Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on the utilization of ART Centre Services of a teaching hospital

Background- COVID-19 pandemic has had a huge impact on the collateral health system. It made access to essential health services difficult. Such an essential service is a service provided to HIV patients. This study was planned to assess the effect of the current COVID-19 pandemic on Anti-Retroviral therapy (ART) center services. Methods -Pre-recorded epidemiological data from an ART center of a teaching hospital was used to answer the research question. Data was collected for retrieving 4 parameters i.e. number of registrations, number of HIV-positive patients kept on ART, number of deaths, and loss to follow up of the COVID-19 year and non-COVID-19 year then comparison was made between both. Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS. Independent t-test, one-way ANOVA test, and multiple comparison Tuckey’s test were applied. Results- Statistically significant difference was noted in the total number of registrations, the number of patients kept on ART, death, and loss to follow-up in non- COVID-19 & COVID-19 years.  After appling above mentioned statistical test the p-value came out to be <0.05. Conclusion-COVID-19 pandemic has adversely affected the auxiliary non-COVID-19 health services and health programs. The current study gives evidence that ART functioning is negatively affected by the COVID-19 pandemic

Prevalence of lifestyle diseases among Hindu priests of Central India

Background: Major risk factors for lifestyle diseases are present with priest’s lifestyle. Daily responsibility of priests includes, sitting mostly for long working hours & taking high calorie diet in form of Prasad. Predisposition to these may give rise to lifestyle diseases. Aim: To assess prevalence of lifestyle diseases (obesity & hypertension) among Hindu priests Method: A cross-sectional study done. Total sample size was 440. Simple random sampling was done. A pre-tested and semi-structured questionnaire contained Physical activity level (GPPAQ) & daily dietary calorie intake (24-hour recall). BMI & BP was measured. Results: Mean systolic & diastolic blood pressure of study participants were 131.25 ± 14.4 & 88.16 ± 10.4 respectively. 149(33.9%) of study participant were normal, 127(28.9%) High Normal, 108(24.5%) Grade 1 Hypertension, 32 (7.3%) in Grade 2 Hypertension& 24 (5.5%) were Optimal. Mean BMI of participants was 22.6 (SD ± 3.9). 277(63.0%) were normal, 88(20.0%) Pre-Obese, 47(10.7%) Underweight, 24(5.5% Obese Class I & 4 (0.9%) with Obese Class II. 188(42.7%) of study participant were inactive, 104(23.6%) moderately active, 88(20.0%) moderately inactive & 60(13.6) active. 224(50.9%) of study participant were having calorie intake over of recommended value, 176(40.0%) adequate intake & 40(9.1%) were deficient in their daily calorie intake. Statistically significant association was seen between hypertension with Obesity & Physical activity. Conclusion: Priests have an inactive lifestyle with high daily calorie intake which resulted in lifestyle diseases like obesity (6%) & hypertension (32%).   Key words: Priest, Obesity, Hypertension, level of physical activity, Ujjain

Assessment of level of satisfaction and depression among front-line warriors serving in a red zone covid-19 hospital in central India

Background: Covid -19 is a global health crisis of this century. Our battle against covid 19 is based mainly on front-line warriors. Their job profile has placed frontline workers under immense and unprecedented pressure, putting their mental well-being at stake. They are working in resource limited conditions. Mental stress and unsatisfaction is expected among them. It should be effectively recognised and handled. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted in a covid care center of a teaching hospital to assess the level of satisfaction and presence of depression among front line warriors. Google form was use to collect data. Results: Approximately 87%, 79%, 61%,100% & 86% participants were not satisfied by PPE, stay, food, wadges, security and financial security respectively provided them while performing covid duties. Half of them (50%) had depression. Statistically significant association was found between presence of depression and age, sex, residence, marital status, family type. Conclusion: Depression and unsatisfaction was prevalent finding among front line warriors. Inappropriate response and attitude towards them will bring fatigue and refectory attitude among them. Their needs and unsatisfaction should be delt while policy making

Evaluation of differences between socio demographic profile and recovery rate of symtomatic and asymptomatic patients of COVID 19 in tribal district of Rajasthan

Introduction:For COVID-19, data to date suggest that 80% of infections are mild or asymptomatic, 15% are severe infection, requiring oxygen and 5% are critical infections, requiring ventilation.So this study aimed to find out the difference between Sociodemographic profile and recovery rate of such patients. Material and methodology; A hospital based cross sectional study was conducted in Dungarpur District among Covid 19 patients for one month and 150 patients were selected.Results; Chi square and p value suggest that Category moderate to severe symptomatic COVID 19 patients belonged to >60 yr age group and <15 year age group, non tribal, upper class. Majority of them were tobacco abuser and had comorbidities with recovery rate of 20 days. While Covid 19 patients having no symptoms and mild symptoms had 14 days recovery rate

Knowledge Attitude Practice study regarding Mosquitoes spreading Malaria and Dengue and their prevention in field practice area of Index Medical College Hospital Research Centre, Indore

Background: Malaria and Dengue are two important mosquito borne diseases but in recent past the incidence of Malaria has decreased while Dengue incidence was increased. Reasons behind this contrast change in the incidence should be evaluated. Methods: Cross sectional community based study was conducted to evaluate the KAP regarding Malaria and Dengue spreading mosquito and their prevention on 515 participants.KAP level, difference in KAP regarding Malaria and Dengue spreading mosquito, association of socio-demographic factors with KAP and co relation of Knowledge with Attitude and practice were evaluated. Chi square test, paired t –test and co-relation test were applied for analysis. Results: Overall Knowledge, Attitude and Practices of participants regarding Malaria and Dengue spreading mosquitoes were low .Statistically significant better knowledge, Attitude and Practices scores were noted for Malaria spreading mosquitoes as compared to Dengue spreading mosquitoes. Occupation, Education, SES, and type of family were the important socio-demographic factors which were found to be significantly associated with Knowledge Attitude and Practices of participants. Positive co relation was found between Knowledge, Attitude and Practices. Conclusion: KAP regarding Malaria and Dengue spreading mosquitoes were not found satisfactory. Difference in bionomics and preventive measures for Malaria and Dengue spreading mosquitoes should be convey to public by health education. Socio-economic development, increase knowledge level of population can help in reducing the incidence of Malaria as well as Dengue

AN OBSERVATIONAL STUDY TO ASSESS THE ADVERSE DRUG REACTION OF ANTI-ASTHMATIC DRUGS AMONG ADULTS IN WESTERN RAJASTHAN

Background: Asthma is one of the most common chronic illness worldwide. For prevention of exacerbations, patients of bronchial asthma are kept on long-term treatment that is why they are amenable for adverse drug reactions (ADRs). The study was planned to monitor ADRs with intervention of anti-asthmatic drugs in adults visited in medicine outpatient or admitted in inpatient department of a tertiary care teaching hospital. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 340 asthma patients in collaboration with Department of Medicine for duration of 12 months. Information of patients was collected with the help of semi-structured case record form ADRs along with interventions given that were also recorded. Results: Data analysis was done with the help of SPSS version20.0. Fisher exact test was applied. A total of 340 patients were enrolled in the study. The highest numbers of ADRs were observed with Salbutamol (34.78%). The highest ADRs were noted with Beta2 agonists class of drugs. The main ADRs noted were headache followed by tremors and oral thrush. Statistically significant association was found between presence of ADRs and severity of asthma. Conclusion: Identifying any possible connection between a presenting complaint and drug used is crucial to reduce the risk of ADRs in the future. Appropriate monitoring of ADRs is a key for this. Reduction in ADRs will improve the compliance of patient and ultimately their clinical outcome

Evaluation of selected NRCs in treating SAM children: prospective study of Ujjain

Background: Malnutrition is a silent emergency especially in developing countries. Severe Acute Malnutrition (SAM) is a major cause of mortality in under five children, as children with SAM 9 times more likely to die than well nourish children. There is a need to treat SAM Proactively. Method: Follow up study was planned to inquire the impact of nutritional intervention on the physical parameters of admitted SAM children in two selected NRCs. Information was collected with the help of semi structured proforma. Data was collected for 3 months and each SAM child was followed up to 90 days for 6 points of time. Total sample size of 98 SAM children was taken. Results:Analysis was done with the help of SPSS version 20. ANOVA test, Tukey’s multiple comparison test and Correlation were applied to demonstrate the significance between variables. Statistical significant changes in weight and MUAC were observed. Most significant change from starting weight & MUAC was observed at 3rd follow up. Conclusion:NRCs seem to be a promising approach in rehabilitating SAM children. Current study also added good evidence to favor above statement.Achieving long lasting improvement is our ultimate goal. Keywords: Severe Acute Malnutrition, Nutritional Rehabilitation Center, Impact

Invasive cranial mycosis our experiences

Fungi can cause serious cranial infections in immunocompromised and diabetic patients. Common pathogens mainly include Aspergillus and Mucor. These organisms cause tissue invasion and destruction of adjacent structures (e.g. orbit, ethmoid, sphenoid, maxillary & cavernous sinuses). Mortality and morbidity rate is high despite combined surgical, antifungal and antidiabetic treatment. We present our experience of six cases with such infection