Assessing the contribution of Community-Based Natural Resources Management Programme to environmental sustainability in Ondo State, Nigeria Adisa,

This study assessed Community-Based Natural Resources Management Programme (CBNRMP) for environmental sustainability in Ondo State, Nigeria. Data were gathered through a structured interview schedule from 120 rural dwellers participating in CBNRMP. Data collected were described with descriptive statistical tools such as frequency counts, percentage, mean and standard deviation while correlation was used for the inferential to test the hypothesis set. The study showed that the mean age of rural dwellers participating in CBNRMP in the study area was 56.2±16.8 years, many (56.7%) of the respondents were married and spent an average of 12.3±9.5 years in formal schooling. The majority (83.3%) of the respondents took farming as a main occupation; information about CBNRMP was sourced through extension workers (66.7%) and television/radio (60.0%). In addition, majority (81.7%) of the respondents asserted that they are well aware of the programme before its commencement and it has improved their socio economic status. There was a positive significant relationship (r=0.578; P≤ 0.01) between improvement in socio economic status of the participating communities  and their perception about the programme. Since improvement was noticed in the socio economic status of participating communities, CBNRMP is recommended for other states outside the Niger Delta region.Key words: Assessment, community-based, natural resources, socio-environmental sustainability, management

Perception of Agricultural Produce Transporters about HIV/AIDS in Selected Rural Community Markets in Ondo State, Nigeria

The study was carried out to determine the perception of produce transporters about the mode of contracting, preventing and control measures of HIV/AIDS in selected rural community markets in Ondo State, Nigeria. Nine community markets were purposively selected for the study based on availability of farm produce transporters in each of the rural community market. On the whole, 150 respondents were involved in the study. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the data collected, while inferential statistics, such as correlation was used to test the hypothesis set. Analysis showed that the average age of the respondents was 44, with standard deviation of 15. The respondents have perception about the fact that having many sexual partners can increase the risk of having HIV/AIDS (X=4.63), that abstinence from any kind of sexual intercourse prevents HIV/AIDS(X=4.49) and that HIV/AIDS can be controlled by promotion of healthy relationships and educational programmes in social and educational institutions(X=4.60). Analysis also showed that social organization (r=0.222:p≤0.05), years of formal education (r=0.479:p≤0.01) have significant relationships with the transporters’ perception about mode of contracting, preventing and controlling of HIV/AIDS. Also, age (r=-0.188:p≤0.05), household size(r=-0.245≤0.01) have significant relationship with their perception about the mode of contracting, preventing and control measures of HIV/AIDS and the relationship is inverse. The conclusion made from this study was that age, social organisation, years of formal education, household size of the produce transporters determine their perception about their mode of contracting, preventing and control measures of HIV/AIDS. This study recommended that more enlightened programmes be organized at public places and in mass media

Access to Land and Food Security: Analysis of ‘Priority Crops’ Production in Ogun State, Nigeria

Using Ogun State located in south-western Nigeria, this chapter draws attention to the increase in output productivity of priority crops in the State from 2003 to 2015 due to the acquisitions of over 47,334 hectares of agricultural land across 28 communities in different Local Government Areas (LGAs). From Ogun State Agriculture Data, eight priority crops are analyzed: cassava, maize, rice, melon, yam, cocoyam, potato and cowpea. Statistics reveal that the cultivation of cassava gives the highest average output of 4,515,620 metric tonnes and yield per hectare of 16.41 relative to other produce which affirms that Ogun State has the most comparative advantage in the cultivation of cassava followed by maize. The chapter further explores other pro-poor programmes directed at ensuring food security in the State

Ensuring Household Food Security through Arable Crop Farmers Participation in Farmers Field School as an Extension Approach: An Empirical Evidence from Osun State, Nigeria

Due to inadequacy of Training & Visit extension approach used by Agricultural Development Programme (ADP), the government introduced another extension approach called Farmer Field School (FFS) to fill up the gap left by T&V. The study determined the effect of FFS on arable crops production in Osun State, Nigeria. Four Local Government Areas were purposively selected based on their participation in FFS. Structured interview schedule duelly validated and pretested was used for data collection. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for the data analysis. The study revealed that farmers participated in trainings and other capacity building activities that were carried out in the school. It also revealed that almost all the respondents indicated the usefulness of FFS and that it has contributed to increase in their farm income and productivity. The major challenges which militated against effective and efficient operations of FFS were inadequate agricultural credit and non-availability of farm inputs. Correlation analysis showed that there were positive and significant relationship between the farm size, number of people assisting on the farm and effect of FFS. Education had positive and no significant relationship with the effect of the FFS. There was significant difference between the technical efficiency of respondents before and after joining FFS. Their technical efficiency increased after the training in FFS. It is recommended that the farmers should be provided with agricultural credit in cash and kind so as to boost their agricultural production and this should be done on time through proper channel for effective distribution

Odontogenic tumours in Children and Adilescents: A Review od Forty-Eight Cases

Objectives: Odontogenic tumours comprise a large heterogeneous group of lesions originating from odontogenic epithelium and/or ectomesenchyme and its vestiges. The aim of this study was to analyze odontogenic tumours in children and adolescents seen at a tertiary institution in South Western Nigeria and compare with results from previous studies.Material and Methods: Archival records of the Department of Oral Pathology, University College Hospital Ibadan were reviewed. All histologically diagnosed odontogenic tumours in patients 19 years and below spanning a period of 21 years (1990-2011) were retrieved. Data regarding age, gender, and tumor topography were analyzed using SPSS for Window (version 18.0; SPSS Inc. Chicago, IL)Results: One hundred and forty seven jaw swellings were seen in children and adolescents aged 19 or less during the study period, out of which 48 (32.7%) were odontogenic tumours. More cases were seen in males than females with a male: female ratio of 7:5. The mandible was the commonest site of occurrence with mandible: maxilla ratio of 11:4. Ameloblastoma was the commonest odontogenic tumours with 14 (29.1%) solid ameloblastoma and 9 (18.8%) cystic ameloblastoma cases followed by fibromyxoma with 8 (16.7%) cases. calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumour , calcifying cystic odontogenic tumour and odontogenic fibroma were occasionally seen.Conclusion: This study showed that ameloblastoma was the most common odontogenic tumour in children and no case of odontoma was seen. Odontogenic tumours in children and adolescents may not be as rare as previously reported by some authors and inclusion of keratocystic odontogenic tumour in this study slightly affected the relative incidence of odontogenic tumors in children and adolescents.Keywords: Adolescents, Children, Odontogenic tumour

Nigerian's threatened environment: an obstacle to rural poverty eradication

The paper focus on the state of Nigeria's environment as it affects rural poverty eradication. It examined the dimensions of environmental problems in Nigeria as a whole and the rural areas in particular. Issues like biodiversity conservation, forest conservation, wildlife management, drought and desertification control efforts were critically examined. The impact of environmental problem on rural resources and it consequence especially affects crop and livestock production, rural water supply and sustainable livelihood. Further more, the various ways by which environmental problems affected rural poverty alleviation where examined. Also the linkage between environment and poverty alleviation in rural were discussed the paper concluded that there are valuable natural resources in the country on which people lived. These resources needs to be wisely, managed responsibly, carefully conserved, and used wisely. The paper recommended community participation in environmental policy formulation, planning and implementation.Journal of Environmental Extension Vol 5 2005: 51-5

EFFECT OF FARMERS CHARACTERISTICS AND THEIR SOURCES OF INFORMATION ON IMPROVED RABBIT MANAGEMENT PRACTICES IN OSUN STATE, NIGERIA

This study focuses on the extent to which some characteristics of rabbit farmers are related to sources of information on improved rabbit management practices. The sources of information investigated were extension agents, mass media, neighbours/friends and relatives, veterinary doctors/officers and contact farmers/local leaders. A structured interview schedule was utilized in obtaining information from one hundred and seventy eight (178) respondents. Data were analyzed using frequency count and percentages, while chi – square (x2) analysis was used to establish relationship between selected rabbit keepers characteristics and sources of information used. The study revealed that there were significant relationship between gender, level of education and years of experience in rabbit keeping and use of ADP extension agents. Also, there were significant relationship between age, education, herd size and use of veterinary doctors/officers/salesmen/dealers as sources of information. Significant relationship also exists between age, education, herd size, membership of organizations and use of neighbours/friends and relatives as source of information by rabbit keepers. There were significant relationship between age, education, herd size/or number of rabbit kept and use of mass media as source of information. The simple implication of this finding is that age, education, herd size and experience were the major determinants of information sources used by rabbit keepers in the study area. The study therefore recommends a participatory approach to innovation generation and dissemination so as to enhance early adoption of innovations. African Journal of Livestock Extension Vol.3 2004: 37-4

Assessment of the environment-related problems and prospects of vegetable production in Peri - urban areas of Lagos State, Nigeria

The study attempted to assess the environment-related problems and prospects of vegetable production in peri – urban areas of Lagos state, Nigeria. A total of one hundred and twenty (120) farmers were interviewed. Data collected were analyzed using frequency, percentages and Pearson Product Moment Correlation coefficient. Frequency distribution show that majority of the respondents were within the ages of 36 – 55 years (75%); about 87.50 percent are literate, 71.67 percent of them are members of groups, while 91.67 percent of the farmers sampled favoured the suitability of the alluvial soil high in organic manure in the vegetable production. The hypotheses testing show that age does not have significant relationship with vegetable production while household size, farming experience and farm size do have significant relationship with vegetable production. Education and vegetable production were negatively significant but related. Sequel to the findings of the study, it is recommended that government should give serious considerations to the promotion of this business enterprise and necessary incentive should be made available to encourage the farmers to practice vegetable production.Keywords: assessment, problems, prospects, vegetable production and peri – urban areasJournal of Environmental Extension Vol 5 2005: 18-2

WOMEN\'S INVOLVEMENT IN THE PRODUCTION OF SMALL DOMESTIC RUMINANTS IN IJEBU NORTH LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, OGUN–STATE, NIGERIA

The study examines women's involvement in the production of small domestic ruminants, making Ijebu – North Local Government Area of Ogun – State, Nigeria a case study. The study covered 120 respondents (women) involved in keeping small ruminants domestically. Data were obtained with the use of structured interview schedule and analyzed with the use of descriptive statistics such as means and percentages. Chi-Square was further used to test the stated hypothesis. The study reveals that women were involved in keeping small ruminants irrespective of their age, marital status and level of education. Also no significant relationship was recorded for all socio-economic characteristics tested. Their contact with veterinary and extension services was low. It was therefore suggested that extension efforts should be intensified to enlighten the women on proper management of their small domestic ruminants. African Journal of Livestock Extension Vol.3 2004: 50-5