Cellulase Dissolution: Electron Microscopic Technique for the Study of Chemically Modified Cotton

17-24<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:="" minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Cross-sections of some ethers and esters of cotton cellulose at different degrees of substitution were examined electron microscopically by the cellulase dissolution technique. The results have confirmed that this technique has many advantages over the conventional cuene dissolution technique and can be used effectively as a microsolubility test for examining a wide range of chemically modified cottons. The cellulase of Penicillium funiculosum acts exclusively on the unreacted cellulose of the modified cotton and unlike cuene does not distort the ultra structural morphology of the cross-section. This technique also enables quick evaluation of cotton modified for mildew and rot resistance.</span

Pectin Decomposition by Species of Pseudomonas and Their Role in the Retting of Malvaceous Plants

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Electron Microscopic Studies on Cotton Knits Durable Press Finished by Different Techniques

45-52<span style="font-size:11.0pt;line-height:115%; font-family:" calibri","sans-serif";mso-ascii-theme-font:minor-latin;mso-fareast-font-family:="" "times="" new="" roman";mso-fareast-theme-font:minor-fareast;mso-hansi-theme-font:="" minor-latin;mso-bidi-font-family:"times="" roman";mso-ansi-language:en-us;="" mso-fareast-language:en-us;mso-bidi-language:ar-sa"="">Two cotton knitted fabrics, one of honeycomb and the other of sinker body structure, were durable press finished with dimethylol dihydroxyethylene urea (DMDHEU) using three techniques, viz. pad-cure, moist-cure and wet-fix treatment with and without the polymeric stiffening additive Daikanol AMH in the treatment bath. Scanning and transmission electron micrographs of the finished knitted fabrics showed that the finishing conditions employed in each technique have a profound influence on the extent of swelling and uniform distribution of DMDHEU crosslinks in the finished fabrics. The moist-cure finished samples showed more uniform swelling and distribution of crosslinks as compared to the pad-cure and wet-fix treated samples. The use of the polymeric stiffening additive Daikanol AMH in the wet-fix treatment bath gave a mixed cross-section of both the collapsed and swollen structures with predominance of the latter.</span