53,489 research outputs found
Estimating Water Demand Schedules for Selected Industries in Arkansas
Water demand functions for the paper and chemical industries in the state of Arkansas were estimated utilizing data collected from individual plants throughout the state. Regression analysis was used to estimate demand functions from a data base which included information on intake and gross water use by source, recirculated water use, costs of acquiring, treating, and discharging water, plant output, employment, and level of technology. The demand for intake water was estimated as an exponential function of average water costs and the level of technology primarily. Price elasticities of demand were estimated as approximately equal to one for both industries. The results of this study could be used to determine the effects of various public policies on the withdrawal of water for industrial purposes
Bell's theorem as a signature of nonlocality: a classical counterexample
For a system composed of two particles Bell's theorem asserts that averages
of physical quantities determined from local variables must conform to a family
of inequalities. In this work we show that a classical model containing a local
probabilistic interaction in the measurement process can lead to a violation of
the Bell inequalities. We first introduce two-particle phase-space
distributions in classical mechanics constructed to be the analogs of quantum
mechanical angular momentum eigenstates. These distributions are then employed
in four schemes characterized by different types of detectors measuring the
angular momenta. When the model includes an interaction between the detector
and the measured particle leading to ensemble dependencies, the relevant Bell
inequalities are violated if total angular momentum is required to be
conserved. The violation is explained by identifying assumptions made in the
derivation of Bell's theorem that are not fulfilled by the model. These
assumptions will be argued to be too restrictive to see in the violation of the
Bell inequalities a faithful signature of nonlocality.Comment: Extended manuscript. Significant change
Gravothermal Catastrophe, an Example
This work discusses gravothermal catastrophe in astrophysical systems and
provides an analytic collapse solution which exhibits many of the catastrophe
properties. The system collapses into a trapped surface with outgoing energy
radiated to a future boundary, and provides an example of catastrophic
collapse.Comment: To appear in Phys. Rev.
Transforming Aggressive Prosecution Policies: Prioritizing Victims’ Long-Term Safety in the Prosecution of Domestic Violence Cases
Until fairly recently, prosecutors\u27 offices around the country ignored domestic violence cases, failing to press charges in the vast majority of situations and dropping charges prior to conviction in many others. In the 1980s and 1990s, however, the battered women\u27s movement made significant efforts to improve the criminal justice system\u27s response. One way that this effort has met with substantial success is that many prosecutors\u27 offices now have adopted aggressive no-drop policies for domestic violence cases. In these jurisdictions, cases proceed regardless of the victim\u27s preferences about prosecution, even if she recants her original story and testifies for the defense
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SOAR (Support Office for Aerogeophysical Research) Annual Report 1994/1995
The Support Office for Aerogeophysical Research (SOAR) was a facility of the National Science Foundation's Office of Polar Programs whose mission is to make airborne geophysical observations available to the broad research community of geology, glaciology and other sciences. The central office of the SOAR facility is located in Austin, Texas within the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics. Other institutions with significant responsibilities are the Lamont Doherty Earth Observatory of Columbia University and the Geophysics Branch of the U.S . Geological Survey. This report summarizes the goals and accomplishments of the SOAR facility during 1994/1995 and plans for the next year.National Science Foundation's Office of Polar ProgramsInstitute for Geophysic
Quantum Preferred Frame: Does It Really Exist?
The idea of the preferred frame as a remedy for difficulties of the
relativistic quantum mechanics in description of the non-local quantum
phenomena was undertaken by such physicists as J. S. Bell and D. Bohm. The
possibility of the existence of preferred frame was also seriously treated by
P. A. M. Dirac. In this paper, we propose an Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen-type
experiment for testing the possible existence of a quantum preferred frame. Our
analysis suggests that to verify whether a preferred frame of reference in the
quantum world exists it is enough to perform an EPR type experiment with pair
of observers staying in the same inertial frame and with use of the massive EPR
pair of spin one-half or spin one particles.Comment: 5 pp., 6 fig
The Structure of the Outer Halo of the Galaxy and its Relationship to Nearby Large-Scale Structure
We present evidence to support an earlier indication that the Galaxy is
embedded in an extended, highly inclined, triaxial halo outlined by the spatial
distribution of companion galaxies to the Milky Way. Signatures of this spatial
distribution are seen in 1) the angular variation of the radial-velocity
dispersion of the companion galaxies, 2) the spatial distribution of the M~31
sub-group of galaxies, 3) the spatial distribution of the isolated, mainly
dwarf irregular, galaxies of the Local Group, 4) the velocity anisotropy
quadrupole of a sub-group of high-velocity clouds, and 5) the spatial
distribution of galaxies in the Coma-Sculptor cloud. Tidal effects of M~31 and
surrounding galaxies on the Galaxy are not strong enough to have affected the
observed structure. We conclude that this distribution is a reflection of
initial conditions. A simple galaxy formation scenario is proposed which ties
together the results found here with those of Holmberg (1969) and Zaritsky et
al. (1997) on the peculiar distribution of satellites around a large sample of
spiral galaxies.Comment: Accepted for publication in the Astron J., March 2000, 12 pages with
1 figur
Fine-grained uncertainty relation and nonlocality of tripartite systems
The upper bound of the fine-grained uncertainty relation is different for
classical physics, quantum physics and no-signaling theories with maximal
nonlocality (supper quantum correlation), as was shown in the case of bipartite
systems [J. Oppenheim and S. Wehner, Science 330, 1072 (2010)]. Here, we extend
the fine-grained uncertainty relation to the case of tripartite systems. We
show that the fine-grained uncertainty relation determines the nonlocality of
tripartite systems as manifested by the Svetlichny inequality, discriminating
between classical physics, quantum physics and super quantum correlations.Comment: 4 page
Entanglement monotones and maximally entangled states in multipartite qubit systems
We present a method to construct entanglement measures for pure states of
multipartite qubit systems. The key element of our approach is an antilinear
operator that we call {\em comb} in reference to the {\em hairy-ball theorem}.
For qubits (or spin 1/2) the combs are automatically invariant under
SL(2,\CC). This implies that the {\em filters} obtained from the combs are
entanglement monotones by construction. We give alternative formulae for the
concurrence and the 3-tangle as expectation values of certain antilinear
operators. As an application we discuss inequivalent types of genuine four-,
five- and six-qubit entanglement.Comment: 7 pages, revtex4. Talk presented at the Workshop on "Quantum
entanglement in physical and information sciences", SNS Pisa, December 14-18,
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