112 research outputs found
Buses and Vans - Assessing Public Transport Competition in Rio de Janeiro Brazil
Public transport systems play an important role in urban centres by determining to the population the available accessibility levels on their daily trips. In Brazilian cities as a consequence of the low level of services provided by conventional transport services one could see the expansion of paratransit operation in busy corridors. More recently, low capacity vehicles such as vans began to compete with conventional buses on the main routes. The service is considered a viable transport alternative to many users as well as a means of expanding the transport market to independent operators. The main objective of this paper is to assess the impacts of competition between buses (regulated market) and vans (paratransit) in Rio de Janeiro. The potential role played by low capacity vehicles such as vans to transport passengers in developing countries’ cities is also analysed.Institute of Transport and Logistics Studies. Faculty of Economics and Business. The University of Sydne
EFEITO DA MONENSINA SÓDICA NO CONSUMO DE ALIMENTOS E pH RUMINAL EM OVINOS
The main aim of the present research
work was the study of the effects of the ionophore
sodium monensin on feed voluntary intake and on the
pH of the ruminal liquid in sheep. Four Santa Inês non
pregnant, non lactating and rumen-cannulated lambs
were used within a Latin square experimental design
with four treatments: T1 - 0; T2 - 25; T3 - 50 and T4 - 75
mg monensin/animal/day. Feed, dry matter intake and
ruminal fluid pH were evaluated. Sampling of ruminal
fluid for pH determination was carried out at 0, 2, 4, 6
and 8 hours after feeding. According to the analysis of
variance no significant values were found for intake of
diet and dry matter, in regard to the levels of monensin.
No siginificant effect in the average values of ruminal
pH of each treatment and in the treatment x time
interaction were found, the pH values being considered
normal. There was a statistic difference in regard to the
values found along the day. The voluntary feed intake
and ruminal pH had not been influenced by the addition
of sodium monensin in the diet of the sheep, the pH values
remaining elevated, characterizing a good evironment of
ruminal fermentation.Objetivou-se avaliar os efeitos da adição
da monensina sódica no consumo de alimentos e no
pH do líquido ruminal em ovinos. Foram utilizadas quatro
ovelhas da raça Santa Inês, não prenhas, não lactantes
e canuladas no rúmen. O delineamento experimental
utilizado foi o quadrado latino, com quatro tratamentos
(T1 - 0; T2 - 25; T3 - 50 e T4 - 75 mg de monensina/
animal/dia). Foram avaliados o consumo de ração, de
matéria seca e o pH do fluido do rúmen. A colheita do
líquido ruminal para determinação do pH foi realizada
às 0; 2; 4; 6 e 8 horas após a alimentação. As análises
de variância para consumo de ração e de matéria seca
mostraram não haver efeito significativo dos níveis de
monensina. Não foi observado efeito significativo nos
valores médios do pH ruminal de cada tratamento e na
interação tratamento x tempo; os valores de pH ruminal
foram considerados normais. Houve diferença
estatística no decorrer das horas. O consumo voluntário
de alimentos e o pH do líquido ruminal não foram
influenciados pela adição da monensina sódica na dieta
dos ovinos, para a qual os valores de pH permaneceram
elevados, caracterizando um bom ambiente de
fermentação ruminal
Parboiled rice bran in japanese quail diets at growing phase and residual effect at laying period
Confirmation of the presence of Janicea antiguensis (Chace, 1972) (Decapoda: Barbouriidae) in northeastern and eastern Brazil
Desenvolvimento e produção das plantas de maracujazeiro-amarelo produzidas por enxertia hipocotiledonar sobre seis porta-enxertos
Estudo da enxertia hipocotiledonar do maracujazeiro-amarelo sobre dois porta-enxertos, através de microscopia eletrônica de varredura
Importance of bees in pollination of Solanum lycopersicum L. (Solanaceae) in open-field of the Southeast of Minas Gerais State, Brazil
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