12,124 research outputs found
Kinematics of a Spacetime with an Infinite Cosmological Constant
A solution of the sourceless Einstein's equation with an infinite value for
the cosmological constant \Lambda is discussed by using Inonu-Wigner
contractions of the de Sitter groups and spaces. When \Lambda --> infinity,
spacetime becomes a four-dimensional cone, dual to Minkowski space by a
spacetime inversion. This inversion relates the four-cone vertex to the
infinity of Minkowski space, and the four-cone infinity to the Minkowski
light-cone. The non-relativistic limit c --> infinity is further considered,
the kinematical group in this case being a modified Galilei group in which the
space and time translations are replaced by the non-relativistic limits of the
corresponding proper conformal transformations. This group presents the same
abstract Lie algebra as the Galilei group and can be named the conformal
Galilei group. The results may be of interest to the early Universe Cosmology.Comment: RevTex, 7 pages, no figures. Presentation changes, including a new
Title. Version to appear in Found. Phys. Let
Time-Reversal Symmetry Breaking and Decoherence in Chaotic Dirac Billiards
In this work, we perform a statistical study on Dirac Billiards in the
extreme quantum limit (a single open channel on the leads). Our numerical
analysis uses a large ensemble of random matrices and demonstrates the
preponderant role of dephasing mechanisms in such chaotic billiards. Physical
implementations of these billiards range from quantum dots of graphene to
topological insulators structures. We show, in particular, that the role of
finite crossover fields between the universal symmetries quickly leaves the
conductance to the asymptotic limit of unitary ensembles. Furthermore, we show
that the dephasing mechanisms strikingly lead Dirac billiards from the extreme
quantum regime to the semiclassical Gaussian regime
Cosmic bulk viscosity through backreaction
We consider an effective viscous pressure as the result of a backreaction of
inhomogeneities within Buchert's formalism. The use of an effective metric with
a time-dependent curvature radius allows us to calculate the luminosity
distance of the backreaction model. This quantity is different from its
counterpart for a "conventional" spatially flat bulk viscous fluid universe.
Both expressions are tested against the SNIa data of the Union2.1 sample with
only marginally different results for the distance-redshift relation and in
accordance with the CDM model. Future observations are expected to be
able to discriminate among these models on the basis of indirect measurements
of the curvature evolution.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, comments and references added, accepted for
publication in GR
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