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What situations trigger intense emotions in automobiles?
Conference ProceedingsDriving involves a variety of events and activities that stimulate emotional experiences. The aim of this investigation was to examine automobile experiences and to identify affective themes. 245 UK-based participants were recruited using a
purposive sampling strategy. One study consisted of an online questionnaire which inquired about the automotive experiences which proved most emotionally intense. The second consisted of a simulator based immersive driving experience, followed
afterwards by a questionnaire which inquired about the automotive experiences which proved most emotionally intense. Questionnaire responses were clustered into themes using a content analysis method. The study identified 13 major themes and 44 sub-themes. The findings provide guidance regarding the triggers of emotional responses which designers can use to better understand and to improve automotive experiences.Jaguar Land Rover as part of project Automotive Habitat Laboratory (AutoHablab)
Inorganic-ligand exchanging time effect in PbS quantum dot solar cell
We investigate time-dependent inorganic ligand exchanging effect and photovoltaic performance of lead sulfide (PbS) nanocrystal films. With optimal processing time, volume shrinkage induced by residual oleic acid of the PbS colloidal quantum dot (CQD) was minimized and a crack-free film was obtained with improved flatness. Furthermore, sufficient surface passivation significantly increased the packing density by replacing from long oleic acid to a short iodide molecule. It thus facilities exciton dissociation via enhanced charge carrier transport in PbS CQD films, resulting in the improved power conversion efficiency from 3.39% to 6.62%. We also found that excess iodine ions on the PbS surface rather hinder high photovoltaic performance of the CQD solar cell
KMT-2016-BLG-2052L: Microlensing Binary Composed of M Dwarfs Revealed from a Very Long Time-scale Event
We present the analysis of a binary microlensing event KMT-2016-BLG-2052, for
which the lensing-induced brightening of the source star lasted for 2 seasons.
We determine the lens mass from the combined measurements of the microlens
parallax \pie and angular Einstein radius \thetae. The measured mass
indicates that the lens is a binary composed of M dwarfs with masses of
and . The measured relative
lens-source proper motion of is smaller
than of typical Galactic lensing events, while
the estimated angular Einstein radius of \thetae\sim 1.2~{\rm mas} is
substantially greater than the typical value of .
Therefore, it turns out that the long time scale of the event is caused by the
combination of the slow and large \thetae rather than the heavy mass of
the lens. From the simulation of Galactic lensing events with very long time
scales ( days), we find that the probabilities that long
time-scale events are produced by lenses with masses and
are and 2.6\%, respectively, indicating that
events produced by heavy lenses comprise a minor fraction of long time-scale
events. The results indicate that it is essential to determine lens masses by
measuring both \pie and \thetae in order to firmly identify heavy stellar
remnants such as neutron stars and black holes.Comment: 9 pages, 11 figure
Phase diagram of a Disordered Boson Hubbard Model in Two Dimensions
We study the zero-temperature phase transition of a two-dimensional
disordered boson Hubbard model. The phase diagram of this model is constructed
in terms of the disorder strength and the chemical potential. Via quantum Monte
Carlo simulations, we find a multicritical line separating the weak-disorder
regime, where a random potential is irrelevant, from the strong-disorder
regime. In the weak-disorder regime, the Mott-insulator-to-superfluid
transition occurs, while, in the strong-disorder regime, the
Bose-glass-to-superfluid transition occurs. On the multicritical line, the
insulator-to-superfluid transition has the dynamical critical exponent and the correlation length critical exponent ,
that are different from the values for the transitions off the line. We suggest
that the proliferation of the particle-hole pairs screens out the weak disorder
effects.Comment: 4 pages, 4 figures, to be published in PR
Regional distribution and properties of [3H]MK-801 binding sites determined by quantitative autoradiography in rat brain
[3H]MK-801 binding in rat brain was characterized using a quantitative autoradiographic binding assay. [3H]MK-801 binding (5 nM) reached equilibrium by 120 min at 23[deg]C. [3H]MK-801 appeared to label a single high affinity site with an affinity constant of approximately 11 nM. [3H]MK-801 binding was heterogeneously distributed throughout the brain with the following order of binding densities: hippocampal formation > cortical areas > striatum > thalamus.Competitive antagonists, -2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid, -2-amino-7-phosphonoheptanoic acid, 3-(2-carboxypiperazin-4-yl)propyl-1-phosphonic acid, and cis-4-phosphonomethyl-2-piperidine carboxylic acid, inhibited [3H]MK-801 binding. Glycine antagonists, 7-chlorokynurenic acid and kynurenic acid, also inhibited [3H]MK-801 binding. Furthermore, the inhibition of [3H]MK-801 binding by the quinoxalinedione compounds 6-cyano-7-nitroquinoxaline-2,3-dione and 6,7-dinitroquinoxaline-2, 3-dione was reversed by glycine. [3H]MK-801 binding was also inhibited by zinc ions. [3H]MK-801 binding was enhanced by glycine or .These results demonstrate that [3H]MK-801 can be used in a quantitative autoradiographic assay as a functional probe for the receptor complex.Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/29627/1/0000716.pd
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