d) political stability, e) access to clean drinking water and sanitation facilities, f) health of the population and g) education level of the population. Selected factors are aggregated into an integrated risk index for the twenty three Latin American countries. Countries most susceptible to the indicated set of the threats are identified.Виділено сім ключових ризиків сталого розвитку Латинської Америки: 1) екологія та винищення лісів; 2) природні катаклізми; 3) наркотики та злочинність;4) політика та безпека; 5) обмежений доступ до питної води та санітарні умови; вектор загроз для 23 країн Латинської Америки. Ідентифіковано країни, найбільш вразливі з боку виділеної системи ризиків.Выделены семь ключевых рисков устойчивого развития Латинской Америки: 1) экология и уничтожение лесов; 2) природные катаклизмы; 3) наркотики и преступность; 4) политика и безопасность; 5) ограниченный доступ к питьевой воде и санитарные условия; 6) здравоохранение; 7) уровень образования населения. Риски синтезированы в комплексный вектор угроз для 23 стран Латинской Америки. Идентифицированы страны, наиболее уязвимые со стороны выделенной системы рисков

Immunohistochemical Studies of S-100 Protein During Postnatal Ontogenesis of the Brain of Two Strains of Rats

We have studied the dynamics of the appearance of cells reacting positively with anti-S-100 protein antiserum, during postnatal neurocytogenesis in the brain of rats of two strains differing in their susceptibility to sound stimuli. The postnatal time of appearance of cells reacting positively with anti-S-100 protein antiserum was somewhat later in rats susceptible to sound-induced seizures than in sound-resistant rats. These differences concerned mainly the cerebral cortex of 12-day-old rats. By day 21 of postnatal life these differences had disappeared. In subcortical structures of the brain, S-100 protein was first found on the 4th to the 5th day of life and the rate of appearance of cells containing this protein was similar in the two strains

Forming Estimation Cluster Structures from the Point of View of Competitiveness of Potential of Republic Mary El with the Influence of Economic Sanctions of the West

Now in any social - economic system including in Mary El Republic, the concept of economic development and competitiveness is actual. Quantity and quality growth of clusters in republic is confirmed with viability of the given model of development of business and territory. The cluster approach in system gives a number of advantages (institutional, innovative, increase of efficiency of production activity) for which account probably to achieve increase in economic growth, change of structural shifts of region, increase in volume of involved direct investments, employment solutions of a problem. Effective realisation of cluster structure demands creation of adequate system of monitoring and a realisation estimation of cluster initiatives. Their continuity should be an important condition of functioning of systems of monitoring, i.e. possibility in real time to trace growth and the barriers interfering development of clusters. It is obvious that cluster structures can be formed both within the limits of one industry, and between industries. Availability of close interrelations between region industries - buyers and manufacturers of goods - testifies to communication of the enterprises of the given industries on a chain of creation of value added and reflects possibility synergetic effect at deepening and expansion of their partner relations. Thus, the close connection between industries pledges conditions for forming cluster structures in increase of competitiveness of potential of region. DOI: 10.5901/mjss.2015.v6n3s7p24

Accounting for somatic recombination (mosaicism) in drosophila melanogaster

The relevance of the work is associated with the importance of testing drugs for genotoxicity. The study of mutagenicity of new pharmacological agents and auxiliary components of dosage forms is carried out at the stage of preclinical study of safety of their application. This work provides an assessment of the ability of drugs to induce different types of mutations in embryonic and somatic cells and makes it necessary to use a set of methods performed on different test objects to assess the mutagenic properties of drugs. This eliminates the effect of the drug as a mutagen on the body, prevents unwanted effects on the patient.Актуальность работы связана с важностью тестирования препаратов на генотоксичность. Исследование мутагенности новых фармакологических средств и вспомогательных компонентов лекарственных форм проводится на этапе доклинического изучения безопасности их применения. Эта работа предусматривает оценку способности лекарственных средств к индукции разных типов мутаций в зародышевых и соматических клетках и делает необходимым использование для оценки мутагенных свойств лекарств комплекса методов, выполняемых на разных тест-объектах. Это позволяет исключить влияние препарата в качестве мутагена на организм, предотвращает нежелательные воздействия на пациента

STATE OF MINERAL BONE TISSUE DENSITY IN EMPLOYEES ATTENDING TO SEVEROMUISKI TUNNEL

The results of the examination of employees realizing the exploitation of the Severomuiski distance of railway in serving of the tunnels of the East-Siberian railway concerning studying the state of mineral bone tissue density are presented in this paper. Examined patients (66 men) were divided into two age groups — up to 50 years old. and. older than 50 years old. The double-energetic x-ray absorptiometry (osteodensitometry) was performed. The reduction in the mineral bone tissue density was found to be in both studied groups

СИНТЕЗ АМИНОСОДЕРЖАЩИХ ПОЛИМЕРНЫХ МИКРОСФЕР ЗАТРАВОЧНОЙ СОПОЛИМЕРИЗАЦИЕЙ ДЛЯ ПРИМЕНЕНИЯ В БИОТЕХНОЛОГИИ

This paper presents the results of studies of seed copolymerization of glycidyl methacrylate with ethylene glycol poly(glycidyl methacrylate) on seed particles in order to obtain partially crosslinked polymer microspheres with a diameter of about 3.5 microns for use in immunochemical reactions, as carriers of bioligands. The physico-chemical properties of polymeric microspheres obtained under different conditions were studied by the following methods: the diameters of the particles - by electron scanning and light microscopy; the wetting angle - bу the method of "lying droplets"; the sedimentation velocity - by the macromethod in a capillary tube by the movement of the (polymer slurry)/water phase boundary (buffer solution); the zeta-potential - by dynamic light scattering. Having studied the physical-chemical properties of all polymer slurries we concluded that the optimal particles to create on the basis of their diagnostic test systems with high sensitivity working on the principle of latex agglutination reaction are poly(glycidyl methacrylate) particles with equal percentage of glycidyl methacrylate and ethylene glycol dimethacrylate aminated with hexamethylendiamine in the environment of n-propanol, because they have a sufficient number of amino groups and do not lose their sedimentation properties after all stages of the synthesis.В данной работе представлены результаты по изучению затравочной сополимеризации глицидилметакрилата с этиленгликольдиметакрилатом на затравочных полиглицидилметакрилатных частицах c целью получения частично сшитых полимерных микросфер с диаметром порядка 3.5 мкм для их использования в иммунохимических реакциях в качестве носителей биолигандов. Физико-химические свойства полимерных микросфер, полученных в разных условиях, были изучены следующими методами: диаметры частиц - методами электронной сканирующей и световой микроскопии, краевой угол смачивания - методом «лежащей капли», скорость седиментации - макрометодом в капилляре по движению границы раздела фаз полимерная суспензия/вода (буферный раствор), дзета-потенциал - методом динамического светорассеяния. Изучив физико-химические свойства всех полимерных суспензий, был сделан вывод, что оптимальными частицами для создания на их основе диагностической тест-системы с высокой чувствительностью, работающей по принципу реакции латексной агглютинации, являются полиглицидилметакрилатные частицы с равным процентным содержанием глицидилметакрилата и этиленгликольдиметакрилата, аминированные гексаметилендиамином в среде н-пропанола, так как они обладают достаточным количеством аминогрупп, не теряют седиментационных свойств после всех стадий синтеза

A Multilaboratory Comparison of Calibration Accuracy and the Performance of External References in Analytical Ultracentrifugation

Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) is a first principles based method to determine absolute sedimentation coefficients and buoyant molar masses of macromolecules and their complexes, reporting on their size and shape in free solution. The purpose of this multi-laboratory study was to establish the precision and accuracy of basic data dimensions in AUC and validate previously proposed calibration techniques. Three kits of AUC cell assemblies containing radial and temperature calibration tools and a bovine serum albumin (BSA) reference sample were shared among 67 laboratories, generating 129 comprehensive data sets. These allowed for an assessment of many parameters of instrument performance, including accuracy of the reported scan time after the start of centrifugation, the accuracy of the temperature calibration, and the accuracy of the radial magnification. The range of sedimentation coefficients obtained for BSA monomer in different instruments and using different optical systems was from 3.655 S to 4.949 S, with a mean and standard deviation of (4.304 ± 0.188) S (4.4%). After the combined application of correction factors derived from the external calibration references for elapsed time, scan velocity, temperature, and radial magnification, the range of s-values was reduced 7-fold with a mean of 4.325 S and a 6-fold reduced standard deviation of ± 0.030 S (0.7%). In addition, the large data set provided an opportunity to determine the instrument-to-instrument variation of the absolute radial positions reported in the scan files, the precision of photometric or refractometric signal magnitudes, and the precision of the calculated apparent molar mass of BSA monomer and the fraction of BSA dimers. These results highlight the necessity and effectiveness of independent calibration of basic AUC data dimensions for reliable quantitative studies