55 research outputs found
The physiological basis of species variations in the oral bioavailability and disposition of drugs
No Abstract Available
JASSA: Journal of Applied Science in Southern Africa Vol.8(2) 2002: 99-11
Organic Acid Concentrations in Amniotic Fluid Found in Normal and Down Syndrome Pregnancies
Efficacy of intra-muscular analgesics for acute pain in sheep
The analgesic action of intramuscularly injected buprenorphine, methadone, flunixin meglumine and xylazine was examined in sheep, using algesimetry based on a leg withdrawal response to an electrical stimulus. No analgesic response was detected for buprenorphine, methadone or flunixin meglumine. Only the alpha 2-adrenoceptor agonist, xylazine, produced an analgesic response. The current required to elicit a response increased by 170% (4.5 +/- 0.43 mA to 12.23 +/- 1.14 mA; mean +/- SE) after a dose of 0.05 mg/kg xylazine; by 180% (4.73 +/- 0.3 mA to 13.28 +/- 2.35 mA) after 0.1 mg/kg and by 510% (4.52 +/- 0.29 mA to 27.63 +/- 3.89 mA) after 0.2 mg/kg. Intramuscular xylazine appears to be an effective analgesic agent for acute pain in the sheep and further investigation into ideal administration regimens and dosage may provide more detailed information on relationships between dose, analgesic and sedative effects. The findings also suggest that some common analgesic agents, and opioids in particular, may be ineffective for the management of acute pain in sheep and that any analgesic should be administered only on the basis of its proven efficacy in that species
Programs for surveillance and monitoring of antibacterial residues in Australia, 1989 to 1993
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