Aharonov-Bohm differential conductance modulation in defective metallic single-wall carbon nanotubes

Using a perturbative approach, the effects of the energy gap induced by the Aharonov-Bohm (AB) flux on the transport properties of defective metallic single-walled carbon nanotubes (MSWCNTs) are investigated. The electronic waves scattered back and forth by a pair of impurities give rise to Fabry-Perot oscillations which constitutes a coherent backscattering interference pattern (CBSIP). It is shown that, the CBSIP is aperiodically modulated by applying a magnetic field parallel to the nanotube axis. In fact, the AB-flux brings this CBSIP under control by an additional phase shift. As a consequence, the extrema as well as zeros of the CBSIP are located at the irrational fractions of the quantity $\Phi_\rho={\Phi}/{\Phi_0}$, where $\Phi$ is the flux piercing the nanotube cross section and $\Phi_{0}=h/e$ is the magnetic quantum flux. Indeed, the spacing between two adjacent extrema in the magneto-differential conductance (MDC) profile is decreased with increasing the magnetic field. The faster and higher and slower and shorter variations is then obtained by metallic zigzag and armchair nanotubes, respectively. Such results propose that defective metallic nanotubes could be used as magneto-conductance switching devices based on the AB effect.Comment: 11 pages, 4 figure

Iris segmentation using a non-decimated wavelet transform

This paper presents an iris segmentation algorithm. The proposed technique applies a histogram based method on the input eye image extracting a point within the pupil. The image is then intensity sampled over M equiangular radial scan line, generating M 1-dimensional signals. A Fuzzy multi-scale edge detection algorithm is then applied to each of the resulting radii signals, to accurately detect and locate one positive edge point from the signal. A uniform cubic B-spline approximation method is further applied to the detected edges determining the iris outer boundary. The histogram of the area within the extracted outer iris bondary of the eye image is finaly used to extract the pupil outer bondary. Experimental results on a number of eye test images taken under visible wavelenght from UBIRISv.1 and UBIRISv.2 databases show that the proposed segmentation method accurately extracts the iris boundaries

Global stability of a jet in crossflow

International audienceA linear stability analysis shows that the jet in crossflow is characterized by self-sustained global oscillations for a jet-to-crossflow velocity ratio of 3. A fully three-dimensional unstable steady-state solution and its associated global eigenmodes are computed by direct numerical simulations and iterative eigenvalue routines. The steady flow, obtained by means of selective frequency damping, consists mainly of a (steady) counter-rotating vortex pair (CVP) in the far field and horseshoe-shaped vortices close to the wall. High-frequency unstable global eigenmodes associated with shear-layer instabilities on the CVP and low-frequency modes associated with shedding vortices in the wake of the jet are identified. Furthermore, different spanwise symmetries of the global modes are discussed. This work constitutes the first simulation-based global stability analysis of a fully three-dimensional base flow. © 2009 Cambridge University Press

An experimental investigation of the independent effect of suction and degree of saturation on very small-strain stiffness of unsaturated sand

The paper presents an experimental investigation of very small strain stiffness of unsaturated sand. A triaxial test apparatus was equipped with bender elements and compression discs in order to assess the stiffness at very small strains by measuring the velocity of propagation of shear and compression waves through an unsaturated sample. The negative water column method was adopted to apply suction at the base of the sample. The experiments were designed to investigate the independent effect of suction and degree of saturation on the wave propagation velocities. This was achieved by testing the sand sample on both the drying and wetting path