The Role of Micro-credit System for Empowering Poor Women

Participation of women in productive activities is crucial for enhancing the economic status of the family and for the overall empowerment of women. This study investigates how micro-credit programs affect women’s empowerment from the credit beneficiaries’ perspectives. Also, the study highlights the role of poor women in changing their life style by running small-micro business activities through the loans granted to them by a non-profit organization under the Micro-credit Program. The study adopted a qualitative approach. The main findings of this study revealed that participation of women in micro-credit program helps in promoting women’s empowerment, in particular the economic and socio-cultural dimensions of empowerment. The targeted women became economically empowered by (1) having their own income, (2) contributing to household purchases and (3) financing the education of their children; however, they did not manage to make savings to promote their micro-small operations. The findings also indicated that micro-credit equipped women with greater social networks, freedom of mobility and facilitated bargaining power vise-a-vis their husbands. The findings have implications for policies and interventions in enhancing new innovative approaches for micro-business programs. Key Words:Micro-credit system; Women economic empowerment; Community poverty

Kaji Pembuatan Kanvas Rem Sepeda Motor Bahan Komposit dengan Filler Palm Slag

Brake pads have a very important role to become a major factor in driving safety. Brake quality depends on the constituent materials. Palm slag is one that has potential as a filler material for composite brake. Manufacture of brake pads in this study using the palm slag as a filler, phenolic resin as a binder, steel powder as reinforcing, graphite as a lubricant, alumina as an abrasive. In the manufacture of brake pads remains composition of materials used to variation the compacting and sintering temperature. This study will examine the wear rate and hardness in the brake pads against the brake commercial reference. Brake pads are made with palm slag initial compacting varied is 190 Bar and 380 bar and then proceed with the final compacting of 450 bar ± 2 minutes. Brake pads that have been heated to a temperature of 1500C using the heater. Brake pads that have been sintered variations to 1500C and 1700C. Brake pads that have sintered be tested for wear and hardness. Brinell hardness testing to get the highest hardness in the brake B is 15.35 BHN (kgf/mm2) commercial brake approaching violence. In dry conditions the wear testing found the smallest wear is approaching commercial brake brake B is equal to 4777 x 10-6 g/mm2.seconds with a braking time of 15.33 seconds and shortest braking distance is 63 meters

Desain dan Penentuan Lokasi Pembebanan Pendulum Alat Uji Impak untuk Pengujian Produk Hasil Las Gesek Rotary Bar-Plate

Fracture that occurred in bar-plate friction welding joint on component, be it with a similar or dissimilar materials, can be reviewed by destructive testing. One of the destructive test on weld joint by friction welding is the impact test. Pendulum of standart Charpy and Izod is not match to use for it. Therefore, in this study was made the design and set up pendulum of impact testing for it, using the finite element method software, by considering dynamic factors that may affect fracture such as, loading angle, loading point on the product bar-plate, the dimensions of pendulum, maximum stess thet occurs, and the mass variation of the pendulum. The Obtain summaries are as follows: (1) Results of the Pendulum tests, it was safe to use, it was qualyfied for pendulum impact testing, and plastic deformation was not occurs on entire pendulum. (2) Based on tests result, loading point (x) at 10mm, affected fracture between bar and plate in HAZ section, while loading point at 40 mm until 15 mm affected fracture on plate, not on the section between bar and plate

Estimasi Kapasitas dan Titik Berat pada Pembuatan Kapal Jaring Tradisional di Galangan Kapal Bagan SiapiApi Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Menggunakan Software Autodesk Inventor 2010

Jaring ship building in Bagan Siapiapi Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Riau in general is traditionally. One example that still use the traditional way is how to determine the capacity and center of gravity. In estimating the capacity and gravity in Bagan Siapiapi Kabupaten Rokan Hilir Riau is not accurate so as to anticipate it, Bagan Siapiapi community change the shape and size of the vessel at the time of testing The purpose of the study to estimate the capacity and center of gravity in Bagan Siapiapi. This research is a study case method that uses a single fishing vessel industry is in Bagan Siapiapi. Jaring's ships measured ship's main dimensions, construction Linggi, keel construction, joist construction, foundation construction machinery, building construction on the upper deck, and wood density testing, subsequent construction of ships drawn using Autodesk Inventor 2010 software. Capacity and center of gravity jaring ship calculations using Autodesk Inventor 2010 software. From the data processing capacity of jaring Bagan Siapiapi Chart for 7.093 kg and an emphasis on jaring ship Bagan Siapiapi is at position: (1) unloading condition (0,9 mm; 888,5 mm ;-162,5 mm) the front view with the tilt angle of the ship experienced a shaky 89,24o and -84o side view (2) maximum load condition ( 0,7 mm; 976,7 mm; -600,4 mm) the front view with the tilt angle of the ship experienced a shaky -89,8o and side view 80,03o

Analisis Sifat Mekanik Komposit Serat Sabut Kelapa sebagai Material Alternatif Pengganti Kayu untuk Pembuatan Kapal Tradisional

Recently, it has been difficult to get the wood as a material to construct the traditional ships. Alternatively, the wood can be substituted by composite materials such as the composite of coco fiber. The coco fiber composites have potential to construct a fishing boat. In this research produced the composite plates and investigation of their value of tensile strength and flexural strength. The composite composition was used 70% polyester and 30% coco fiber. Production of the composite plates used Vacuum Assisted Resin Infusion (VARI) method by variation of the direction of fibers (random, continous and woven). Based on the research result that was produced the composite plates sizes of 400 x 400 x 8 mm and the value of tensile strengths of composite coco fiber for random fiber direction of 12.8572 N/mm2, continuous fiber direction of 15.4436 N/mm2 and woven direction of 12.1797 N/mm2. The value of flexural strengths for random fiber direction was 97.3220 N/mm2, continuous fiber direction of 96.1347 N/mm2 and woven fiber direction of 80.3922 N/mm2. In conclusion, the value of the highest tensile strength and the highest flexural strength were a continuous fiber direction and a random fiber direction, respectively

Penyelidikan Kekuatan Tekan dan Laju Keausan Komposit dengan Filler Palm Slag sebagai Bahan Penyusun Kanvas Rem Sepeda Motor

Palm slag as waste burning of palm shells and bunches for boiler fuel is available in abundance. Availability of abundant is potential to be developed as a filler of brake composite. The using of palm slag as filler composite non-asbestos brake pads have been studied and potential to be used as a substitute for asbestos brake pads motorcycle. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of variations in the initial compacting pressure and sintering temperature on the compressive strength and the wear rate of the composite. In this study the manufacture of composite brake using materials with a composition of 40% palm slag, 20% steel powder, 20% phenolic resin, 10% alumina, and 10% graphite. Manufacture of composites using powder metallurgy techniques by varying the compaction pressure at 254, 508, and 762 MPa, and sintering temperatures of 150, 160, and 170oC. Increasing compaction pressure and sintering temperature does not always affect the compressive strength and the wear rate of composite brake. Initial compaction pressure affecting the increase in compressive strength is 508 MPa at 150 and 160oC sintering temperature. Initial compaction pressure affecting decrease the wear rate is 254 and 508 MPa at sintering temperatures of 150 and 160oC

Redesign Alat Las Gesek Rotari Dengan Pendekatan Fault Tree Analysis (FTA) Dan Design for Manufacture and Assembly (DFMA)

The FTA is a method to identify the failure of system. Whilst, the DFMA is a method to determine how to design of product, which is purposed to increases the quality of product and make easily the product assembly process. The rotary friction welding is one of type of friction welding, that principle is both of surfaces by friction which one end is fixed and then provides axial pressure to against another the rotating surface until both surface forge together. The Rotary friction welding machine in Production Technology Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Riau has some shortcoming, as sequences the welding results are not optimal. Furthermore, this research aims to overcome the deficiency rotary friction welding machine in the Mechanical Engineering, Universitas Riau, then identified the problems using the FTA method and redesign one using the DFMA method. There were several steps to conduct testing of the rotary friction welding i.e. before redesign, after redesign, and final testing, which was obtained a final better design. Result of testing indicated an average value of the vibration was reduced, on the x-axis was reduced from 15.34 mm /s to 15.44 mm /s, the y-axis of 20.04 mm /s to 17.94 mm /s, z axis of 28.58 mm /s to 18.58 mm /s. Then, the average maximum tensile strength of the welding specimen increased from 574.66 N/mm2 to 651.10 N/mm2, and the assembly efficiency increased from 3% to 5%. It can be concluded the redesign of rotary friction welding was better than before