Enhancement of the antibiotic activity of aminoglycosides by extracts from <i>Anadenanthera colubrine</i> (Vell.) Brenan var. <i>cebil</i> against multi-drug resistant bacteria

<p>The aim of this work was to evaluate the antimicrobial activity of ethanol (EEAC) and hexane (HFAC) extracts from the stem bark of <i>Anadenanthera colubrina</i> (Vell.) Brenan var. <i>cebil</i> alone or in combination with aminoglycosides against multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria. Minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of the extracts were determined by using microdilution assay. For the evaluation of extracts as modulators of antibiotic resistance, MICs of neomycin and amikacin were determined in presence or absence of each compound at sub-inhibitory concentrations. Both EEAC and HFAC did not show antimicrobial activity against MDR strains tested. However, the addition of EEAC and HFAC enhanced the activity of neomycin and amikacin against <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> SA10 strain. When the natural products were replaced by chlorpromazine, the same effect was observed. <i>Anadenanthera colubrine</i> var. <i>cebil</i> may be a source of phytochemicals able to potentiate the aminoglycoside activity against MDR <i>S. aureus</i> by the inhibition of efflux pump.</p