Correlation Amplitudes for the spin-1/2 XXZ chain in a magnetic field

We present accurate numerical estimates for the correlation amplitudes of leading and main subleading terms of the two- and four-spin correlation functions in the one-dimensional spin-1/2 XXZ model under a magnetic field. These data are obtained by fitting the correlation functions, computed numerically with the density-matrix renormalization-group method, to the corresponding correlation functions in the low-energy effective theory. For this purpose we have developed the Abelian bosonization approach to the spin chain under the open boundary conditions. We use the numerical data of the correlation amplitudes to quantitatively estimate spin gaps induced by a transverse staggered field and by exchange anisotropy.Comment: 18 pages, 6 figures, 1 tabl

Jordan-Wigner approach to dynamic correlations in spin-ladders

We present a method for studying the excitations of low-dimensional quantum spin systems based on the Jordan-Wigner transformation. Using an extended RPA-scheme we calculate the correlation function of neighboring spin flips which well approximates the optical conductivity of ${\rm Sr_2CuO_3}$. We extend this approach to the two-leg $S=1/2$--ladder by numbering the spin operators in a meander-like sequence. We obtain good agreement with the optical conductivity of the spin ladder compound (La,Ca)$_{14}$Cu$_{24}$O$_{41}$ for polarization along the rungs. For polarization along the legs higher order correlations are important to explain the weight of high-energy continuum excitations and we estimate the contribution of 4-- and 6--fermion processes.Comment: 15 pages, 16 figure

Factors Associated with Revision Surgery after Internal Fixation of Hip Fractures

Background: Femoral neck fractures are associated with high rates of revision surgery after management with internal fixation. Using data from the Fixation using Alternative Implants for the Treatment of Hip fractures (FAITH) trial evaluating methods of internal fixation in patients with femoral neck fractures, we investigated associations between baseline and surgical factors and the need for revision surgery to promote healing, relieve pain, treat infection or improve function over 24 months postsurgery. Additionally, we investigated factors associated with (1) hardware removal and (2) implant exchange from cancellous screws (CS) or sliding hip screw (SHS) to total hip arthroplasty, hemiarthroplasty, or another internal fixation device. Methods: We identified 15 potential factors a priori that may be associated with revision surgery, 7 with hardware removal, and 14 with implant exchange. We used multivariable Cox proportional hazards analyses in our investigation. Results: Factors associated with increased risk of revision surgery included: female sex, [hazard ratio (HR) 1.79, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.25-2.50; P = 0.001], higher body mass index (fo

Quasi elastic neutron scattering study of dimethyl sulfoxide water mixtures probing molecular mobility in a nonideal solution

The translational and rotational motions of water and dimethyl sulfoxide, DMSO, CH3 2SO have been investigated using quasi elastic neutron scattering. Water?DMSO mixtures at five DMSO mole fractions, cDMSO, ranging from 0 to 0.75, were measured. Hydrogen deuterium substitution was used to extract independently the water proton dynamics d DMSO H2O , the DMSO methyl proton dynamics h DMSO D2O and to obtain background corrections d DMSO D2O . The translational diffusion of water slows down significantly compared to bulk water at all cDMSO gt; 0. The rotational time constant for water exhibits a maximum at cDMSO 0.33 that corresponds to the observed maximum of the viscosity of the mixture. Data for DMSO can be analyzed in terms of a relatively slow tumbling of the molecule about its center of mass in conjunction with random translational diffusion. The rotational time constant for this motion exhibits some dependence on cDMSO , while the translational diffusion constant shows no clear variation for cDMSO gt; 0. The results presented reinforce the idea that due to the stronger associative nature of DMSO, DMSO water aggregates are formed over the whole composition range, disturbing the tetrahedral natural arrangement of the water molecules. As a consequence adding DMSO to water causes a drastic slowing down of the dynamics of the water molecule, and vice vers

Spatial coherence measurements of a 13.2 nm transient nickel-like cadmium soft x-ray laser pumped at grazing incidence

We report the experimental confirmation of the production of element 110. In the bombardment of a {sup 208}Pb target with a 309 MeV {sup 64}Ni beam, we have observed two chains of time- and position-correlated events. Each chain consisted of the implantation of an evaporation residue followed by the emission of {alpha}-particles. We attribute these two chains to the decay of {sup 271}110 produced with a cross section of 8.3{sup +11}{sub -5.3} pb