Properties of Concrete using Tanjung Bin Power Plant Coal Bottom Ash and Fly Ash

Coal combustion by-products (CCPs) have been around since man understood that burning coal generates electricity, and its utilization in concrete production for nearly a century. The concept of sustainable development only reawaken our consciousness to the huge amount of CCPs around us and the need for proper reutilization than the current method of disposal which has  severe consequences both to man and the environment. This paper presents the result of utilization of waste from thermal power plants to improve some engineering properties of concrete. Coal bottom ash (CBA) and fly ash were utilized in partial replacement for fine aggregates and cement respectively. The results of compressive strength at 7, 28, 56 & 90 days curing are presented because of the pozzolanic reaction. Other properties investigated include physical properties, fresh concrete properties and density. The results showed that for a grade 35 concrete with a combination of CBA and fly ash can produce 28 day strength above 30 MPa

Potential Use of Malaysian Thermal Power Plants Coal Bottom Ash in Construction

As Malaysia focuses its attention to the call for a “greener” culture, so did the engineers and those in the scientific community especially the construction industry who is a major contributor to the depletion of green house gases. The engineering and construction community has now taken up the challenge for the use of “green and recycled by-products” in construction. One of those by-products is the Coal Bottom Ash (CBA) from thermal power plants that faces an increasing production running into hundreds of thousand tonnes in Malaysia alone, and its method of disposal is relegated to landfills alone with no other commercial usage. The construction industry is now forced to rethink on the utilization of the industrial by-products as supplementary materials due to the continuous depletion of natural aggregates in construction. A significant amount of research has been conducted elsewhere on CBA to ascertain its pozzolanic activity, compressive strength in concrete and mortar, durability, water absorption characteristics and density, in order to ensure its usage as a construction material. In this paper, a critical review of the strength characteristics of concrete and mortar as influenced by CBA as partial replacement of fine aggregate is presented based on the available information in the published literatures. Diverse physical and chemical properties of CBA from different power plants in Malaysia are also presented. The influence of different types, amounts and sources of CBA on the strength and bulk density of concrete is discussed. The setting time, workability and consistency as well as the advantages and disadvantages of using CBA in construction materials are also highlighted. An effective utilization of CBA in construction materials will significantly reduce the accumulation of the by-products in landfills and thus reduce environmental pollution

Comprehensive simulation of adjustable welding jig through ASIE model in refrigeration and air conditioning workshop

Welding job involves a number of different tools and it is very common to use welding jigs on a project due to their strength and dependability. However, most of the welders used only brick, cast iron or G clamp for welding purposes that can be very risky and ineffective as the welding workpiece needs to be tightly secured because welding work can be very dangerous if the workpiece falls, despite the lowering of the welding accuracy. Thus, the objectives of this study are to design and develop a simulation for adjustable welding jigs through ASIE model application in refrigeration and air conditioning workshop and test its functionality using the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). The design and development process through the ASIE model consists of four phases, namely analysis, strategy, implementation and evaluation. This study used a design and development (DDR) research design that involved quantitative data in which the experts in the welding industry assess the product’s functionality through questionnaires. The population and sampling were selected randomly through the purposive sampling method in order to determine the respondents of the study. Overall, the documented experts’ evaluation explains the strengths and advantages in the design of the product. In addition, these adjustable welding jigs have made welding jobs easier, quicker, more accurate, comfortable and cost-efficient