129 research outputs found
Retrospective Assessment of Animals Experimentation Projects in Romania â A Critical Analysis of Non-Technical Summaries
The aim of the present inquiry was to design an overview about the non-technical summaries available on the web page of the National Sanitary Veterinary and Food Safety Agency (Romania). We analyzed the compliance to the requirement of replacement, reduction and refinement (the 3Râs). 56 projects were found, the most of them (48), were assigned as âbasic researchâ, 2 as âtranslational and applied researchâ, 2 as âregulatory use and routine analysisâ, while 4 projects targeted âhigher education or trainingâ. The most common animals species used were rats, and mice, followed by rabbits, pigs, hamsters, guinea pigs and frogs (Rana sp.). According to cumulative severity of the project, 20 projects were classified as âsevereâ, six as âmoderateâ, three âmildâ, and three as ânon-recoveryâ. 24 projects had nor a severity assessment, neither a proper description of the level of severity. In our opinion, the number of projects classified as âsevereâ is too high; at least for some of them, the level of severity could be reduced using appropriate pain control techniques and / or human end-points. Overall, our recommendation is further improving the knowledge and skills of the personal involved in authorization and execution of the projects and of the authority inspectors that authorized the projects
Caralluma Acutangula Prevents Body Weight Gain in Rats Feed on Hyperlipidic Diet
Caralluma acutangula (Decne.) (CA) (Asclepiadaceae) is a medicinal plant traditionally used in Burkina Faso for the management of weight. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of extract of CA on body weight, food intake, blood biochemistry parameters on experimental obesity rat model. One group received CA 400 mg/kg b.w. per day and was fed on hyperlipidic diet (HD), while the control group received HD only for three weeks long. The phytochemical investigation of extract showed a high total phenolic content (36.21±1.36 mg GAE/100mg of extract) and total flavonoids (4.98 ±0.31 QE/100 mg of extract). In the end, CA-HD treated group had a body weight loss of 2%, compared to HD group who presented a body weight gain of 15%. The CA-HD treated group showed also a lower levels of plasma triglyceride (136.57±13.82 mg/dL) and glycemia (187.74±31.16 mg/dL) compared to HD (206.02±23.82 and respectively 230.96±79.07 mg/dL) (p<0.05). CA extract also showed a good anti-oxidant activity in vivo (effect on antioxydant enzyme (MDA, GPX, SOD) and in vitro (inhibition of DPPH radical, ferric ion reduction). This study showed that CA is a potential natural remedy for the control of body weight and alleviation of obesity related disease
The Efficiency of Rectal Fluid Therapy in Moderately Dehydrated Horses
Dehydration and hydro-electrolytic imbalances are relatively common and life threatening conditions in many animal species including horses. In the present study, we highlighted the efficacy of rectal rehydration in horses, nowadays less commonly used. The study was performed on eight non-pregnant mares (Romanian semigreus and LipiĆŁan breeds), from Beclean horse stud farm, affected by mild dehydration. The method consists in rectal administration in the form of a high enema of a balanced polyionic solution by using an esophageal tube; the solution contains water, sodium chloride and potassium chloride. Blood samples were collected on EDTA and procoagulant vacutainers, before and after fluid therapy. Laboratory investigations include complete blood count and electrolytes measurement, total protein, albumin, and creatinine. Expectedly, dehydrated animals shown borderline elevated hematocrit associated with mild relative hyperproteinemia and hypernatremia, and elevated uremia levels. In all cases, the parameters were restored in response to therapy, and no side effects were recorded
Measurement of the production cross section of prompt Îc0 baryons at midrapidity in pp collisions at âs = 5.02 TeV
The transverse momentum (pT) differential cross section of the charm-strange baryon Î0c is measured at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) via its semileptonic decay into e+ÎâÎœe in pp collisions at sâ = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The ratio of the pT-differential Î0c-baryon and D0-meson production cross sections is also reported. The measurements are compared with simulations with different tunes of the PYTHIA 8 event generator, with predictions from a statistical hadronisation model (SHM) with a largely augmented set of charm-baryon states beyond the current lists of the Particle Data Group, and with models including hadronisation via quark coalescence. The pT-integrated cross section of prompt Î0c-baryon production at midrapidity is also reported, which is used to calculate the baryon-to-meson ratio Î0c/D0 = 0.20 ± 0.04 (stat.)+0.08â0.07 (syst.). These results provide an additional indication of a modification of the charm fragmentation from e+eâ and eâp collisions to pp collisions
Measurement of the production cross section of prompt Îc0 baryons at midrapidity in pp collisions at âs = 5.02 TeV
The transverse momentum (pT) differential cross section of the charm-strange baryon Î0c is measured at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) via its semileptonic decay into e+ÎâÎœe in pp collisions at sâ = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The ratio of the pT-differential Î0c-baryon and D0-meson production cross sections is also reported. The measurements are compared with simulations with different tunes of the PYTHIA 8 event generator, with predictions from a statistical hadronisation model (SHM) with a largely augmented set of charm-baryon states beyond the current lists of the Particle Data Group, and with models including hadronisation via quark coalescence. The pT-integrated cross section of prompt Î0c-baryon production at midrapidity is also reported, which is used to calculate the baryon-to-meson ratio Î0c/D0 = 0.20 ± 0.04 (stat.)+0.08â0.07 (syst.). These results provide an additional indication of a modification of the charm fragmentation from e+eâ and eâp collisions to pp collisions
Measurement of the production cross section of prompt Î0 c baryons at midrapidity in pp collisions at âs = 5.02 TeV
The transverse momentum (pT) differential cross section of the charm-strange baryon Î0c is measured at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) via its semileptonic decay into e+ÎâÎœe in pp collisions at sâ = 5.02 TeV with the ALICE detector at the LHC. The ratio of the pT-differential Î0c-baryon and D0-meson production cross sections is also reported. The measurements are compared with simulations with different tunes of the PYTHIA 8 event generator, with predictions from a statistical hadronisation model (SHM) with a largely augmented set of charm-baryon states beyond the current lists of the Particle Data Group, and with models including hadronisation via quark coalescence. The pT-integrated cross section of prompt Î0c-baryon production at midrapidity is also reported, which is used to calculate the baryon-to-meson ratio Î0c/D0 = 0.20 ± 0.04 (stat.)+0.08â0.07 (syst.). These results provide an additional indication of a modification of the charm fragmentation from e+eâ and eâp collisions to pp collisions
Measurement of beauty and charm production in pp collisions at âs = 5.02 TeV via non-prompt and prompt D mesons
The pT-differential production cross sections of prompt and non-prompt (produced in beauty-hadron decays) D mesons were measured by the ALICE experiment at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) in proton-proton collisions at âs = 5.02 TeV. The data sample used in the analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of (19.3 ± 0.4) nbâ1. D mesons were reconstructed from their decays D0 â KâÏ+, D+ â KâÏ+Ï+, and D+sâÏÏ+âKâK+Ï+ and their charge conjugates. Compared to previous measurements in the same rapidity region, the cross sections of prompt D+ and D+s mesons have an extended pT coverage and total uncertainties reduced by a factor ranging from 1.05 to 1.6, depending on pT, allowing for a more precise determination of their pT-integrated cross sections. The results are well described by perturbative QCD calculations. The fragmentation fraction of heavy quarks to strange mesons divided by the one to non-strange mesons, fs/(fu + fd), is compatible for charm and beauty quarks and with previous measurements at different centre-of-mass energies and collision systems. The bbÂŻ production cross section per rapidity unit at midrapidity, estimated from non-prompt D-meson measurements, is dÏbbÂŻ/dyâŁ|y|<0.5=34.5±2.4(stat)+4.7â2.9(tot.syst) ÎŒb. It is compatible with previous measurements at the same centre-of-mass energy and with the cross section predicted by perturbative QCD calculations
Measurement of beauty and charm production in pp collisions at âs = 5.02 TeV via non-prompt and prompt D mesons
The pT-differential production cross sections of prompt and non-prompt (produced in beauty-hadron decays) D mesons were measured by the ALICE experiment at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) in proton-proton collisions at sâs = 5.02 TeV. The data sample used in the analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of (19.3 ± 0.4) nbâ1. D mesons were reconstructed from their decays D0 â KâÏ+, D+ â KâÏ+Ï+, and D+sâÏÏ+âKâK+Ï+Ds+âÏÏ+âKâK+Ï+ and their charge conjugates. Compared to previous measurements in the same rapidity region, the cross sections of prompt D+ and D+sDs+ mesons have an extended pT coverage and total uncertainties reduced by a factor ranging from 1.05 to 1.6, depending on pT, allowing for a more precise determination of their pT-integrated cross sections. The results are well described by perturbative QCD calculations. The fragmentation fraction of heavy quarks to strange mesons divided by the one to non-strange mesons, fs/(fu + fd), is compatible for charm and beauty quarks and with previous measurements at different centre-of-mass energies and collision systems. The bbÂŻÂŻÂŻbbÂŻ production cross section per rapidity unit at midrapidity, estimated from non-prompt D-meson measurements, is dÏbbÂŻÂŻÂŻ/dyâŁâŁ|y|<0.5=34.5±2.4(stat)+4.7â2.9(tot.syst)dÏbbÂŻ/dy||y|<0.5=34.5±2.4(stat)â2.9+4.7(tot.syst) ÎŒb. It is compatible with previous measurements at the same centre-of-mass energy and with the cross section pre- dicted by perturbative QCD calculations
Measurement of beauty and charm production in pp collisions at âs = 5.02 TeV via non-prompt and prompt D mesons
The pT-differential production cross sections of prompt and non-prompt (produced in beauty-hadron decays) D mesons were measured by the ALICE experiment at midrapidity (|y| < 0.5) in proton-proton collisions at âs = 5.02 TeV. The data sample used in the analysis corresponds to an integrated luminosity of (19.3 ± 0.4) nbâ1. D mesons were reconstructed from their decays D0 â KâÏ+, D+ â KâÏ+Ï+, and D+sâÏÏ+âKâK+Ï+ and their charge conjugates. Compared to previous measurements in the same rapidity region, the cross sections of prompt D+ and D+s mesons have an extended pT coverage and total uncertainties reduced by a factor ranging from 1.05 to 1.6, depending on pT, allowing for a more precise determination of their pT-integrated cross sections. The results are well described by perturbative QCD calculations. The fragmentation fraction of heavy quarks to strange mesons divided by the one to non-strange mesons, fs/(fu + fd), is compatible for charm and beauty quarks and with previous measurements at different centre-of-mass energies and collision systems. The bbÂŻ production cross section per rapidity unit at midrapidity, estimated from non-prompt D-meson measurements, is dÏbbÂŻ/dyâŁ|y|<0.5=34.5±2.4(stat)+4.7â2.9(tot.syst) ÎŒb. It is compatible with previous measurements at the same centre-of-mass energy and with the cross section predicted by perturbative QCD calculations
Kaonâproton strong interaction at low relative momentum via femtoscopy in PbâPb collisions at the LHC
In quantum scattering processes between two particles, aspects characterizing the strong and Coulomb forces can be observed in kinematic distributions of the particle pairs. The sensitivity to the interaction potential reaches a maximum at low relative momentum and vanishing distance between the two particles. Ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions at the LHC provide an abundant source of many hadron species and can be employed as a measurement method of scattering parameters that is complementary to scattering experiments. This study confirms that momentum correlations of particles produced in PbâPb collisions at the LHC provide an accurate measurement of kaonâproton scattering parameters at low relative momentum, allowing precise access to the Kâp â Kâp process. This work also validates the femtoscopic measurement in ultrarelativistic heavy-ion collisions as an alternative to scattering experiments and a complementary tool to the study of exotic atoms with comparable precision. In this work, the first femtoscopic measurement of momentum correlations of Kâp (K+p) and K+p (Kâp) pairs in PbâPb collisions at centre-of-mass energy per nucleon pair of âsNN = 5.02 TeV registered by the ALICE experiment is reported. The components of the Kâp complex scattering length are extracted and found to be f0 = â0.91 ± 0.03(stat)+0.17 â0.03(syst) and f0 = 0.92 ± 0.05(stat)+0.12 â0.33(syst). The results are compared with chiral effective field theory predictions as well as with existing data from dedicated scattering and exotic kaonic atom experiments
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