A study on the aspects of epidemiology of urinary and intestinal schistosomiasis In Bauchi State, Nigeria

A twelve-month epidemio-ecological study on the prevalence of schistosomiasis was conducted in Bauchi State, from January to December, 2016. Two thousand 2000 samples each of faeces and urine were collected and examined microscopically for schistosome eggs. The urine samples were examined using sedimentation method while the faecal samples were examined using formol-ether concentration technique. Twenty eight 28 (1.40%) of the entire volunteers urine samples collected had eggs of S.haematobium 3(0.15%) had eggs of S. mansoni in their faecal samples. The infection rates in different month by S.mansoni species, infection rate in different sexes and infection rate in individuals from different senatorial zone by schistosomiasis were not statistically significant while the infection rates in different month by S.heamatobium species, infection rate in different age groups, infection rate in individuals using different water source, infection rate in individuals using different types of toilet facilities and the infection rate in individuals in different occupational groups were all statistically significant at (p<0.05). Though there was low prevalence of the disease in the study area, there is need to intensified integrated control measures to reduce or complete eradicate the disease.Keywords: Epidemiology, Urinary/Intestinal Schistosomiasis, Bauchi State, Nigeri

Effects of some physico-chemical parameters on prevalence of intermediate host of animal trematodes in Bauchi State, Nigeria

The effect of physicochemical parameters on the prevalence, distribution and vector aspects of snail borne diseases was conducted in Bauchi State, from January to December, 2016. Nine (9) of the twenty (20) Local Governments Areas, three (3) from each senatorial zone and two (2) water bodies in each selected Local Government Area were randomly selected for the study. Standard keys were used to identify the snail vectors. Three physicochemical parameters of the water were measured temperature, pH and dissolved oxygen. Temperature and pH were measured using Hanna instrument temperature tester-H198311 and pH tester-H198107 respectively while dissolved oxygen of the water was measured using Winkler method in the laboratory. One thousand six hundred and five (1605) snails were collected and identified which include 1581 Bulinus globosus and 24 Biomphalaria pfeifferi. Out of this, only 59(3.7 %) of the Bulinus globosus shed cercariae in the water with low temperature and pH value and high dissolved oxygen. The snail abundant varied significantly. Therefore effective snails control programme as well as public awareness on the role of snails in transmitting animal trematode in the area is recommended.Keywords: Physico-chemical parameters, Snail, Animal trematode, Bauchi State, Nigeri