EFFECT OF PRANAYAMA AND YOGASANAS ON LIPID PROFILE IN NORMAL HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS

Background: The present study was conducted to assess the impact of Pranayama and Yogasanas on healthy individuals in Patanjali yoga centre, Kurnool. Methodology: 30 subjects in the age group of 25-35 years, of either sex were included in the study and none of them had a history of Lipid Metabolism Disorders. The scope and objectives of the present study were explained to the subjects and their written consent was obtained for participation in the study. The Institutional Ethical Committee had approved the study protocol and design. Pranayamas and yogasanas were practiced by the subjects for One and half hour on each day for three months. The Lipid profiles were compared one day prior and one day after experimental period. Result: A Significant reduction was observed in Total Triglycerides, Total Cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and LDL Cholesterol and a significant elevation of HDL-cholesterol was seen in the healthy volunteers at the end of 3 months. Conclusion: It was concluded from the results of the study that yoga practice has brought positive changes in the lipid profile in healthy individuals. The results of the present study indicate that Pranayama and yogasanas can be helpful in patients with lipid metabolism disorders Patients

EFFECT OF PRANAYAMA AND YOGASANAS ON LIPID PROFILE IN NORMAL HEALTHY VOLUNTEERS

Background: The present study was conducted to assess the impact of Pranayama and Yogasanas on healthy individuals in Patanjali yoga centre, Kurnool. Methodology: 30 subjects in the age group of 25-35 years, of either sex were included in the study and none of them had a history of Lipid Metabolism Disorders. The scope and objectives of the present study were explained to the subjects and their written consent was obtained for participation in the study. The Institutional Ethical Committee had approved the study protocol and design. Pranayamas and yogasanas were practiced by the subjects for One and half hour on each day for three months. The Lipid profiles were compared one day prior and one day after experimental period. Result: A Significant reduction was observed in Total Triglycerides, Total Cholesterol, VLDL-cholesterol and LDL Cholesterol and a significant elevation of HDL-cholesterol was seen in the healthy volunteers at the end of 3 months. Conclusion: It was concluded from the results of the study that yoga practice has brought positive changes in the lipid profile in healthy individuals. The results of the present study indicate that Pranayama and yogasanas can be helpful in patients with lipid metabolism disorders Patients

VARIATION OF PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE WITH BODY MASS INDEX IN THE FIRST YEAR MALE MEDICAL STUDENTS OF VISWABHARATHI MEDICAL COLLEGE, KURNOOL

Background: Obesity has become one of the major health issues in India. WHO defines obesity as “A condition with excessive fat accumulation in the body to the extent that the health and wellbeing are adversely affectedâ€. Obesity results from a complex interaction of genetic, behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic factors causing an imbalance in energy production and expenditure. Peak expiratory flow rate is the maximum rate of airflow that can be generated during forced expiratory maneuver starting from total lung capacity. The simplicity of the method is its main advantage. It is measured by using a standard Wright Peak Flow Meter or mini Wright Meter. The pulmonary disorders due to obesity results in increased mortality and morbidity. Aims: To study the effect of Body Mass Index on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Medical students. Methods & Methods: study was performed on 60 Male age group of 17-22 Years, categorized as normal Weight BMI= 18.5-24.99kg/m2 and overweight BMI= 25-29.99 Kg/m2. There were 30 students with normal Weight BMI and 30 students with overweight BMI. Normal weight BMI subjects acted as control group to compare the Peak Expiratory Flow Rate with over weight. The parameters studied were weight, height, age, body mass index and Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Student’s unpaired t-test was used for two group’s comparison. Results: The results of the investigation revealed a significantly lower Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) among the overweight BMI subjects compared to normal weight BMI subjects. Conclusion: Thus it is evident from the present study that obesity significantly affects the pulmonary functions which may give rise to long term complications and may lead to early morbidity and mortality.Key words: Peak Expiratory Flow Rate; Body Mass Index; Obesity

VARIATION OF PEAK EXPIRATORY FLOW RATE WITH BODY MASS INDEX IN THE FIRST YEAR MALE MEDICAL STUDENTS OF VISWABHARATHI MEDICAL COLLEGE, KURNOOL

Background: Obesity has become one of the major health issues in India. WHO defines obesity as “A condition with excessive fat accumulation in the body to the extent that the health and wellbeing are adversely affectedâ€. Obesity results from a complex interaction of genetic, behavioral, environmental and socioeconomic factors causing an imbalance in energy production and expenditure. Peak expiratory flow rate is the maximum rate of airflow that can be generated during forced expiratory maneuver starting from total lung capacity. The simplicity of the method is its main advantage. It is measured by using a standard Wright Peak Flow Meter or mini Wright Meter. The pulmonary disorders due to obesity results in increased mortality and morbidity. Aims: To study the effect of Body Mass Index on Peak Expiratory Flow Rate in Medical students. Methods & Methods: study was performed on 60 Male age group of 17-22 Years, categorized as normal Weight BMI= 18.5-24.99kg/m2 and overweight BMI= 25-29.99 Kg/m2. There were 30 students with normal Weight BMI and 30 students with overweight BMI. Normal weight BMI subjects acted as control group to compare the Peak Expiratory Flow Rate with over weight. The parameters studied were weight, height, age, body mass index and Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR). Student’s unpaired t-test was used for two group’s comparison. Results: The results of the investigation revealed a significantly lower Peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) among the overweight BMI subjects compared to normal weight BMI subjects. Conclusion: Thus it is evident from the present study that obesity significantly affects the pulmonary functions which may give rise to long term complications and may lead to early morbidity and mortality.Key words: Peak Expiratory Flow Rate; Body Mass Index; Obesity

BACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY OF POST-OPERATIVE WOUND INFECTIONS AND THEIR ANTIBIOGRAMS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are frequently occurring in postoperative complications. The present study is undertaken to isolate and determine the frequency of distribution of pathogens in post-operative wound infections and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the causative organisms. Methods: This cross-sectional, prospective study was carried out over a period of one year. 250 pus samples from cases of surgical site infections were processed for gram staining, culture, biochemical identification tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: Out of 250 patients of post-operative wound infections, 48 are cultured positive, among which 21 were gram-positive, and 27 were gram-negative. Staphylococcus aureus emerged as the commonest etiological agent 17 (35.42%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 (29.17%), E.coli 6 (12.5%). Amikacin (72.9%) was found to be the most effective antibiotic, and Multidrug resistance was observed with staphylococcus aureus (79.16%) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (83.3%). Conclusions: Staphylococcus aureus is the commonest etiological agent for Postoperative wound infections. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of various isolates helps in proper selection of antibiotics and in this study, it was found that Amikacin was the most effective antibiotic against postoperative wound infections. &nbsp

BACTERIOLOGICAL STUDY OF POST-OPERATIVE WOUND INFECTIONS AND THEIR ANTIBIOGRAMS IN A TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

Background: Surgical site infections (SSI) are frequently occurring in postoperative complications. The present study is undertaken to isolate and determine the frequency of distribution of pathogens in post-operative wound infections and the antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of the causative organisms. Methods: This cross-sectional, prospective study was carried out over a period of one year. 250 pus samples from cases of surgical site infections were processed for gram staining, culture, biochemical identification tests, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Results: Out of 250 patients of post-operative wound infections, 48 are cultured positive, among which 21 were gram-positive, and 27 were gram-negative. Staphylococcus aureus emerged as the commonest etiological agent 17 (35.42%) followed by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 14 (29.17%), E.coli 6 (12.5%). Amikacin (72.9%) was found to be the most effective antibiotic, and Multidrug resistance was observed with staphylococcus aureus (79.16%) and pseudomonas aeruginosa (83.3%). Conclusions: Staphylococcus aureus is the commonest etiological agent for Postoperative wound infections. Antibiotic susceptibility pattern of various isolates helps in proper selection of antibiotics and in this study, it was found that Amikacin was the most effective antibiotic against postoperative wound infections. &nbsp

A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF ONDANSETRON WITH RAMOSETRON IN PREVENTION OF POST-OPERATIVE NAUSEA AND VOMITING IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING GENERAL ANESTHESIA

Objective: Post-operative nausea and vomiting (PONV) is an unpleasant, distressing, and exhausting experience for patients. PONV may prolong recovery, delay patient discharge, and increase hospital costs. Prevention and treatment of PONV help to accelerate post-operative recovery and increase patient satisfaction. In this study, we compared the efficacy of Ondansetron and Ramosetron to prevent PONV in patients undergoing elective surgeries under general anaesthesia and also to study their side effects. Methods: Eighty patients (American Society of Anesthesiologists [ASA] I and II) between the age group of 18 and 65 years scheduled to undergo elective surgeries under general anaesthesia were randomly allocated into two groups. Group O received Ondansetron 4 mg and Group R received Ramosetron 0.3 mg intravenously before induction of anaesthesia. Episodes of nausea, vomiting, and retching were determined and noted in first 24 h after surgery at time intervals of 0–3 h, 3–6 h, 6–12 h, and 12–24 h. The incidence of adverse effects and the use of rescue anti-emetics were also noted in the post-operative period. At the end of the surgery, results were compiled and statistical analysis was done using Student’s “t” test and Chi-square test. p<0.05 was considered as significant. Results: The incidence of nausea was lower in patients receiving Ramosetron when compared to patients receiving Ondansetron especially in the 0–3 h period (p=0.032). This was statistically significant. The incidence nausea was lower in Group R during 3–6 h, 6–12 h, and 12–24 h period which was not statistically significant (p=1.000, p=0.359, p=1.000 respectively). The incidence of vomiting was lower in patients receiving Ramosetron when compared to patients receiving Ondansetron in the 0–3 h, 3–6 h, 6–12 h, and 12–24 h period, but it was not statistically significant (p=0.712, p=1.000, p=0.241, and p=0.116, respectively). The use of rescue anti-emetics and the incidence of adverse side effects were more in patients receiving Ondansetron when compared to patients receiving Ramosetron with no significance. Conclusion: Our study concludes that ramosetron was more effective than ondansetron in the prevention of post-operative nausea and was associated with fewer side effects comparatively