Measurement of the velocity distribution of sputtered Na atoms from NaCl by Doppler shift laser fluorescence

The velocity distribution of sputtered Na atoms from NaCI during 15 keV, Ar+ bombardment was measured by a Doppler shift laser fluorescence technique. Contrary to other measurements, the sputtered Na atoms were found to have a velocity distribution identical to that of a three-dimensional Maxwell-Boltzmann gas.Peer reviewedElectrical and Computer Engineerin

Nonlinear picosecond-pulse propagation through optical fibers with positive group velocity dispersion

The predictions of the nonlinear Schrodinger equation have been tested by passing 5.5-psec optical pulses through a 70-m single-mode optical fiber. With use of a precise cross correlation technique based on pulse compression, dramatic reshaping of the input pulses into flat-topped, frequency-broadened, and positively chirped 20-psec output pulses with self-steepened fall times of less than 2 psec was observed. The observations are in good agreement with theory.Peer reviewedElectrical and Computer Engineerin

Velocity distributions of sputtered excited atoms

The first direct measurements are reported of the velocity distributions of sputtered atoms in excited states with electronic configurations completely different from the ground state. In contrast to previous work, the measured distributions for both the singlet and triplet metastable D states of Ba atoms showed no energy thresholds and had most probable energies similar to those of sputtered ground-state atoms.Peer reviewedElectrical and Computer Engineerin