De l'intermédiation à la prescription : le cas de la télévision

NAaudiovisuel;prescription;marché;distribution

L'industrie de la musique à l'âge Internet

NAdroit d'auteur;internet;musique;napster

New technologies and firm organization : the case of electronic traceability systems in French agribusiness

This paper considers the relationship between the adoption of electronic traceability systems (ETSs) and the organization of firms. More precisely, it analyzes the respective roles of a firm's organizational structure, and organizational changes, in the process of ETS adoption in agribusiness. We use data from the French "Organizational Changes and Computerization" survey from 2006. We test a probit model to demonstrate the organizational structure and organizational changes underlying the firm's ETS adoption choice. Results show that ETS adoption is strongly favored by organizations with heavy hierarchical structures, standardized managerial practices and contractual mechanisms with external partners. This adoption process seems to coevolve with the organization: firms that implemented an ETS during the observed period (2003-2006) have experienced the most important organizational changes in terms of managerial practices, information systems and contractual relations, as well as the strengthening of the intermediate levels in the hierarchy

Alliances and the innovation performance of corporate and public research spin-off firms

We explore the innovation performance benefits of alliances for spin-off firms, in particular spin-offs either from other firms or from public research organizations. During the early years of the emerging combinatorial chemistry industry, the industry on which our empirical analysis focuses, spin-offs engaged in alliances with large and established partners, partners of similar type and size, and with public research organizations, often for different reasons. We seek to understand to what extent alliances of spin-offs with other firms (either large- or small- and medium-sized firms) affected their innovation performance and also how this performance may have been affected by their corporate or public research background. We find evidence that in general alliances of spin-offs with other firms, in particular alliances with large firms, increased their innovation performance. Corporate spin-offs that formed alliances with other firms outperformed public research spin-offs with such alliances. This suggests that, in terms of their innovation performance, corporate spin-offs that engaged in alliances with other firms seemed to have benefitted from their prior corporate background. Interestingly, it turns out that the negative impact of alliances on the innovation performance of public research spin-offs was largely affected by their alliances with small- and medium-sized firms

L'industrie de la musique à l'âge Internet

E-commerce generates specific market organizations of industrial activities. New economic business models and organisational patterns are not simply transfering designs conceived in traditional industries. Analyzing the case of music industry, we argue that the emerging of radically new market structures (portals, electronic market places, communities) has created original economic transactions (payment, contracts, investment process), incented new entrants to take place into cultural industries and heavily transformed competition and firms positions in the added value chain of music production and distribution. Consuming music on the internet leads to consumers differenciation, market disruption, splitting of payment rules and distribution channels.Les modèles et les formes organisationnelles et économiques appelés à se développer autour des nouvelles formes de marché présentent des spécificités et ne sont pas le simple décalque ou la seule adaptation de configurations élaborées dans d'autres industries. L'exemple de l'industrie phonographique montre que l'apparition de structures radicalement nouvelles de marché (galerie électronique, services à valeur ajoutée, consommations culturelles parcellisées) a généré l'apparition de modèles originaux de rémunération et de contractualisation faisant intervenir de nouveaux intervenants dans les filières culturelles ainsi que de nouveaux rapports avec l'aval des filières. Les formes modernes des échanges conduisent, en particulier, à différencier les usages et les utilisateurs, ce qui peut conduire à un éclatement des marchés, des circuits de diffusion et des modèles de rémunération traditionnels