Anti-Racism Action Development among Latinx Youth

The increased visibility of the Black Lives Matter Movement in response to countless murders of Black people, including but not limited to George Floyd, Breonna Taylor, Atatiana Jefferson, and Ahmaud Arbery, underscores that the United States (U.S.) is a country plagued with anti-Black racism, white supremacy, and other manifestations of racism. The term BIPOC—Black, indigenous, and People of Color—has gained traction during the Black Lives Matter Movement to underscore the unique racialized experiences Black people and indigenous people have in the U.S. as a result of slavery and colonization (Grady, 2020). Latinx youth may be represented in all aspects of the BIPOC term, as these youth may identify or are racialized as Brown, Black, indigenous, amongst other minoritized races. As a diverse racial-ethnic group, there is a need to investigate the ways in which Latinx youth develop as anti-racists that challenge integrated systems of oppression, such as anti-Black racism and xenophobia, that negatively affect the Latinx community and other communities of color. Theoretical work suggests that youths' involvement in social justice efforts is informed by the conversations they have about race and racism with their parents (i.e., parental ethnic-racial socialization), youths' personal ethnic-racial identity, and their structural analysis of racism (Anyiwo et al., 2018; Mathews et al., 2019), although this work rarely consider how these processes might promote anti-racism development among Latinx youth. The proposed pilot study will investigate how 13-14-year-old Latinx youth in Chicago, Illinois develop as anti-racists through three aims: 1) To investigate associations between parental ethnic-racial socialization and youths’ anti-racism action; 2) To explore the extent to which parental ethnic-racial socialization is associated with youths’ ethnic-racial identity structural analysis of racism; and 3) to investigate the extent to which youths’ ethnic-racial identity and structural analysis of racism mediate associations between parental ethnic-racial socialization and anti-racism action

Black Adolescentsâ Critical Reflection Development: Parentsâ Racial Socialization and Attributions About Race Achievement Gaps

Peer Reviewedhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154280/1/jora12485_am.pdfhttps://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/154280/2/jora12485.pd

Improving Educational Opportunities for Black Youth in Pittsburgh: A Justice-Centered Intervention

College going and completion is shown to provide substantial tangible (e.g., lifetime wages) and intangible (e.g., critical consciousness) benefits. Yet, Black youth often are excluded from opportunities to access college. For instance, in Pittsburgh, only 16% of Black students earn a college degree while 42% of White students earn a college degree. In response to higher education barriers, Justice Scholars Institute (JSI) was created for Black youth in Pittsburgh. JSI provides college-credit courses and various justice-oriented educational programming, including college preparatory workshops, out-of-school time justice-focused youth development opportunities, and training in justice-focused research. The proposed project uses critical theories and transformative approaches to (1) understand factors that impact Black students' college access opportunities; (2) examine the mechanisms that influence the success of students in JSI; (3) extend the research around designing justice-centered partnerships focused on post-secondary access for Black students; and (4) develop a justice-centered teacher leader collective to support college access opportunities for Black students. Findings from this study will provide greater insight into how educational leaders, universities, and community leaders can create liberatory conditions for Black youth to thrive as global citizens

Incidence of Surgical Site Infection in Patients who Underwent Surgery at Hospital Pasteur (Montevideo), July-August 2017

Martina Bañales: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Diego Castro: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Sabrina Della Mea: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Isabel Larre Borges: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Josefina Mora: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Manuel Soneira: Estudiante de Medicina, Ciclo de Metodología Científica II, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Uruguay. La contribución en la realización del trabajo fue equivalente a la de los demás estudiantes.-- Alejandra Liz: Docente supervisor. Clínica Quirúrgica 1, Hospital Pasteur, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de la República, Montevideo, Uruguay. Contacto: [email protected] infecciones del sitio quirúrgico (ISQ) son una complicación frecuente en cirugía general. Generan múltiples problemas para el paciente y aumentan los costos en salud. Existe una carencia de datos a nivel nacional sobre dicha patología. El objetivo general del estudio fue determinar la incidencia de infecciones tipo I y II de la clasificación del Centers for Disease Control and Prevention en pacientes postoperatorios de cirugía abdominal y vascular periférica internados en el Hospital Pasteur, entre julio y agosto de 2017. Los objetivos específicos fueron identificar los factores de riesgo, determinar los gérmenes más prevalentes, frecuencia de tratamiento con drenaje o antibioticoterapia y el tiempo medio entre la cirugía y el diagnóstico de ISQ. Se realizó un estudio observacional longitudinal prospectivo que incluyó a 99 pacientes. Se analizaron los datos utilizando regresión logística simple y múltiple mediante el software “R project”. La incidencia de infecciones fue de 11,11%. Diabetes mellitus (D.M.), estadía en CTI e institucionalización fueron factores de riesgo. La cirugía sucia se vinculó en forma liminal con la aparición de ISQ; la cirugía laparoscópica fue un factor protector. El microorganismo predominante fue E. Coli (42,85%), seguido de cultivos polimicrobianos (28,57%), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (14,28%) y Bacilos Gram Negativos no especificados (14,28%). En 36,6% de los pacientes infectados se administraron antibióticos, mientras que el 81,81% requirió drenaje. El tiempo medio entre la cirugía y la infección fue de 15,45 días. Se concluye que estos resultados deben ser considerados para la realización de investigaciones más exhaustivas y elaboración de protocolos pre y perioperatorios.Surgical site infections (SSI) are a common postoperative complication in general surgery, aff ecting patients prognosis and increasing health care costs. There is a lack of national data about this compli cation. The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of type I and II infections according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention classifi cation, in patients admitted in Hospital Pasteur who underwent abdominal or peripheral vascular surgery between July and August 2017. The specific objectives were to identify risk factors, determine most prevalent germs, treatment strategies applied (drainage or antibiotics) and delay between surgery and diagnosis of infection. A longitudinal, ob servational and prospective study was performed including 99 patients. Multiple and simple logistic regression models were used to analyze the data with R Project software. The incidence of surgical site infections was 11,11%. Diabetes Mellitus, ICU stay and institutionalization were significant risk factors. Dirty surgical wounds showed a liminal association with SSI. Laparoscopic surgery was a protective factor. E. Coli was the main germ found (42,85%), followed by polymicrobial isolation (28,57%), Klebsiella Pneumoniae (14,28%) and Gram-Negative Bacilli (14,28%). Antibiotics were administered in 36,36% of infected patients, while drainage was required in 81,81%. The mean time between surgery and infection diagnosis was 15,45 days. It is concluded that the results may provide orientation for further investigation and elaboration of pre and perioperative protocols

Developing a Latinx Youth Research Advisory Board to Address and Dismantle Structural Inequities in Emerging Latinx communities

In this proposal, we will create a multidisciplinary community-academic partnership to develop a Youth Participatory Action Research (YPAR) study with Latinx youth living in Pittsburgh, PA (or the surrounding region), which is an emerging (or new growth) Latinx immigrant community. Our team will use YPAR—an approach that centers youths’ voices in research by investigating and acting on issues that are of concern to youth and their families—to develop a Youth Research Action Collaborative. This Collaborative will include Latinx youth ages 14 to 18 with diverse backgrounds and experiences. Faculty will guide youth through creating and implementing research that aims to dismantle structural inequities, such as White supremacy, xenophobia, and language barriers. This “Teaming” grant includes community partners from the Latinx empowerment organization Casa San José, as well as a multidisciplinary team of faculty with backgrounds in psychology, social work, education, medicine, and public health. The goals of this proposal are threefold: 1) develop the Youth Research Action Collaborative with Latinx youth in Pittsburgh; 2) design and implement a research curriculum for youth leaders; and 3) conceptualize, implement, and analyze a pilot study using Photovoice to explore how structural racism impacts Latinx youth in Pittsburgh. Collaborations nurtured through this work, coupled with data from the YPAR project, will inform larger external grants to the National Institutes of Health and the WT Grant Foundation to develop a research program around addressing structural inequities experienced by Latinx youth in emerging Latinx communities

Showing Up: A Theoretical Model of Anti- Racist Identity and Action for Latinx Youth

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/174796/1/jora12747_am.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/174796/2/jora12747.pd

Recentering Action in Critical Consciousness

Scholarship on critical consciousness frames how people who are more marginalized deeply analyze, feel empowered to change, and take collective action to redress perceived inequities. These three dimensions correspond to critical reflection, motivation, and action, respectively. In this article, we aim to recenter action in scholarship on critical consciousness, given the disproportionate attention that has been paid to reflection. To achieve this aim, we review empirical associations between critical action and positive developmental consequences among more marginalized youth, highlight promising practices to foster critical action, and identify questions and key areas for inquiry. We hope this article motivates a recentering of critical action in scholarship, policy, and practice on critical consciousness.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166387/1/cdep12393.pdfhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/166387/2/cdep12393_am.pd