Prevalence of hypertension amongst persons with diabetes mellitus in Benin City, Nigeria

Objective: To determine the prevalence of hypertension amongst persons with diabetes mellitus (DM) in Benin city.Materials and Methods: Four hundred and fifty diabetic subjects were evaluated for hypertension by measuring their blood pressure using a sphygmomanometer at the diabetes clinics of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital and Central Hospital, both in Benin City, Nigeria. Other data obtained included age, sex, type of DM, weight, height, body mass index and waist hip ratio.Results: Two hundred and forty-four out of 450 subjects had hypertension, thus giving a prevalence rate of 54.2%. 124 males (50.8%) were hypertensive compared with 120 (49.2%) females, but this difference was not significant (χ2 = 0.1, df = 1, P > 0.05). Thirteen (22.4%) of the 58 Type 1 subjects had hypertension, while 231 (58.9%) of the Type 2 subjects had hypertension, and this difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 27, df = 1, P < 0.05).Conclusions: Hypertension is prevalent in persons with DM. Studies have shown that adequate control of the blood pressure reduces the microvascular and macrovascular complications of DM. DM care providers must prescribe appropriate antihypertensive therapy to control hypertension in persons with DM

Prevalence of the metabolic syndrome among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in Uyo, Nigeria

Background: The metabolic syndrome is a cluster of risk factors that is responsible for most of the excess cardiovascular morbidity amongst persons with type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (DM). The metabolic syndrome increases the risk for coronary heart disease and stroke by three-fold with a marked increase in cardiovascular mortality. Objectives: This study set out to find the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome amongst type 2 diabetes mellitus patients and the commonest metabolic abnormalities in them in Uyo, South-South Nigeria. Subjects and Methods: A prospective cross sectional study carried out at the diabetes clinic of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, between January and August, 2008. Data obtained included anthropometric indices, blood pressure and fasting serum lipids. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 10. Results: Two hundred and forty subjects (106 males, 134 females) were enrolled for the study. The prevalence of metabolic syndrome was 62.5%. . Majority of the subjects with metabolic syndrome were aged between 41-70 years with a mean age of. 53±7years. Hypertension was the most common metabolic abnormality present in 130 (86.6%) of the subjects with metabolic syndrome, while low high density lipoprotein (HDL) was the least common abnormality present in 26 (17.3%) of the subjects with metabolic syndrome. Two metabolic abnormalities were present in 114 (76%) of the subjects, while four abnormalities were present in 4 (2.6%) of the subjects with metabolic syndrome. Conclusion: The prevalence of metabolic syndrome in type 2 DM patients in Uyo, South-South of Nigeria is high. With the cardiovascular risk associated with this syndrome, efforts must be geared towards addressing these abnormalities through lifestyle modification, health awareness and medications in order to reduce this complication in type 2 DM patients. Keywords: Metabolic syndrome, Type 2 DM, Uyo

26-30 Unadike BC, Akpan NA, Essien IO. Clinical Profile of Newly Presenting Diabetic Patients at the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital, Nigeria

ABSTRACT Objectives: Diabetes Mellitus is emerging as a major health challenge with the incidence and prevalence of the disease on the increase. It also contributes to overall morbidity and mortality with complications like cardiovascular disease, neuropathy, nephropathy, retinopathy and lower extremity amputation. There are few local studies on the clinical characteristics of the disease in our wet up and this study therefore set out to characterize the clinical profile of newly presenting diabetic patients in a health facility in Nigeria. Methodology: It is a cross sectional, descriptive study carried out at the diabetes clinic of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital between January 2007 and September 2008. Data obtained included age, sex, anthropometric indices, symptomatology, co-morbidities, complications and treatment of diabetes. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 10. Results: A total of two hundred and seventy patients were studied (120 males, 150 females). About 89.2% were Type 2 DM patients and majority of the study subjects were overweight. Diabetic neuropathy was the commonest complication present in 38.8% of the subjects. Polyuria was the commonest symptom and hypertension the commonest comorbidity. Majority of the subjects were on oral hypolgycaemic agents for the management of their disease with the sulphonyureas and biguanides being the most common medication that was taken by them. A few of the patients were also taking herbal medication for treatment of their disease. Conclusion: Majority of the patients presenting in our facility have Type 2 diabetes, were hypertensive and overweight. Hypertension was the commonest co-morbidity and diabetic neuropathy the commonest complication. Adequate health education, subsidies on medications and proper funding of the health sector is necessary to stem the tide of the burden attributable to the disease

Profile of antihypertensive use and hypertension control amongst persons with Diabetes Mellitus in Benin City

No Abstract. Nigerian Hospital Practice Vol. 2 (4) 2008: pp. 106-10

Outcome of Diabetic Admissions in a Nigerian Tertiary Hospital

No Abstract Supplie

RetractedAwareness, knowledge and perseption of HIV/AIDS and sexual behaviour amongst pre-clinical, medical students in a Nigerian University

Please note that this paper has been retracted by the journal due to a conflict of interest

Lipid Profile Pattern amongst Type 2 DM subjects with Erectile Dysfunction in Benin City, Nigeria

Objective:Dyslipidaemia in patientswith diabetesmellitus leads to atherosclerosis and this contributes to erectile dysfunction (ED). This study set out to characterize the lipid profile pattern in diabetic patients with erectile dysfunction.Subject andMethods:Aprospective, cross sectional study carried out at the diabetes clinic of the University of Benin Teaching Hospital. Forty diabetic subjects with erectile dysfunction and thirty-two diabetic subjects without erectile dysfunction who served as controls were recruited for the study. Data obtained include anthropometric indices and fasting serum lipids.Data was analyzed with SPSS version 10.Results: The prevalence of dyslipidaemia was 82.5%in the ED subjects and 68.7%in the control group and this difference was not statistically significant. The ED subjects had greater means of age, body mass index and waist hip ratio than the control group but this was not statistically significant. The mean values of the lipid profile was higher in the EDpatients except for the HDL cholesterol level. Elevated total cholesterolwas themost common abnormal lipid parameter,while elevated triglyceridewas the least common abnormal parameter seen in both groups.Conclusion: The prevalence of dyslipidaemia in diabetic subjects with erectile dysfunction is high. Efforts must be put in place to treat dyslipidaemia and other cardiovascular risk factors aggressively to prevent or ameliorate this complication.Niger Med J, Vol. 49, No. 4, Oct– Dec 2008, 81–83Keywords:Lipid profile, erectiledysfunction, diabetesmellitus, BeninCity

Prevalence and risk factors of erectile dysfunction in Niger delta region, Nigeria

BACKGROUND: Erectile Dysfunction (ED) is one of the major social problems causing significant distress in men. Despite the increasing difficulty in management, knowledge, and understanding of factors responsible for its development are important for prevention and care. OBJECTIVES: To assess the prevalence and risk factors for ED among men in Niger Delta Region of Nigeria, in order to determine its contextual variables. METHODS: Subjects included 400 male patients attending the general outpatients' clinic (GOPC) of the University of Uyo Teaching Hospital. Respondents completed the abridged version of the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF-5). RESULTS: A total of 166 (41.5%) subjects had ED; 66 (16.5%) had mild; 32 (8.0%) mild to moderate; 24 (6.0%) moderate; while 45 (11.3%) had severe 37 (9.2%) resulted from hypertension and its medications; 29 (7.3%) from diabetes; 49 (12.2%) from a combination of both and their therapies (P=0.044); 24 (6.0%) had history of previous surgery; while for 27 (6.8%) it was from undiagnosed medical conditions (p=0.001). The ED increases with age and is more among married and educated men. CONCLUSION: ED is a common problem among men in Niger Delta region. Therefore, efforts must be made to reduce the incidence by dealing with the factors responsible for its development