8 research outputs found
Callus Induction from Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Seedlings and Leaves of Mature Tree
Callus induction was successfully carried out from several explants of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Callogenesis from the apex was tested on three different media containing Woody Plant Medium (WPM), Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) macronutrients supplemented with two different hormonal solutions: benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 4.44 ”M alone, or 2.22 ”M of BAP plus 5 ”M of 2-naphthalineacetic acid (NAA). Primary callus formation was obtained on a medium containing 88% WPM macronutrients. Callus formation from other parts of the plant was as follows:
â Cotyledon embryos extracted from immature seeds (85% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 ”M BAP and 5 ”M NAA);
â Cotyledon leaves taken from 7-day-old seedlings, obtained from in vitro germination of seeds (62% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 ”M BAP and 5 ”M NAA);
â Hypocotyls taken from 7-day-old seedlings (55% success rate on WPM containing 2.22 ”M BAP and 5 ”M NAA);
â Differentiated leaves taken from mature tree (84% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 ”M of BA and 2.26 ”M of NAA).
In general, production of primary calli and their growth after transplantation was better on WPM medium supplemented with 2.5 ”M NAA and 2.22 ”M BAP
Micropropagation of Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) by cotyledonary buds
La micropropagation du Caroubier (Ceratonia siliqua L.) par culture de bourgeons cotylédonaires de plantules
ùgées de 13 jours a été étudiée sur le milieu WPM additionné de microéléments et de vitamines MS. La
comparaison de lâeffet de quatre cytokinines (BAP, zĂ©atine, kinĂ©tine et 2-iP) a montrĂ© que la croissance des
pousses est surtout stimulĂ©e par la zĂ©atine (1 mg/l) ; alors que lâorganogenĂšse se fait mieux en prĂ©sence de la BAP
ou de la zĂ©atine (1 mg/l). Lâeffet de quatre auxines (AIA, AIB, ANA et 2,4-D) Ă faible concentration (0,1 mg/l)
combinĂ©es Ă la BAP (0,5 mg/l) a Ă©tĂ© aussi testĂ©, et a montrĂ© que lâANA favorise la croissance des plantules et la
nĂ©oformation de tiges. Toutefois, lâassociation de lâAG3 Ă diffĂ©rentes concentrations avec la BAP (0,5 mg/l) nâa
pas eu dâeffet significatif sur la culture de ces explants. La multiplication des pousses a Ă©tĂ© favorisĂ©e par des
concentrations moyennes de BAP (0,5 Ă 1 mg/l) seule ou associĂ©e avec lâAG3 (0,2 mg/l). Parmi les auxines
testĂ©es au cours de la phase dâenracinement, lâAIB (2 mg/l) sâest avĂ©rĂ© la plus efficace pour la rhizogenĂšse.In vitro micropropagation of Carob tree (Ceratonia siliqua L.) by cotyledonary buds taken from 13 day old
seedlings was attempted on Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with microelements and Murashige and
Skoog (MS) vitamins. Comparison of the effect of four cytokinines (benzylaminopurine, zeatin, kinetinand 2-iP)
has shown that seedling growth was stimulated by zeatin at 1 mg/L, while organogenesis was better under BAP or
zeatin at 1 mg/L. The effect of four auxins (AIA, AIB, ANA and 2,4-D) at low concentrations (0.1 mg/L)
combined with BAP at 0.5 mg/L has shown that Naphthalene Acetic Acid (NAA) stimulates better stem
formation and growth. Moreover, combination of Gibberellic Acid (GA3) at different concentrations with BAP at
0.5 mg/L did not show a significant effect on growth. Shoot multiplication was stimulated by medium
concentrations of BAP (0.5 - 1 mg/L) alone or with GA3 at 0.2 mg/L. Among the auxins tested during rooting,
Indol-3-Butyric Acid (IBA) (2 mg/L) was found to be the most efficient for root formation
Determination of Polyphenols Content in Carob Pulp from Wild and Domesticated Moroccan Trees
Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) fruit pulp from 12 wild and 8 domesticated trees from 15 Moroccan localities were investigated for their polyphenols contents: total polyphenols content (53.22 - 118.04 mg and 57.46 - 183.31 mg), total flavonoids (1.41 - 4.83 mg and 1.62 - 7.46 mg) and condensed tannins (1.47 - 7.36 mg and 1.85 - 6.66 mg) in one carob fresh pulp for wild and domesticated trees, respectively. Fruit pulp from trees in the same region shows variable contents in polyphenols, flavonoids and condensed tannins
Callus Induction from Carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.) Seedlings and Leaves of Mature Tree
Callus induction was successfully carried out from several explants of carob (Ceratonia siliqua L.). Callogenesis from the apex was tested on three different media containing Woody Plant Medium (WPM), Murashige and Skoog (MS) or Schenk and Hildebrandt (SH) macronutrients supplemented with two different hormonal solutions: benzylaminopurine (BAP) at 4.44 ”M alone, or 2.22 ”M of BAP plus 5 ”M of 2-naphthalineacetic acid (NAA). Primary callus formation was obtained on a medium containing 88% WPM macronutrients. Callus formation from other parts of the plant was as follows:
â Cotyledon embryos extracted from immature seeds (85% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 ”M BAP and 5 ”M NAA);
â Cotyledon leaves taken from 7-day-old seedlings, obtained from in vitro germination of seeds (62% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 ”M BAP and 5 ”M NAA);
â Hypocotyls taken from 7-day-old seedlings (55% success rate on WPM containing 2.22 ”M BAP and 5 ”M NAA);
â Differentiated leaves taken from mature tree (84% success rate on WPM medium, containing 4.44 ”M of BA and 2.26 ”M of NAA).
In general, production of primary calli and their growth after transplantation was better on WPM medium supplemented with 2.5 ”M NAA and 2.22 ”M BAP
Assessment of the effect of environmental factors on the antagonism of bacillus amyloliquefaciens and trichoderma harzianum to colletotrichum acutatum
The effect of temperature (18ËC - 30ËC), water activity (0.85 - 1) and pH (4 - 9) was studied by dual culture technique on the antagonism of Bacillus amyloliquefaciens and Trichoderma harzianum to Colletotrichum acutatum, responsible of strawberry (Fragaria x ananassa (Weston) Duchesne ex Rozier) anthracnose. The antagonistic bacteriaâs strains behave significantly and differently according to the parameters studied. These results reveal useful information about the applicability of their biocontrol in agricultural culture with the change of environmental factors
Biosorption of Hexavalent Chromium Cr(VI) onto Ziziphus Lotus Fruits Powder: Kinetics, Equilibrium, and Thermodynamics
Ziziphus lotus has been the subject of several researchs because of its nutritional benefits and ecological attributes. The removal of hexavalent chromium Cr(VI) from a solution using powdered Zizphus lotus fruits, for its qualities of being inexpensive as well as environmentally friendly, was investigated. The results obtained showed that at pH=2, at 30°C, after 600 min of adsorbent/adsorbate contact, with 100 mg/L as initial concentration of Cr(VI) and a biosorbent dosage of 5 g/ L, the biosorption of Cr (VI) on Zizphus lotus fruit powder (ZLFP) is at its maximum rate. The sorption process was exothermic (âH° = - 6.69 kJ/mol), and was characterized by a positive entropy values (âS° = 46.76 J/K mol) suggesting a high affinity of the ZLFP for Cr (VI). Given that the Gibbs free energy (âG°) is negative and decreases as temperatures increase from 293 to 323 K, the process of biosorption is both feasible and spontaneous. The Temkin model and the Langmuir model both generated excellent fits to the equilibrium data. The maximum monolayer biosorption capacity was 36.11 mg/g. The pseudo second order model was used to fit the kinetic data relating to the adsorption of Cr (VI) on the FP. The FTIR spectral analysis allowed the characterization of the biochemical groups mainly involved in the sorption of Cr (VI) ions on the ZLFP, and which are : NâC, H-O, OâC, H-C, and O=C. The capacity of Ziziphus lotus fruit (ZLFP) as an inexpensive, effective, and ecofriendly biosorbent is confirmed through this study
Micropropagation of Carob (Ceratonia silique L.) through Adventitious Buds of Immature Embryonic Cotyledons
Adventitious budding from embryonic cotyledons of immature seeds of carob was obtained. The combination of BAP (4.44 ÎŒM) and NAA (1.5 ÎŒM) furthered the neoformation of adventitious buds. These latter were multiplied on MS medium added with BAP (2.22 ÎŒM). Stems and leaves growing were improved by adding 2.02 ÎŒM GA3. Elongation was favored by 0.5 ÎŒM NAA. 70% of rooting was obtained with 10 ÎŒM IBA