Ulnar tunnel syndrome.

Ulnar tunnel syndrome could be broadly defined as a compressive neuropathy of the ulnar nerve at the level of the wrist. The ulnar tunnel, or Guyon\u27s canal, has a complex and variable anatomy. Various factors may precipitate the onset of ulnar tunnel syndrome. Patient presentation depends on the anatomic zone of ulnar nerve compression: zone I compression, motor and sensory signs and symptoms; zone II compression, isolated motor deficits; and zone III compression; purely sensory deficits. Conservative treatment such as activity modification may be helpful, but often, surgical exploration of the ulnar tunnel with subsequent ulnar nerve decompression is indicated

Eva Peron, the Radio, and her Strategic Influence on Peronism, \u3cem\u3eor\u3c/em\u3e Eva Perón, la radio y su influencia estratégica en el peronismo

Eva Perón, la radio y su influencia estratégica en el Peronismo Eva Perón (Evita) fue renombrada por sus discursos poderosos. Jugó un papel fundamental en el ascenso al poder de su esposo, Juan Perón, y ganó mucho poder para sí misma durante el proceso. En esta investigación, se estudian las estrategias de comunicación que Evita usó para ganar esta influencia en la sociedad y promocionar el peronismo. Se va a enfocar en dos estrategias que ella usó para mostrar su éxito en capturar los corazones de la gente: la retórica peronista y el uso de emoción—pathos. Específicamente, se analiza una selección de sus discursos, incluyendo, “A los descamisados – el 17 de octubre de 1951”, “La renunciación de la vicepresidenta – el 31 de agosto de 1951” y “El último discurso de Eva Perón– el 1 de mayo de 1952”. Se usan estos discursos para estudiar qué imágenes y emociones Eva inspira con sus palabras y cómo ella manipula sus palabras con la retórica peronista para convencer a sus oyentes de la “bondad” del peronismo y sus intenciones puras. Se revela últimamente cómo el radio se unía y empodería a Eva y Juan Perón—cambiando la trayectoria de su camino y multiplicando su influencia y poder comunicativa mientras que seguían el cambio en Argentina. Eva Perón, the Radio, and her Strategic Influence on Peronism Eva Perón (Evita) was known for her powerful speeches. She played a fundamental role in her husband´s rise to power and increased her own power along the way. This paper analyses the communication strategies that Evita used to gain influence in society and expand Peronism. It tells the story of how a lonely woman climbed out from her impoverished background and learned to wield the power of her voice to completely transform a society. To demonstrate her success in gaining the hearts of the Argentine people, this paper focuses on two specific strategies that she often used: Peronist rhetoric and the manipulation of emotions—pathos. Specifically, three of Evita´s speeches will be dissected: “To the Shirtless—October 17, 1951¨, “Renunciation of the Vice Presidency—August 31, 1951”, and “Eva Peron´s Final Speech—May 1, 1952”. These speeches are used to explore the imagery and emotions that Eva inspired with her words and how she infused them with Peronist rhetoric to convince her listeners of the “goodness” of Peronism and its pure intentions. Ultimately, this study reveals how Eva and Juan Perón were brought together and empowered by the radio—changing the trajectory of their path and multiplying their communicative influence and power as they pursued change in Argentina

Late Removal of Titanium Hardware from the Elbow is Problematic

A retrospective review of 21 patients that underwent bone screw removal from the elbow was studied in relation to the type of metal, duration of implantation, and the location of the screws about the elbow. Screw failure during extraction was the dependent variable. Five of 21 patients experienced hardware failure during extraction. Fourteen patients had titanium alloy implants. In four cases, titanium screws broke during extraction. Compared to stainless steel, titanium screw failure during removal was not statistically significant (P = 0.61). Screw removal 12 months after surgery was more likely to result in broken, retained screws in general (P = 0.046) and specifically for titanium alloy (P = 0.003). Bone screws removed from the distal humerus or proximal ulna had an equal chance of fracturing (P = 0.28). There appears to be a time-related association of titanium alloy bone screw failure during hardware removal cases from the elbow. This may be explained by titanium\u27s properties and osseointegration

Distal Insertional Footprint of the Brachialis Muscle: 3D Morphometric Study

Objective. The purpose of this study is to describe the three-dimensional morphometry of the brachialis muscle at its distal attachment to the ulna. Methods. Fifty cadaveric elbows were dissected and the brachialis distal insertion was isolated on the ulna bone and probed with a three-dimensional digitizer, to create a three-dimensional model of the footprint. Measurements and analysis of each footprint shape were recorded and compared based on gender and size. Results. There was significant gender difference in the surface length (P = 0.002) and projected length (P = 0.001) of the brachialis footprint. The shapes of the footprint also differed among the specimens. Conclusion. The shape of the brachialis muscle insertion differed among all the specimens without significant variation in gender or sides. There was also a significant difference in muscle length between males and females with little difference in the width and surface area. Significance. The information obtained from this study is important for kinematic understanding and surgical procedures around the elbow joint as well as the understanding of the natural age related anatomy of the brachialis footprint morphology

Inner Synovial Membrane Footprint of the Anterior Elbow Capsule: An Arthroscopic Boundary

Introduction. The purpose of this study is to describe the inner synovial membrane (SM) of the anterior elbow capsule, both qualitatively and quantitatively. Materials and Methods. Twenty-two cadaveric human elbows were dissected and the distal humerus and SM attachments were digitized using a digitizer. The transepicondylar line (TEL) was used as the primary descriptor of various landmarks. The distance between the medial epicondyle and medial SM edge, SM apex overlying the coronoid fossa, the central SM nadir, and the apex of the SM insertion overlying the radial fossa and distance from the lateral epicondyle to lateral SM edge along the TEL were measured and further analyzed. Gender and side-to-side statistical comparisons were calculated. Results. The mean age of the subjects was 80.4 years, with six male and five female cadavers. The SM had a distinctive double arched attachment overlying the radial and coronoid fossae. No gender-based or side-to-side quantitative differences were noted. In 18 out of 22 specimens (81.8%), an infolding extension of the SM was observed overlying the medial aspect of the trochlea. The SM did not coincide with the outer fibrous attachment in any specimen. Conclusion. The humeral footprint of the synovial membrane of the anterior elbow capsule is more complex and not as capacious as commonly understood from the current literature. The synovial membrane nadir between the two anterior fossae may help to explain and hence preempt technical difficulties, a reduction in working arthroscopic volume in inflammatory and posttraumatic pathologies. This knowledge should allow the surgeon to approach this aspect of the anterior elbow compartment space with the confidence that detachment of this synovial attachment, to create working space, does not equate to breaching the capsule. Alternatively, stripping the synovial attachment from the anterior humerus does not constitute an anterior capsular release

Late Removal of Titanium Hardware from the Elbow Is Problematic

A retrospective review of 21 patients that underwent bone screw removal from the elbow was studied in relation to the type of metal, duration of implantation, and the location of the screws about the elbow. Screw failure during extraction was the dependent variable. Five of 21 patients experienced hardware failure during extraction. Fourteen patients had titanium alloy implants. In four cases, titanium screws broke during extraction. Compared to stainless steel, titanium screw failure during removal was not statistically significant (P = 0.61). Screw removal 12 months after surgery was more likely to result in broken, retained screws in general (P = 0.046) and specifically for titanium alloy (P = 0.003). Bone screws removed from the distal humerus or proximal ulna had an equal chance of fracturing (P = 0.28). There appears to be a time-related association of titanium alloy bone screw failure during hardware removal cases from the elbow. This may be explained by titanium's properties and osseointegration

Data for: Survival and Long-Term Outcomes of Thumb Metacarpal Extension Osteotomy for Symptomatic Carpometacarpal Laxity and Early Basal Joint Arthritis

Raw data on thumb extension osteotomy for early CMC arthriti