Influence copolymers of ethylene with vinyl acetate on the physicochemical properties of Bitumen

The results of experiments are presented concerning the modification of road bitumen by ethylene copolymer with vinyl acetate (EVA). This polymeric additive make a strong structure-forming influence on bitumen. At that the penetration value changes most rapidly at 25 °C. The higher the concentration of copolymer and the content of the ester groups in it, the less the penetration depth of the binder needle. The introduction of excess amount of copolymers with vinyl acetate groups develops a spatial structure conjugated with asphaltene associates, and providing the stability of all bitumen heterogeneous system. The reduction of elongation and brittleness temperature is revealed at the introduction of low molecular EVA, which allows to obtain the binders with improved low temperature properties. The most intensive change of properties is achieved by the introduction of EVA into bitumen with the molecular weight of 25,000, which is manifested in softening temperature increase with brittleness temperature reduction, and the extension of plasticity range by 8-20 °C. At the same time the introduction of granulated EVA into bitumen with high molecular weight leads to a significant increase of softening and brittleness temperature and ductility interval decrease. The study results showed that the bituminous compositions modified by EVA with a high content of vinyl acetate groups are somewhat inferior to the softening temperature and the extensibility of the compositions, modified by EVA with a low content of ester groups, because of the greater initial plasticity of the copolymer in the second case

Study of the rheological properties of heat-treatment products of asphaltic oils in the presence of rock-forming minerals

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York. The heat-treatment mechanisms of superviscous oil in the presence of naturally occurring catalysts (carbonate rock, alumina, etc.) and carboxylic acid at 290-360°C and 1-1.4 MPa pressure are studied. Analysis of the component composition of the transformed oil indicates the predominance of polycondensation reactions over cracking reactions. Based on IR spectroscopic data, the products are characterized, vis-à-vis the original oil, by reduced content of branched structures and sulfoxide groups. The transformed oil samples differ in the temperature at which the viscosity anomaly index more than doubles. The viscosity of the conversion product can be higher or lower than that of the original oil, depending on the process temperature and the type of the mineral catalytic additive

The study of solid high-molecular paraffin hydrocarbons in crude oils

© Research India Publications. Information about the composition, structure and properties of high-molecular paraffin hydrocarbons is of great importance for understanding the phenomena of structuring oil disperse systems, changing their viscosity properties, as well as practical problems associated with the extraction and transportation of paraffin oils, for the development of physico-chemical and chemical methods of controlling asphaltene tar-paraffine deposits. In this connection, advanced study of their influence on the properties of oil disperse systems is essential. The article studies the high-molecular compounds of paraffin hydrocarbons in the crude oils and their components, assesses their quantitative content and impact on the physical and chemical properties of crude oils, reveals the features of the composition of asphaltene resin-paraffine deposits conditioned by different content of high-molecular paraffin hydrocarbons in them. It has been determined by the method of differential scanning calorimetry the presence of alkanes in asphaltenes of oils. It has been found that high-molecular alkanes in oils structure dispersion medium or concentrate in the resin-asphaltene components, which defines different mechanisms of formation of the viscous properties of crude oils

Modification of Petroleum Bitumen by Oxygen-Containing Compounds and Transition Metal Oxides

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York The patterns of change in component and structural-group composition of bituminous binders modified by oxygen-containing compounds and finely dispersed Mn (II) oxide are determined. Manganese ions, taking part in high-temperature oxidation-reduction reactions of modifier compounds containing acyl radicals and double bonds, are capable of forming oxy-radicals in the presence of air oxygen. The content of alcohol-benzene resins, aromatic structures, and carbonyl groups increases in the samples. The obtained samples of modified binders have improved adhesive and low-temperature properties, which allow production of high-strength asphalt concrete surfacings

Influence copolymers of ethylene with vinyl acetate on the physicochemical properties of Bitumen

The results of experiments are presented concerning the modification of road bitumen by ethylene copolymer with vinyl acetate (EVA). This polymeric additive make a strong structure-forming influence on bitumen. At that the penetration value changes most rapidly at 25 °C. The higher the concentration of copolymer and the content of the ester groups in it, the less the penetration depth of the binder needle. The introduction of excess amount of copolymers with vinyl acetate groups develops a spatial structure conjugated with asphaltene associates, and providing the stability of all bitumen heterogeneous system. The reduction of elongation and brittleness temperature is revealed at the introduction of low molecular EVA, which allows to obtain the binders with improved low temperature properties. The most intensive change of properties is achieved by the introduction of EVA into bitumen with the molecular weight of 25,000, which is manifested in softening temperature increase with brittleness temperature reduction, and the extension of plasticity range by 8-20 °C. At the same time the introduction of granulated EVA into bitumen with high molecular weight leads to a significant increase of softening and brittleness temperature and ductility interval decrease. The study results showed that the bituminous compositions modified by EVA with a high content of vinyl acetate groups are somewhat inferior to the softening temperature and the extensibility of the compositions, modified by EVA with a low content of ester groups, because of the greater initial plasticity of the copolymer in the second case

The study of solid high-molecular paraffin hydrocarbons in crude oils

© Research India Publications. Information about the composition, structure and properties of high-molecular paraffin hydrocarbons is of great importance for understanding the phenomena of structuring oil disperse systems, changing their viscosity properties, as well as practical problems associated with the extraction and transportation of paraffin oils, for the development of physico-chemical and chemical methods of controlling asphaltene tar-paraffine deposits. In this connection, advanced study of their influence on the properties of oil disperse systems is essential. The article studies the high-molecular compounds of paraffin hydrocarbons in the crude oils and their components, assesses their quantitative content and impact on the physical and chemical properties of crude oils, reveals the features of the composition of asphaltene resin-paraffine deposits conditioned by different content of high-molecular paraffin hydrocarbons in them. It has been determined by the method of differential scanning calorimetry the presence of alkanes in asphaltenes of oils. It has been found that high-molecular alkanes in oils structure dispersion medium or concentrate in the resin-asphaltene components, which defines different mechanisms of formation of the viscous properties of crude oils

The study of solid high-molecular paraffin hydrocarbons in crude oils

© Research India Publications. Information about the composition, structure and properties of high-molecular paraffin hydrocarbons is of great importance for understanding the phenomena of structuring oil disperse systems, changing their viscosity properties, as well as practical problems associated with the extraction and transportation of paraffin oils, for the development of physico-chemical and chemical methods of controlling asphaltene tar-paraffine deposits. In this connection, advanced study of their influence on the properties of oil disperse systems is essential. The article studies the high-molecular compounds of paraffin hydrocarbons in the crude oils and their components, assesses their quantitative content and impact on the physical and chemical properties of crude oils, reveals the features of the composition of asphaltene resin-paraffine deposits conditioned by different content of high-molecular paraffin hydrocarbons in them. It has been determined by the method of differential scanning calorimetry the presence of alkanes in asphaltenes of oils. It has been found that high-molecular alkanes in oils structure dispersion medium or concentrate in the resin-asphaltene components, which defines different mechanisms of formation of the viscous properties of crude oils

Influence copolymers of ethylene with vinyl acetate on the physicochemical properties of Bitumen

The results of experiments are presented concerning the modification of road bitumen by ethylene copolymer with vinyl acetate (EVA). This polymeric additive make a strong structure-forming influence on bitumen. At that the penetration value changes most rapidly at 25 °C. The higher the concentration of copolymer and the content of the ester groups in it, the less the penetration depth of the binder needle. The introduction of excess amount of copolymers with vinyl acetate groups develops a spatial structure conjugated with asphaltene associates, and providing the stability of all bitumen heterogeneous system. The reduction of elongation and brittleness temperature is revealed at the introduction of low molecular EVA, which allows to obtain the binders with improved low temperature properties. The most intensive change of properties is achieved by the introduction of EVA into bitumen with the molecular weight of 25,000, which is manifested in softening temperature increase with brittleness temperature reduction, and the extension of plasticity range by 8-20 °C. At the same time the introduction of granulated EVA into bitumen with high molecular weight leads to a significant increase of softening and brittleness temperature and ductility interval decrease. The study results showed that the bituminous compositions modified by EVA with a high content of vinyl acetate groups are somewhat inferior to the softening temperature and the extensibility of the compositions, modified by EVA with a low content of ester groups, because of the greater initial plasticity of the copolymer in the second case

Modification of Petroleum Bitumen by Oxygen-Containing Compounds and Transition Metal Oxides

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York The patterns of change in component and structural-group composition of bituminous binders modified by oxygen-containing compounds and finely dispersed Mn (II) oxide are determined. Manganese ions, taking part in high-temperature oxidation-reduction reactions of modifier compounds containing acyl radicals and double bonds, are capable of forming oxy-radicals in the presence of air oxygen. The content of alcohol-benzene resins, aromatic structures, and carbonyl groups increases in the samples. The obtained samples of modified binders have improved adhesive and low-temperature properties, which allow production of high-strength asphalt concrete surfacings

Study of the rheological properties of heat-treatment products of asphaltic oils in the presence of rock-forming minerals

© 2015 Springer Science+Business Media New York. The heat-treatment mechanisms of superviscous oil in the presence of naturally occurring catalysts (carbonate rock, alumina, etc.) and carboxylic acid at 290-360°C and 1-1.4 MPa pressure are studied. Analysis of the component composition of the transformed oil indicates the predominance of polycondensation reactions over cracking reactions. Based on IR spectroscopic data, the products are characterized, vis-à-vis the original oil, by reduced content of branched structures and sulfoxide groups. The transformed oil samples differ in the temperature at which the viscosity anomaly index more than doubles. The viscosity of the conversion product can be higher or lower than that of the original oil, depending on the process temperature and the type of the mineral catalytic additive