82 research outputs found
Arbuscular mycorrhizas accelerate degradation of colour containing organic pollutants present in distillery spent wash leachates
Distillery spent wash (DSW) from molasses-based distilleries is being used as a low-cost alternative to chemical fertilizers in countries like India and Brazil. However, using DSW as a fertilizer substitute causes organic pollutant leaching, including melanoidins and caramel colourants that turn bodies of water dark brown. This study investigated the arbuscular mycorrhiza (AM) mediated degradation of organic pollutants in DSW. Mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal Sorghum bicolor were grown in microcosms for 16 weeks. The plants were fertilized with either raw DSW or Hoagland solution. Leachates draining from the microcosms after fertilization were collected three times in 30-day intervals. Each 30-day collection was preceded by two fertilizations. A gas chromatography-mass spectrometry comparative analyses of raw DSWwith leachates of the third collection from mycorrhizal and non-mycorrhizal microcosms was made. Sixty-five and 42 complex organic compounds were detected in raw DSW and leachate collected from the non-mycorrhizal pots respectively. Only 26 compounds were detected in leachate collected from mycorrhizal pots. Absent from leachate of the mycorrhizal pots were: colourcontaining organic compounds diacetone alcohol; 3-amino-2-cyano-6-methyl-6,7-dihydrothieno[2,3-b]pyrazine S-oxide; cyclohexane; 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid, butyl 8-methylnonyl ester; 2-pyrrolidinone; and acetic acid, dodecyl ester present in raw DSW. The results indicate that AM fungi can degrade organic pollutants in DSW
IN-SILICO DOCKING INVESTIGATION, SYNTHESIS AND INVITRO ANTICANCER STUDY OF BENZOXAZOLE DERIVATIVES
Benzoxazole derivatives display broad spectrum of biological and pharmacological activities. The main objective of the present study was to explore newer molecules with potent biological activity like anticancer activity. Insilico screening was done and compound with no violation in Lipinski rule of five and good docking score are selected for wet lab synthesize. Benzoxazole derivatives were synthesized and are evaluated for invitro anticancer studies. Â Derivatives were synthesized using different benzaldehyde and anhydride derivative. The synthesized compounds were then established on the basis of IR, MASS and 1H NMR spectral data and screened for anticancer activity on Human breast cancer cell line (MCF-7). The derivative showed significant activity on cell line.Keywords: Benzoxazole, dihydrophthalazine, anticancer, MTT assay. Â
Thermodynamics of Relativistic Fermions with Chern-Simons Coupling
We study the thermodynamics of the relativistic Quantum Field Theory of
massive fermions in three space-time dimensions coupled to an Abelian
Maxwell-Chern-Simons gauge field. We evaluate the specific heat at finite
temperature and density and find that the variation with the statistical angle
is consistent with the non-relativistic ideas on generalized statistics.Comment: 12 pages, REVTe
Evolution of the Yukawa coupling constants and seesaw operators in the universal seesaw model
The general features of the evolution of the Yukawa coupling constants and
seesaw operators in the universal seesaw model with det M_F=0 are investigated.
Especially, it is checked whether the model causes bursts of Yukawa coupling
constants, because in the model not only the magnitude of the Yukawa coupling
constant (Y_L^u)_{33} in the up-quark sector but also that of (Y_L^d)_{33} in
the down-quark sector is of the order of one, i.e., (Y_L^u)_{33} \sim
(Y_L^d)_{33} \sim 1. The requirement that the model should be calculable
perturbatively puts some constraints on the values of the intermediate mass
scales and tan\beta (in the SUSY model).Comment: 21 pages, RevTex, 10 figure
Kinetic Arrest in Polyion-Induced Inhomogeneously-Charged Colloidal Particle Aggregation
Polymer chains adsorbed onto oppositely charged spherical colloidal particles
can significantly modify the particle-particle interactions. For sufficient
amounts of added polymers, the original electrostatic repulsion can even turn
into an effective attraction and relatively large kinetically stable aggregates
can form which display several unexpected and interesting peculiarities and
some intriguing biotechnological implications. The attractive interaction
contribution between two oppositely particles arises from the correlated
adsorption of polyions at the oppositely charged particle surfaces, resulting
in a non-homogeneous surface charge distribution. Here, we investigate the
aggregation kinetics of polyion-induced colloidal complexes through Monte Carlo
simulation, in which the effect of charge anisotropy is taken into account by a
DLVO-like intra-particle potential, as recentely proposed by Velegol and Thwar
[D. Velegol and P.K. Thwar, Langmuir, 17, 2001]. The results reveal that in the
presence of a charge heterogeneity the aggregation process slows down due to
the progressive increase of the potential barrier height upon clustering.
Within this framework, the experimentally observed cluster phases in
polyelectrolyte-liposomes solutions should be considered as a kinetic arrested
state.Comment: 9 pages. 11 figure
Signals of Supersymmetric Flavour Models in B Physics
If the mechanism of Supersymmetry breaking is not flavour blind, some flavour
symmetry is likely to be needed to prevent excessive flavour changing neutral
current effects. We discuss two flavour models (based respectively on a U(2)
and on a SU(3) horizontal symmetry) providing a good fit to fermion masses and
mixings and particularly constraining the supersymmetry soft breaking terms. We
show that, while reproducing successfully the Standard Model fit of the
unitarity triangle, it is possible to obtain sizable deviations from the
Standard Model predictions for three very clean B-physics observables: the time
dependent CP asymmetries in and in
and the mass difference. Our analysis exhibits with two
explicit realizations that in supersymmetric theories with a new flavour
structure in addition to the Yukawa matrices there exist concrete
potentialities for revealing supersymmetry indirectly in theoretically clean
-physics observables.Comment: 18 pages, 7 figures, 3 of which in colo
Minimal SUSY SO(10) model and predictions for neutrino mixings and leptonic CP violation
We discuss a minimal Supersymmetric SO(10) model where B-L symmetry is broken
by a {\bf 126} dimensional Higgs multiplet which also contributes to fermion
masses in conjunction with a {\bf 10} dimensional superfield. This minimal
Higgs choice provides a partial unification of neutrino flavor structure with
that of quarks and has been shown to predict all three neutrino mixing angles
and the solar mass splitting in agreement with observations, provided one uses
the type II seesaw formula for neutrino masses. In this paper we generalize
this analysis to include arbitrary CP phases in couplings and vevs. We find
that (i) the predictions for neutrino mixings are similar with as before and other parameters in a somewhat bigger range and (ii) that
to first order in the quark mixing parameter (the Cabibbo angle), the
leptonic mixing matrix is CP conserving. We also find that in the absence of
any higher dimensional contributions to fermion masses, the CKM phase is
different from that of the standard model implying that there must be new
contributions to quark CP violation from the supersymmetry breaking sector.
Inclusion of higher dimensional terms however allows the standard model CKM
phase to be maintained.Comment: 22 pages, 6 figure
Scale dependence of the quark masses and mixings: leading order
We consider the Renormalization Group Equations (RGE) for the couplings of
the Standard Model and its extensions. Using the hierarchy of the quark masses
and of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa (CKM) matrix our argument is that a
consistent approximation for the RGE should be based on the parameter . We consider the RGE in the approximation where we
neglect all the relative terms of the order and higher.
Within this approximation we find the exact solution of the evolution equations
of the quark Yukawa couplings and of the vacuum expectation value of the Higgs
field. Then we derive the evolution of the observables: quark masses, CKM
matrix, Jarlskog invariant, Wolfenstein parameters of the CKM matrix and the
unitarity triangle. We show that the angles of the unitarity triangle remain
constant. This property may restrict the possibility of new symmetries or
textures at the grand unification scale.Comment: 15 pages, 4 figures, author of one reference adde
High scale mixing unification and large neutrino mixing angles
Starting with the hypothesis that quark and lepton mixings are identical at
or near the GUT scale, we show that the large solar and atmospheric neutrino
mixing angles together with the small reactor angle can be understood
purely as a result of renormalization group evolution. The only requirements
are that the three neutrinos must be quasi degenerate in mass and have same CP
parity. It predicts that the common Majorana mass for the neutrinos must be
larger than 0.1 eV making the idea testable in the currently planned or ongoing
experiments searching for neutrinoless-double-beta decay.Comment: 10 pages, eight figure, two tables; new material added; results
remain unchange
A renormalizable SO(10) GUT scenario with spontaneous CP violation
We consider fermion masses and mixings in a renormalizable SUSY SO(10) GUT
with Yukawa couplings of scalar fields in the representation 10 + 120 + 126
bar. We investigate a scenario defined by the following assumptions: i) A
single large scale in the theory, the GUT scale. ii) Small neutrino masses
generated by the type I seesaw mechanism with negligible type II contributions.
iii) A suitable form of spontaneous CP breaking which induces hermitian mass
matrices for all fermion mass terms of the Dirac type. Our assumptions define
an 18-parameter scenario for the fermion mass matrices for 18 experimentally
known observables. Performing a numerical analysis, we find excellent fits to
all observables in the case of both the normal and inverted neutrino mass
spectrum.Comment: 16 pages, two eps figure
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