Effects of intraperitoneal injection of allogeneic bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells on bronchiolitis obliterans in mice model

Bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) can ameliorate a variety of lung diseases such as asthma, lung fibrosis, and acute lung injury by its anti-inflammatory and immunmodulatory effects. In this study, we developed a mouse model of bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) and evaluated the effects of the intraperitoneal administration of BMSCs on lung histopathology and cytokine levels. 25 BALB/c mice were divided into four groups; control group (Group I), BO developed and 1x106 BMSCs-injected group (Group II), non-BO, 1x106 BMSCs-injected group (Group III), and BO developed and saline-injected group (Group IV). Histological and immunohistochemical findings of the lung tissue and the migration of BMSCs to the lung were evaluated using light and confocal microscopy techniques. Confocal microscopy evaluations showed that there was no noteworthy amount of BMSCs in the lung tissue of group III while significant amount of BMSCs was detected in group II. Wall thicknesses of terminal bronchiole and periterminal bronchiolar collagen deposition were significantly lower in group II compared to the group IV (p<0.05). Furthermore, according to the immunohistochemical staining results, CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD68 and neutrophil elastase positive immune cells of group II were stained more positive than group IV cells (p<0.05). IFN-ã IL-2 and TNF-á levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) were significantly lower in group II compared to group IV (p<0.05). The findings of this study indicate that intraperitoneally administered BMSCs have potent effects on histopatological changes of the lung tissue and cytokine levels in the murine model of BO.Scientific and Technological Council of Turkey (112S148

Does Carbon Dioxide Therapy Really Diminish Localized Adiposities? Experimental Study with Rats

The probability of a positive effect of carbon dioxide (CO(2)) gas on the physiologic oxidative lipolytic process led to its use for localized adiposities. The authors considered that existing studies on CO(2) therapy were not sufficient to exhibit the efficiency of CO(2) therapy. The scientific basis for evaluating CO(2) therapy including standard dietary regimen, standard daily physical effort, and standard psychosocial stimuli was not clear. Despite this unclear situation, CO(2) therapy is extremely popular worldwide. The authors designed an experimental study using histomorphologic examination and the laser-Doppler flow meter to monitor treated tissue in rats. They devised a controlled applicator device appropriate for gas injection of rats and compared biochemical effects between CO(2) and breathable air

The Effects of alpha-Lipoic Acid against Testicular Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury in Rats

Testicular torsion is one of the urologic emergencies occurring frequently in neonatal and adolescent period. Testis is sensitive to ischemia-reperfusion injury, and, therefore, ischemia and consecutive reperfusion cause an enhanced formation of reactive oxygen species that result in testicular cell damage and apoptosis. alpha-lipoic acid is a free radical scavenger and a biological antioxidant. It is widely used in the prevention of oxidative stress and cellular damage. We aimed to investigate the protective effect of alpha-lipoic acid on testicular damage in rats subjected to testicular ischemia-reperfusion injury. 35 rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control, sham operated, ischemia, ischemia-reperfusion, and ischemia-reperfusion +lipoic acid groups, 2 h torsion and 2 h detorsion of the testis were performed. Testicular cell damage was examined by H-E staining. TUNEL and active caspase-3 immunostaining were used to detect germ cell apoptosis. GPx, SOD activity, and MDA levels were evaluated. Histological evaluation showed that alpha-lipoic acid pretreatment reduced testicular cell damage and decreased TUNEL and caspase-3-positive cells. Additionally, alpha-lipoic acid administration decreased the GPx and SOD activity and increased the MDA levels. The present results suggest that LA is a potentially beneficial agent in protecting testicular I/R in rats

İnsan diş pulpası kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin meme kanseri kök hücreleri üzerine etkisi

Amaç: Kanser kök hücreleri; kendini yenileyebilen, farklılaşma kapasitesi yüksek ve uzun süreli proliferasyon ile normal dokuya invazyon kabiliyeti olan hücrelerdir. Bu yetenekleriyle geleneksel kanser tedavisine direnç oluşturarak tümör büyümesi ve metastazda rol oynar. Başarılı kanser tedavileri için kanser kök hücre mekanizmalarına yönelik araştırmalar yapmak önem taşımaktadır. Bu çalışmanın amacı, insan diş pulpası kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin meme kanseri kök hücreleri üzerine etkisinin hücre canlılığı, hücre döngüsü ve apoptoz yöntemleriyle araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve Yöntem: Meme kanseri hücreleri (MCF7) akış sitometrisi ile CD44+ /CD24- boyaması yapılarak ayrılmıştır. CD44+ /CD24- popülasyonuna meme kanseri kök hücresi denilmiştir. Diş pulpasından izole edilen mezenkimal kök hücreler kültüre edilip karakterizasyonu yapılmıştır. Mezenkimal kök hücre grubu mCitrine, meme kanseri kök hücresi grubu ise mCherry ile plazmit transfeksiyonu yapılarak işaretlenmiştir. Bu hücreler 48 saat boyunca ko-kültüre edilmiş ve sonrasında hücre canlılığı, hücre döngüsü ve apoptoz analizleri yapılmıştır. Bulgular: Diş pulpası kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücreler ile ko-kültüre edilen meme kanseri kök hücrelerinin kontrol grubuna göre hücre canlılığı, hücre döngüsü ve apoptoz değerlerinde zamana bağlı olarak istatistiksel anlamlı değişiklikler görülmüştür. Ko-kültüre grubu kontrole göre kıyaslandığında zamana bağlı olarak G0/G1 evresinde artış gözlenmiştir. Ko-kültüre edilen hücrelerin floresan mikroskop ile yapılan incelemesinde sarı floresan işaretli hibrit hücreler gözlenmiştir ve immüno-floresan Ki67 boyamasında hücre sayısında azalma gözlenmiştir. Sonuç: Ko-kültür sonrası diş pulpası kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin meme kanser kök hücreleri üzerinde hücre proliferasyonunu inhibe edici etkileri olduğu ve apoptozu teşvik ettiği gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, meme kanser kök hücreleri üzerinde diş pulpası kaynaklı mezenkimal kök hücrelerin tedaviye yönelik bir etkisi olabilir

Comparison of the local effects of different intracameral cefuroxime solutions on rabbit cornea

Purpose We aimed to compare the local effects of intracameral cefuroxime diluted in normal saline (SF groups) against those of cefuroxime in balanced salt solution (BSS group) on the cornea of rabbits. Materials and methods Fourteen New Zealand albino rabbits were randomised into two groups. The right eyes of the rabbits in the SF group I were injected intracamerally with 1 mg cefuroxime diluted with 0.1 mL normal saline (n = 7), whereas the right eyes of the BSS group II were injected with 1 mg intracameral cefuroxime diluted with 0.1 mL with balance salt solution, and the left eyes of all rabbits received no treatment group III (control group). Corneal thickness was measured with pachymetry before and 1 week after the injection. Corneal samples were evaluated with light, specular and electron microscopy. Results Mean endothelial cell count was lower in the SF than in the BSS and control groups. Although an increase in corneal thickness was found in both treatment groups, this was not the case for the control group. The corneal endothelium preserved its hexagonal structure in all groups. Although both treatment groups showed a loss of endothelial microvilli, this was more prevalent in the SF group. However, microvilli were preserved in the control group. Dissolution of tight junctions in corneal endothelium was observed in the SF group only. Mitochondrial swelling, coarsening of endoplasmic reticulum, cytoplasmic vacuolisation, and increased endothelial cell sizes were the same in both treatment groups but was not observed in the control group. Thicker and more oedematous corneal stroma were observed in the SF group compared with the BSS and control groups. Conclusion Dilution of intracameral cefuroxime in BSS yielded superior results compared with dilution in normal saline owing to toxicity to the endothelial cells and decline in the endothelial cell number, resulting in intracellular and intercellular morphological changes. BSS or any other solution with proven safety should be used in clinical studies