9,906 research outputs found
Verification-guided modelling of salience and cognitive load
Well-designed interfaces use procedural and sensory cues to increase the cognitive salience of appropriate actions. However, empirical studies suggest that cognitive load can influence the strength of those cues. We formalise the relationship between salience and cognitive load revealed by empirical data. We add these rules to our abstract cognitive architecture, based on higher-order logic and developed for the formal verification of usability properties. The interface of a fire engine dispatch task from the empirical studies is then formally modelled and verified. The outcomes of this verification and their comparison with the empirical data provide a way of assessing our salience and load rules. They also guide further iterative refinements of these rules. Furthermore, the juxtaposition of the outcomes of formal analysis and empirical studies suggests new experimental hypotheses, thus providing input to researchers in cognitive science
Authentic Corporate Social Responsibility Based on Authentic Empowerment: An Exemplary Business Leadership Case
Authors Dillon, Back, and Manz examine the underpinnings of genuine or authentic Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR), noting the direct nexus between stakeholder empowerment and the socially-responsible actions of authentic leaders. Such an empowering leadership approachā involving structural, psychological, developmental, and financial components ā is particularly exemplified by a family-owned (Back) wine and cheese company (Fairview Trust), situate in South Africa
Exploring the importance of reflection in the control room
While currently difficult to measure or explicitly design for, evidence suggests that providing people
with opportunities to reflect on experience must be recognized and valued during safety-critical
work. We provide an insight into reflection as a mechanism that can help to maintain both individual
and team goals. In the control room, reflection can be task-based, critical for the 'smooth' day-to-day
operational performance of a socio-technical system, or can foster learning and organisational change
by enabling new understandings gained from experience. In this position paper we argue that
technology should be designed to support the reflective capacity of people. There are many
interaction designs and artefacts that aim to support problem-solving, but very few that support
self-reflection and group reflection. Traditional paradigms for safety-critical systems have focussed
on ensuring the functional correctness of designs, minimising the time to complete tasks, etc. Work
in the area of user experience design may be of increasing relevance when generating artefacts that
aim to encourage reflection
Overview of Solid Target Studies for a Neutrino Factory
The UK proĀgramme of high power tarĀget deĀvelĀopĀments for a NeuĀtriĀno FacĀtoĀry is cenĀtred on the study of high-Z maĀteĀriĀals (tungĀsten, tanĀtaĀlum). A deĀscripĀtion of lifeĀtime shock tests on canĀdiĀdate maĀteĀriĀals is given as part of the reĀsearch into a solid tarĀget soĀluĀtion. A fast high curĀrent pulse is apĀplied to a thin wire of the samĀple maĀteĀriĀal and the lifeĀtime meaĀsured from the numĀber of pulsĀes beĀfore failĀure. These meaĀsureĀments are made at temĀperĀaĀtures up to ~2000 K. The stress on the wire is calĀcuĀlatĀed using the LS-DYĀNA code and comĀpared to the stress exĀpectĀed in the real NeuĀtriĀno FacĀtoĀry tarĀget. It has been found that tanĀtaĀlum is too weak to susĀtain proĀlonged stress at these temĀperĀaĀtures but a tungĀsten wire has reached over 26 milĀlion pulsĀes (equivĀaĀlent to more than ten years of opĀerĀaĀtion at the NeuĀtriĀno FacĀtoĀry). An acĀcount is given of the opĀtiĀmiĀsaĀtion of secĀondary pion proĀducĀtion from the tarĀget and the isĀsues reĀlatĀed to mountĀing the tarĀget in the muon capĀture solenoid and tarĀget staĀtion are disĀcussed
Energy and system dependence of high- triggered two-particle near-side correlations
Previous studies have indicated that the near-side peak of high-
triggered correlations can be decomposed into two parts, the \textit{Jet} and
the \textit{Ridge}. We present data on the yield per trigger of the
\textit{Jet} and the \textit{Ridge} from , and collisions
at = 62.4 GeV and 200 GeV and compare data on the \textit{Jet}
to PYTHIA 8.1 simulations for . PYTHIA describes the \textit{Jet}
component up to a scaling factor, meaning that PYTHIA can provide a better
understanding of the \textit{Ridge} by giving insight into the effects of the
kinematic cuts. We present collision energy and system dependence of the
\textit{Ridge} yield, which should help distinguish models for the production
mechanism of the \textit{Ridge}.Comment: 4 pages, 6 figures, proceedings for Hot Quarks in Estes Park,
Colorad
Elliptic flow of the dilute Fermi gas: From kinetics to hydrodynamics
We use the Boltzmann equation in the relaxation time approximation to study
the expansion of a dilute Fermi gas at unitarity. We focus, in particular, on
the approach to the hydrodynamic limit. Our main finding are: i) In the regime
that has been studied experimentally hydrodynamic effects beyond the
Navier-Stokes approximation are small, ii) mean field corrections to the
Boltzmann equation are not important, iii) experimental data imply that
freezeout occurs very late, that means that the relaxation time remains smaller
than the expansion time during the entire evolution of the system, iv) the
experimental results also imply that the bulk viscosity is significantly
smaller than the shear viscosity of the system.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figure
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