Recent Updates on the Association Between Alzheimer's Disease and Vascular Dementia

The two most common forms of dementia are Alzheimer's disease (AD) followed by vascular dementia (VaD), together accounting for a whopping 60-80% of total dementia cases worldwide. Even though these diseases are recognized as 'common', they still remain underdiagnosed. Recent research suggests that AD and VaD are closely intertwined. The symptoms of AD and VaD can be similar and the two conditions can occur simultaneously. A large number of patients diagnosed with AD have also been reported with VaD-caused brain damage. Moreover, both the diseases have been reported to have similar risk factors. The overlap between these diseases is important because the lifestyle changes and medications prescribed to curb one of these diseases may also help curb the other. In the present review, we present an inclusive outline of the parallelism between AD and VaD by exploring potential commonalities at the mechanistic and therapeutic levels

Unruptured intracranial aneurysm presenting with epiletic seizure Epilepsia secundária a aneurisma cerebral não roto

Intracranial aneurysms are frequently present with subarachnoid hemorrhage.Less often they produce suggestive symptoms of cranial nerve dysfunction or intracranial tumor when very large. Their association with epilepsy has rarely been reported; such concurrence may not be a coincidence. When the patient presents with epileptiforme attacks the presence of an intracranial aneurysm is rarely considered. In this paper we report the case of a 45-years-old patient with an unruptured aneurysm of the middle cerebral artery with a 10 years history of epileptic seizure.<br>Aneurismas intracranianos freqüentemente se apresentam com hemorragia subaracnóidea quando rotos, porém quando gigantes sangram com menor freqüência e se comportam como verdadeiros tumores, comprimindo estruturas cerebrais adjacentes, apresentando sintomatologia peculiar. Relatamos o caso de um paciente de 45 anos que apresentava crises convulsivas generalizadas com evolução de 10 anos. A investigação radiológica revelou presença de aneurisma gigante da artéria cerebral média, não roto. É realizada revisão da literatura correlacionando a presença de aneurismas não rotos e epilepsia, pois esta associação é pouco freqüente na literatura