Relation of inflammatory markers with both presence and severity of hyperemesis gravidarum

Objectives: The aim of our study is to determine the newly introduced systemic inflammation marker, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in hyperemesis gravidarum (HG) patients and to investigate the association between severity of the disease and NLR. Method: The study population consisted of 55 pregnant patients with HG and 50 pregnant women without complaints matched for gestational age as a control group. The HG patients were grouped as mild (n=16), moderate (n=19) and severe (n=20) according to Modified Pregnancy- Unique Quantification of Emesis and Nausea Scoring Index Questionnaire. Furthermore, hsCRP, neutrophils, lymphocytes, and NLR were evaluated with complete blood count. Results: The HG group had significantly higher NLR values compared to the control group (2.69±1.81 vs 1.97±1.34, p=0.004). HsCRP levels were significantly higher among HG patients compared to the control group (1.95±2.2 vs 0.56±0.30,

Factors Associated with Substance Use in Adolescents Under Legally Required Health Care

Objective:In this study, cases who applied to the polyclinic, where we followed the patients under legally required health care clinic in the last year, were evaluated. It was aimed to compare the socio-demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who use and do not use substances.Methods:Between September 2021 and August 2022, the files of cases aged 14-18 years with health precautions were reviewed retrospectively. Data of 75 cases with complete file information were recorded and analyzed.Results:Seventy-five patients (47 girls, 28 boys) were included in the study. Thirty four patients (21 girls, 13 boys) had substanceuse. The mean age was 15.9±1.2 years and the mean duration of education was 9.5±1.9 years. Legally required counseling was 72% (n=54), education was 29.3% (n=22), institutional care was 22.7% (n=17) Smoking and alcohol use (p=0.001) school absenteeism (p=0.002), criminal behavior (p=0.012), number of negative life events (p=0.025), exposure to emotional abuse (p=0.025) and care measures (p=0.017) were found to be higher in patients with substance use. Academic achievement was lower in patients using substance (p=0.001). Substance use was found to be higher in those residing in the city center than in the districts and rural areas (p=0.002). At least one psychiatric diagnosis (p=0.001), more than one psychiatric diagnosis (p=0.001) and conduct disorder (p=0.016) were detected more frequently in the substance abuser group. Cannabis was the most frequently used substance (79.4%) in the group using drugs.Conclusion:Adolescents who are monitored with in the scope of under legally required health care and who use substances are different from the non-substance use group in terms of some socio-demographic and clinical characteristics. Knowing these features can contribute to the prevention and treatment studies of forensic medicine and child and adolescent mental health clinics working with patients who receive legally required treatment. Therefore, it is recommended to increase cooperation between the clinics

Utilisation of the binders prepared from coal tar pitch and phenolic resins for the production metallurgical quality briquettes from coke breeze and the study of their high temperature carbonization behaviour

To reduce the cost of the formed coke briquettes which can be used as a substitute fuel to the metallurgical coke for the blast furnace from the coke breeze alternative binders and their blends were used. The high temperature behavior was investigated. The binders tested were: the nitrogen blown, air blown coal tar pitch and the blend of air blown coal tar pitch with the phenolic resins blends. The phenolic resin blends were prepared by mixing equal amount of resole and novalac. From the results, nitrogen blowing resulted in the weakest briquettes. The air blowing procedure should be preferred in place of nitrogen blowing for this purpose. When the air blown coal tar pitch was used alone as a binder, the briquettes must be cured at 200 degrees C for 2 h, then carbonized at a temperature above 670 degrees C. Since it requires higher temperature at carbonization stage, using air blown coal tar pitch alone as a binder was not economical. Therefore, the briquettes were prepared from the blended binder, containing air blown coal tar pitch and phenolic resins blend. The optimum amount of air blown coal tar pitch was found to be 50% w/w in the blended binder. Curing the briquettes at 200 degrees C for 2 h was found to be sufficient for producing strong briquettes with a tensile strength of 50.45 MN/m(2). When these cured briquettes were carbonized at temperatures 470 degrees C, 670 degrees C and 950 degrees C. their strength were increasing continuously, reaching to 71.85 MN/m(2) at the carbonization temperature of 950 degrees C. These briquettes can be used as a substitute for the metallurgical coke after curing; the process might not require un-economical high temperature carbonization stage. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

The affects of heat and/or acid treatment on bleaching properties of serpentine to be utilized in reclaiming waste engine oil

In this study, the effect of heat and/or acid treatment on the bleaching properties of the serpentine gathered from Kayseri city of Turkey was investigated. Waste engine oil was reclaimed in two steps. First of all, it was pre-cleaned by solvent extraction, then bleached with heat and/or acid treated serpentine. The results obtained were evaluated by utilizing XRF, XRD, FT-IR, TGA, BET and SEM analyses. It was found that; the raw serpentine has to be heat treated above 700 degrees C until all of the serpentine turns into forsterite structure. The acid treatment of this forsterite did not improve the bleaching properties; instead, it further reduced bleaching properties of it. Low temperatures heat treatment below 700 degrees C is not sufficient to change the serpentine structure into forsterite. These results are in accord with Cao et al.'s results. Both results are clearly proves the fact that the main properties of serpentine are the same throughout the world. Thus, it can be said that serpentine is readily available and very cheap material to be used in bleaching waste engine oil, but it has to be converted into forsterite structure by heating above 700 degrees C. Once the serpentine structure was converted into forsterite structure by heat treatment, further acid treatment is not necessary. FT-IR and UV absorbance results were found to be confirming each other and approving the results that the best bleaching agent 4 h-750 coded serpentine

Possibility of producing lightweight, heat insulating bricks from pumice and H3PO4- or NH4NO3-hardened molasses binder

This investigation is based on the production of lightweight, heat-insulating, water-resistant or water-repellent materials from lightweight aggregates, such as pumice and/or expanded perlite, without using cement or plaster as a binder. The results of this investigation reveal that a H3PO4- or NH4NO3-hardened molasses binder with the addition of 2.5% borax could be an alternative binder for the production of lightweight, heat-insulating materials with moderate tensile strength. When these bricks were exposed to temperatures up to 825 degrees C, they did not lose their strength but, rather gained strength. Therefore, molasses binder could be an alternative to cement or plaster binder for construction and building materials with specific properties. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd and Techna Group S.r.l. All rights reserved

A simple method for the production of fuel and fuel additives from renewable low-viscosity mineral oils (Number-10 oil) and their mixtures

In this study, the production of fuel and fuel additives from low-viscosity waste renewable mineral oils, called number-10 oil in Turkey, and also of their mixtures, was investigated in detail. The direct addition of these oils and their blends to diesel cause clogging of the fuel pumps of the vehicles due to the crystallization of the waxes present in them, especially at low temperatures. Because of this congestion in the pump, the fuel cannot be pumped to the injectors properly at a constant pressure; this results in incomplete combustion of the fuel, which causes environmental pollution. This problem was solved by developing a simple, economical and environmentally friendly process. It was achieved by blending these oils or their mixtures with suitable solvents and by setting the total oil/total solvent ratio to be at least 1/3 (w/w). Once these oils were blended with suitable solvents or their mixtures, and when the total oil/total solvent ratio was adjusted to be at an optimum, it was noticed that there was no wax crystallization even at very low temperatures down to -35 degrees C. If these mixtures are prepared using these guidelines, they can be used as fuel or fuel additives in diesel- or gasoline-consuming vehicles without causing air pollution and without reducing the performance of the vehicles, while providing fuel savings up to 15%. (c) 2019 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Investigation of resole, novalac and coal tar pitch blended binder for the production of metallurgical quality formed coke briquettes from coke breeze and anthracite

In order to reduce the cost and also enlarge the solid carbon source suitable for the formed coke production further investigations were conducted to produce formed coke using anthracite which can provide a new and relatively economic abundant raw material suitable for this purpose. The results indicated that, anthracite can also be used for the production of metallurgical quality formed coke, but the tensile strength of the anthracite formed coke were found to be comparatively lower than that of the coke breeze formed coke, 64.6 MPa, 73.2 MPa, respectively, when carbonized at 950 degrees C for 1 h, due to the decomposition of the volatiles that causes fissures, cracks and new pores. To produce anthracite briquettes of higher tensile strength, either anthracite of lower volatile matter should be used or it should be blended with coke breeze. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Molasses and air blown coal tar pitch binders for the production of metallurgical quality formed coke from anthracite fines or coke breeze

The effect of the type and the amount of hardeners, such as ammonium nitrate, ammonium carbonate and nitric acid on the molasses bonded briquettes prepared from anthracite fines or coke breeze were investigated. Amongst the hardener studied the best results were obtained with 2.5% ammonium nitrate hardener. The briquettes produced with this hardener were highly water resistant but not waterproof and their tensile strengths were not adequate to be used as a substitute for the metallurgical coke. Therefore, the briquettes were prepared with molasses containing 2.5% ammonium nitrate hardener and air blown coal tar pitch blended binder. When the blended binder was used for the production of anthracite fines or coke breeze briquettes, after curing at 200 degrees C for 2 Is. they became waterproof and their tensile strengths were found to be sufficient to be used as a substitute for coke oven coke. The briquettes after curing could be directly charged into the blast furnace without carbonizing them at high carbonization temperatures. Since molasses and coal tar pitch, are relatively cheap and readily available materials, the process investigated could be economical way of producing high quality formed coke. (C) 2011 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Economical Method for Producing Nascent Iodine Products with Aprotic Solvents (NMP, DMSO) Possessing Highly Effective Antimicrobial Properties

© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Science+Business Media, LLC, part of Springer Nature.The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of polar and aprotic solvents when used as solvents separately on the antimicrobial activity of nascent iodine products. In the literature, as much as we are aware of, this subject has not been studied in detail. The results of this investigation showed that there is critical water content for each solvent used for the preparation of suitable, homogenous and stable antimicrobial nascent iodine products. The critical water content was 25% for polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG 400) and propylene glycol, 50% for dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), and 75% for n-methyl 2-pyrrolidone (NMP). During the preparation of these products, if the water content of the product was unequal to these critical water contents, it was found that iodine present in the product separates out and precipitates. Among these solvents, NMP was found to be the most suitable solvent. It helps to produce a product possessing the highest antimicrobial activities. It is the most economical solvent, and it possesses improved penetration enhancement properties to skin. It was also observed that the product prepared with NMP can be dilutable infinitely. Even though it was diluted four times with water and its iodine content dropped to 0.3% iodine, the sample showed much higher antimicrobial activities than the well-known commercial povidone iodine. During this investigation, it was surprising to observe that even when the well-known povidone iodine product was diluted with an equal amount of water (when its iodine content was reduced to 0.6%), it completely lost its antimicrobial activity