128 research outputs found
Drug interactions may be important risk factors for methotrexate neurotoxicity, particularly in pediatric leukemia patients
Purpose: Methotrexate administration is associated with
frequent adverse neurological events during treatment for
childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia. Here, we present
evidence to support the role of common drug interactions
and low vitamin B12 levels in potentiating methotrexate
neurotoxicity.
Methods: We review the published evidence and highlight
key potential drug interactions as well as present clinical
evidence of severe methotrexate neurotoxicity in conjunction
with nitrous oxide anesthesia and measurements of
vitamin B12 levels among pediatric leukemia patients during
therapy.
Results: We describe a very plausible mechanism for
methotrexate neurotoxicity in pediatric leukemia patients
involving reduction in methionine and consequential disruption
of myelin production. We provide evidence that a
number of commonly prescribed drugs in pediatric leukemia
management interact with the same folate biosynthetic
pathways and/or reduce functional vitamin B12 levels and
hence are likely to increase the toxicity of methotrexate in
these patients. We also present a brief case study supporting
out hypothesis that nitrous oxide contributes to methotrexate
neurotoxicity and a nutritional study, showing that
patients.
Conclusions: Use of nitrous oxide in pediatric leukemia
patients at the same time as methotrexate use should be
avoided especially as many suitable alternative anesthetic
agents exist. Clinicians should consider monitoring levels
of vitamin B12 in patients suspected of having methotrexate-
induced neurotoxic effects
Reply: Methotrexate neurotoxicity due to drug interactions: an inadequate folinic acid effect
No abstract available
De Litteris
This book is drawn from a series of annual faculty lectures at Connecticut College. The contents are Some Philosophical Remarks About Poetry, Robert W. Jordan Linguistics and Rhetoric, Eugene P. Cognon Literary Problems in Interpreting Paul\u27s Letters, Gordon P. Wiles Iris Sacred and Profane: the Philosopher as Novelist, Susan M. Woody Toward an American Epic: Four Poets, James R. Baird 1100 A.D.: A Crisis for Us?, F. Edward Cranz Of Messages and Messengers, Marijan Despalotovichttps://digitalcommons.conncoll.edu/ccbooks/1006/thumbnail.jp
Seeking and sharing: why the pulmonaryn fibrosis community engages the web 2.0 environment
Background
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a rare, progressive disease that affects patients and their loved ones on many levels. We sought to better understand the needs and interests of PF patients and their loved ones (collectively “reader-participants”) by systematically analyzing their engagement with the World Wide Web (the current version referred to as Web 2.0).
Methods
Data were collected from three PF-focused, interactive websites hosted by physician-investigators with expertise in PF. All data generated by reader-participants for approximately 10 months were downloaded and then analyzed using qualitative content analysis methods.
Results
PF experts posted 38 blog entries and reader-participants posted 40 forum entries. Blogs received 363 responses, and forum entries received 108 responses from reader-participants. Reader-participants primarily used the three websites to seek information from or offer a contribution to the PF community. Information was sought about PF symptoms, diagnosis, prognosis, treatments, research, pathophysiology, and disease origin; reader-participants also made requests for new posts and pleas for research and sought clarification on existing content. Contributions included personal narratives about experiences with PF, descriptions of activities or behaviors found to be helpful with PF symptoms, resources or information about PF, and supportive comments to other PF sufferers.
Conclusions
PF patients and their loved ones engage the Web 2.0 environment at these PF-focused sites to satisfy their needs to better understand PF and its impacts and to support others facing similar challenges. Clinicians may find it beneficial to encourage PF patients’ involvement in internet forums that foster dynamic, bi-directional information sharing
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Individual common variants exert weak effects on the risk for autism spectrum disorders.
While it is apparent that rare variation can play an important role in the genetic architecture of autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), the contribution of common variation to the risk of developing ASD is less clear. To produce a more comprehensive picture, we report Stage 2 of the Autism Genome Project genome-wide association study, adding 1301 ASD families and bringing the total to 2705 families analysed (Stages 1 and 2). In addition to evaluating the association of individual single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), we also sought evidence that common variants, en masse, might affect the risk. Despite genotyping over a million SNPs covering the genome, no single SNP shows significant association with ASD or selected phenotypes at a genome-wide level. The SNP that achieves the smallest P-value from secondary analyses is rs1718101. It falls in CNTNAP2, a gene previously implicated in susceptibility for ASD. This SNP also shows modest association with age of word/phrase acquisition in ASD subjects, of interest because features of language development are also associated with other variation in CNTNAP2. In contrast, allele scores derived from the transmission of common alleles to Stage 1 cases significantly predict case status in the independent Stage 2 sample. Despite being significant, the variance explained by these allele scores was small (Vm< 1%). Based on results from individual SNPs and their en masse effect on risk, as inferred from the allele score results, it is reasonable to conclude that common variants affect the risk for ASD but their individual effects are modest
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BioTIME: A database of biodiversity time series for the Anthropocene.
MotivationThe BioTIME database contains raw data on species identities and abundances in ecological assemblages through time. These data enable users to calculate temporal trends in biodiversity within and amongst assemblages using a broad range of metrics. BioTIME is being developed as a community-led open-source database of biodiversity time series. Our goal is to accelerate and facilitate quantitative analysis of temporal patterns of biodiversity in the Anthropocene.Main types of variables includedThe database contains 8,777,413 species abundance records, from assemblages consistently sampled for a minimum of 2 years, which need not necessarily be consecutive. In addition, the database contains metadata relating to sampling methodology and contextual information about each record.Spatial location and grainBioTIME is a global database of 547,161 unique sampling locations spanning the marine, freshwater and terrestrial realms. Grain size varies across datasets from 0.0000000158 km2 (158 cm2) to 100 km2 (1,000,000,000,000 cm2).Time period and grainBioTIME records span from 1874 to 2016. The minimal temporal grain across all datasets in BioTIME is a year.Major taxa and level of measurementBioTIME includes data from 44,440 species across the plant and animal kingdoms, ranging from plants, plankton and terrestrial invertebrates to small and large vertebrates.Software format.csv and .SQL
Sensory Communication
Contains table of contents for Section 2 and reports on five research projects.National Institutes of Health Contract 2 R01 DC00117National Institutes of Health Contract 1 R01 DC02032National Institutes of Health Contract 2 P01 DC00361National Institutes of Health Contract N01 DC22402National Institutes of Health Grant R01-DC001001National Institutes of Health Grant R01-DC00270National Institutes of Health Grant 5 R01 DC00126National Institutes of Health Grant R29-DC00625U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-88-K-0604U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-91-J-1454U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-92-J-1814U.S. Navy - Naval Air Warfare Center Training Systems Division Contract N61339-94-C-0087U.S. Navy - Naval Air Warfare Center Training System Division Contract N61339-93-C-0055U.S. Navy - Office of Naval Research Grant N00014-93-1-1198National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Ames Research Center Grant NCC 2-77
Individual common variants exert weak effects on the risk for autism spectrum disorders
While it is apparent that rare variation can play an important role in the genetic architecture of autism spectrum disorders (ASD), the contribution of common variation to ASD risk is less clear. To produce a more comprehensive picture, we report Stage 2 of the Autism Genome Project genome-wide association study, adding 1301 ASD families and bringing the total to 2705 families analysed (Stages 1 and 2). In addition to evaluating association of individual SNPs, we also sought evidence that common variants, en masse, might affect risk. Despite genotyping over a million SNPs covering the genome, no single SNP shows significant association with ASD or selected phenotypes at a genome-wide level. The SNP that achieves the smallest p-value from secondary analyses is rs1718101. It falls in CNTNAP2, a gene previously implicated in susceptibility for ASD. This SNP also shows modest association with age of word/phrase acquisition in ASD subjects, of interest because features of language development are also associated with other variation in CNTNAP2. By contrast, allele-scores derived from the transmission of common alleles to Stage 1 cases significantly predict case-status in the independent Stage 2 sample. Despite being significant, the variance explained by these allele scores was small (Vm< 1%). Based on results from individual SNPs and their en masse effect on risk, as inferred from the allele-score results, it is reasonable to conclude that common variants affect ASD risk but their individual effects are modest
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