Heating produced by therapeutic ultrasound in the presence of a metal plate in the femur of canine cadavers

The present study aimed to assess the heat generated by a therapeutic ultrasound (TUS) in a metal bone plate and adjacent structures after fixation to the femur of canine cadavers. Ten pairs of hind limbs were used, and they were equally distributed between groups that were subjected to 1- and 3-MHz frequencies, with each frequency testing 1- and 2-W/cm² intensities. The right hind limb was defined as the control group (absence of the metal plate), and the left hind limb was the test group (presence of the metal plate). Therefore, the control groups (CG) were denominated CGI, using TUS with 1-MHz frequency and 1-W/cm² intensity; CGII, using 1-MHz frequency and 2-W/cm² intensity; CGIII, using 3-MHz frequency and 1-W/cm² intensity; and CGIV, using 3-MHz frequency and 2-W/cm² intensity. For each control group, its respective test group (TG) was denominated TGI, TGII, TGIII and TGIV. The TUS was applied to the lateral aspect of the thigh using the continuous mode and a 3.5-cm² transducer in a 6.25-cm² area for 2 minutes. Sensors were coupled to digital thermometers that measured the temperature in different sites before (t0) and after (t1) of the TUS application. The temperatures in t1 were higher in all tested groups. The intramuscular temperature was significantly higher (P<0.05) in the groups used to test the 3-MHz frequency in the presence of the metal plate. The therapeutic ultrasound in the continuous mode using frequencies of 1 and 3 MHz and intensities of 1 and 2 W/cm2 for 2 minutes caused heating of the metal plate and adjacent structures after fixation to the femur of canine cadavers

Immediate physical therapy in dogs with rupture of the cranial cruciate ligament submitted to extracapsular surgical stabilization

The study evaluated the influence of immediate physical therapy on the functional recovery of hind limbs of dogs with experimental cranial cruciate ligament rupture which underwent surgical extracapsular stabilization as well as to verify its interference in joint stability. Eight dogs were randomly divided into two groups: GI (control) (n=4) and GII (physical therapy) (n=4). The dogs in GII underwent the following therapeutic treatments in the postoperative period: cryotherapy, passive joint movement, massage, passive straightening, neuromuscular electrical stimulation, hydrotherapy (bath and aquatic mat) and therapeutic exercises. We performed evaluations of the thigh circumference, goniometry, X-ray, and knee stability (drawer test). Results did not demonstrate a significant difference between the groups nor between different post-operative times. Regarding gait analysis, we found that the 4 dogs in GI remained in degree 3 of lameness 45 and 90 days postoperatively. However, in GII, one dog remained in degree 3 45 and 90 days after surgery; one dog changed from degree 3 to 4 90 days after surgery and the other 2 dogs changed from degree 3 to 5 90 days after surgery. It is possible to conclude that dogs with CCL rupture that undergo immediate physical therapy demonstrate better results in regards to functional gait recovery. The therapeutic modalities used in the immediate post-operative period did not cause instability of the operated knee. Further studies are needed with a larger number of dogs to indicate the immediate physical therapy in dogs with CCL ligament rupture which underwent extracapsular stabilization

Recuperação funcional em cães com doença do disco intervertebral toracolombar sem percepção à dor profunda: 37 casos (2002-2010)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar a recuperação funcional de 37 cães com diagnóstico de doença do disco intervertebral (DDIV) toracolombar, sem percepção da dor profunda superior a 48 horas e não submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico. Os dados identificados foram: raça, idade, sexo, localização da lesão, perda da percepção da dor profunda, duração dos sinais clínicos, recuperação funcional, retorno da percepção da dor profunda, recidivas, eutanásias ou morte. Foi observada recuperação funcional em 11 cães (55%), sendo seis deles entre 30 e 60 dias após o início dos sinais clínicos. Dos onze cães que tiveram recuperação funcional satisfatória, dois (18%) não tiveram retorno da percepção à dor profunda. Pode-se concluir que cães com diagnóstico de DDIV sem percepção à dor profunda superior a 48 horas e não submetidos ao tratamento cirúrgico podem apresentar recuperação funcional satisfatória e são necessários, no mínimo, 30 dias do início dos sinais clínicos para estabelecer um prognóstico quanto ao retorno dos movimentos voluntários

Temperatura de polimerização da resina acrílica odontológica na medula espinhal de ratos Wistar

Objetivou-se investigar se a temperatura de polimerização da resina acrílica odontológica ocasiona sinais neurológicos e alteração histológica na medula espinhal de ratos. Foram utilizados 48 ratos, Wistar, distribuídos em dois grupos denominados GI ou cimento ósseo (controle positivo) e GII ou resina acrílica odontológica. Cada grupo foi redistribuído em seis subgrupos, de acordo com a quantidade do composto, o tempo de pós-operatório e o local de aferição da temperatura. O cimento ósseo ou a resina acrílica odontológica foram moldados e colocados sobre as lâminas ósseas dorsais e os processos espinhosos das vértebras L1 e L2. A temperatura de polimerização do composto foi aferida a cada 10 segundos. A temperatura máxima de polimerização e a diferença entre a temperatura externa e a interna ao canal vertebral foram maiores nos subgrupos que receberam 10 gramas. Não foi observada alteração neurológica em nenhum dos animais deste estudo. Na análise histológica, foi observada reação inflamatória de intensidade variável na meninge e no parênquima medular. Pode-se concluir que a temperatura de polimerização da resina acrílica odontológica nas quantidades de um e 10 gramas provoca alterações histológicas na meninge e no parênquima medular, sem ocasionar sinais neurológicos em ratos