3 research outputs found

    The Erythropoietin Promoter Variant rs1617640 Is Not Associated with Severe Retinopathy of Prematurity, Independent of Treatment with Erythropoietin

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    In this case-control study, the erythropoietin (EPO) promoter variant s1617640, linked to high intravitreal EPO concentrations and increased risk of diabetic retinopathy, was not associated with severe retinopathy of prematurity. This finding was observed both in infants with and without recombinant EPO administration

    Pooling, room temperature, and extended storage time increase the release of adult‐specific biologic response modifiers in platelet concentrates: a hidden transfusion risk for neonates?

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    BACKGROUND: Adult donor platelets (PLTs) are frequently transfused to prevent or stop bleeding in neonates with thrombocytopenia. There is evidence for PLT transfusion-related morbidity and mortality, leading to the hypothesis on immunomodulatory effects of transfusing adult PLTs into neonates. Candidate factors are biologic response modifiers (BRMs) that are expressed at higher rates in adult than in neonatal PLTs. This study investigated whether storage conditions or preparation methods impact on the release of those differentially expressed BRMs. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS: Pooled PLT concentrates (PCs) and apheresis PCs (APCs) were stored under agitation for up to 7 days at room temperature (RT) or at 2 to 8 degrees C. The BRMs CCL5/RANTES, TGF beta 1, TSP1, and DKK1 were measured in PCs' supernatant, lysate, and corresponding plasma. PLT function was assessed by light transmission aggregometry. RESULTS: Concerning the preparation method, higher concentrations of DKK1 were found in pooled PCs compared to APCs. In supernatants, the concentrations of CCL5, TGF beta 1, TSP1, and DKK1 significantly increased, both over standard (≀ 4 days) and over extended storage times (7 days). Each of the four BRMs showed an up to twofold increase in concentration after storage at RT compared to cold storage (CS). There was no difference in the aggregation capacity. CONCLUSION: This analysis shows that the release of adult-specific BRMs during storage is lowest in short- and CS APCs. Our study points to strategies for reducing the exposure of sick neonates to BRMs that can be specifically associated to PLT transfusion-related morbidity

    Adult donor blood products in neonatal intensive care – an underestimated risk?

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    Die gegenwĂ€rtige SARS-CoV-2 Pandemie verdeutlicht sogar in der Laienpresse die aus einer schweren Infektion und intensivmedizinischer Therapie resultierende PrĂ€disposition fĂŒr Störungen der Blutgerinnung. Ein hĂ€mostaseologisches Ungleichgewicht zwischen Pro- und Antikoagulation erhöht das Risiko fĂŒr eine Thrombose, Embolie oder Blutung. WĂ€hrend der ersten Lebenswochen und Monate unterliegt die Gerinnungsphysiologie aufgrund von entwicklungsabhĂ€ngigen VerĂ€nderungen der zellulĂ€ren und plasmatischen Komponenten sehr großen Umstellungen, verbunden mit dem erhöhten Risiko fĂŒr Blutungen und Thrombosen. Es ist deshalb wichtig, potentielle Störfaktoren zu identifizieren und prĂ€ventive Maßnahmen, insbesondere zur Vermeidung von Transfusions-assoziierten Komplikationen einzuleiten. Zu solchen Komplikationen zĂ€hlen neben Thromboembolien bei sehr unreifen FrĂŒhgeborenen auch Hirn- und Lungenblutungen, Störungen der Darmperfusion oder die FrĂŒhgeborenen-Retinopathie. In dieser Arbeit werden drei Forschungsprojekte aus dem Gebiet der neonatalen HĂ€matologie und Transfusionsmedizin betrachtet: (i) In einer Fall-Kontroll-Studie konnten einerseits die Transfusion von Blutkomponenten erwachsener Spender und andererseits die Frequenz von Transfusionen nach Anlage eines zentralvenösen Katheters als unabhĂ€ngige signifikante Risikofaktoren fĂŒr Thromboembolien identifiziert werden. (ii) Sogenannte biologische Reaktionsmodifikatoren aus Spender-Thrombozyten könnten in AbhĂ€ngigkeit von der Herstellung (Pool-Vollblut versus Apherese) und Lagerung (Temperatur und Dauer) unterschiedlich stark freigesetzt werden und Transfusions-assoziierte Krankheitsbilder erklĂ€ren. Im Vordergrund der eigenen Untersuchung standen biologische Reaktionsmodifikatoren, die aus Thrombozyten des Erwachsenen, jedoch nicht oder nur sehr gering aus Thrombozyten des Neugeborenen freigesetzt werden (CCL5/RANTES, TGFÎČ1, TSP1 und DKK1). In einem in vitro Ansatz konnte nachgewiesen werden, dass diese Proteine besonders stark in Pool-Thrombozyten-Konzentraten sowie – unabhĂ€ngig von der Herstellung – vermehrt bei Raumtemperatur (versus 4°C) und lĂ€ngerer Lagerungsdauer (> 4 Tage) freigesetzt werden. (iii) Bei sehr unreifen FrĂŒhgeborenen entwickelt sich regelhaft eine AnĂ€mie, die in vielen FĂ€llen eine oder mehrere Transfusionen von Spendererythrozyten erfordert. Die Erythrozytentransfusion ist wiederum mit dem Risiko einer (höhergradigen) Retinopathie assoziiert, welche bis zur Erblindung fĂŒhren kann. Aus dem pathophysiologisch Ă€hnlichen Krankheitsmodell der diabetischen Retinopathie weiß man, dass eine Variante des Erythropoietin-Gens, das bei AnĂ€mie zur Stimulation der körpereigenen Blutbildung vermehrt exprimiert wird, die ĂŒberschießende GefĂ€ĂŸneubildung an der Netzhaut anheizt. Analog dazu wurde die Assoziation dieses EPO Polymorphismus an die HĂ€ufigkeit und Schwere der FrĂŒhgeborenenretinopathie untersucht. In dieser Fall-Kontroll-Studie konnte die Erythropoietin-Promotor-Variante rs1617640 jedoch nicht mit dem Auftreten einer höhergradigen ROP assoziiert werden. Der Befund war unabhĂ€ngig vom zusĂ€tzlichen Risikofaktor einer Therapie mit rekombinantem humanem Erythropoietin zur PrĂ€vention der Transfusionen. Aus den Ergebnissen resultieren neue Strategien zur Verringerung Transfusions-assoziierter Komplikationen, was signifikant zur Verbesserung der Langzeitentwicklung sehr unreifer FrĂŒhgeborener, aber auch kranker Reifgeborener beitragen sollte.The current SARS-CoV-2 pandemic highlights the predisposition for coagulopathies associated with severe infection and intensive care. A disturbance of the hemostatic balance between pro- and anticoagulation increases the risk of thrombosis, embolism or bleeding. During the first weeks of life, the physiology of hemostasis undergoes significant developmental-stage specific changes of cellular and plasmatic components, correlating with an increased risk of bleeding and thrombosis. It is therefore of particular importance to identify potential disruptive factors and to initiate preventive measures to avoid transfusion-associated complications. In very immature preterm newborns such complications include thromboembolism, cerebral and lung hemorrhage, intestinal malperfusion or retinopathy of prematurity. Therefore, this dissertation summarizes three main research projects in neonatal hematology and transfusion medicine: (i) In a case-control study, the transfusion of adult donor blood components as well as the transfusion frequency after placement of central venous catheters were identified as independent significant risk factors for thromboembolism. (ii) The release of biological response modifiers from donor platelets could be influenced by the preparation (pooled whole blood donation versus apheresis) and storage conditions (temperature and duration) and thereby cause transfusion-associated complications. We studied biological response modifiers, which are released from adult platelets, but not at all or only in much lower concentrations from neonatal platelets (CCL5/RANTES, TGFÎČ1, TSP1 und DKK1). The in vitro experiments showed that these proteins are released at higher concentrations in pooled platelet concentrates and – independent of preparation – after longer storage time (>4 d) as well as storage at room temperature (versus 4°C). (iii) Very immature preterm newborns regularly develop an anemia, often requiring one or multiple donor red blood cell transfusions. These transfusions are associated with an increased risk of severe retinopathy, even potentially resulting in blindness. In the pathophysiological similar disease model of diabetic retinopathy, a variant of the erythropoietin gene, which translates into a protein that primarily regulates red blood cell production, has been associated with an increased risk of proliferative diabetic retinopathy. The association of this EPO polymorphism was studied in regard to the frequency and severity of retinopathy of prematurity. This case-control study did not show an association between the erythropoietin promotor variant rs1617640 and severe retinopathy of prematurity. This was observed independently of recombinant human EPO administration to prevent transfusions. These findings result in new strategies to reduce transfusion-associated complications, which will contribute considerably to improving the short- and long-term outcomes of very premature as well as sick term newborns
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