962 research outputs found
Growing graphs with addition of communities
Paper proposes a model of large networks based on a random preferential
attachment graph with addition of complete subgraphs (cliques). The proposed
model refers to models of random graphs following the nonlinear preferential
attachment rule and takes into account the possibility of
{\guillemotleft}adding{\guillemotright} entire communities of nodes to the
network. In the derivation of the relations that determine the vertex degree
distribution, the technique of finite-difference equations describing
stationary states of a graph is used. The obtained results are tested
empirically (by generating large graphs), special cases correspond to known
mathematical relations
Vertex degree distribution and arc endpoints degree distribution of graphs with a linear rule of preferential attachment and Pennock graphs
The article deals with two classes of growing random graphs following the
preferential attachment rule with a linear weight function, L-graphs, and
hybrid Pennock graphs. We determine the exact final vertex degree distribution
and the exact final two-dimensional arcs degree distributions of graphs under
consideration. The study proves that each hybrid Pennock graph is isomorphic to
a certain L graph and that the converse does not hold since there are no
Pennock graphs isomorphic to L graphs with negative displacements in the
expression for the linear weight function. A formula is derived that makes it
possible to determine the weight functions, which are used to generate graphs
with the required asymptotic power-law vertex degree distribution. The
reliability of the obtained results is confirmed by calculations using accurate
numerical methods and simulation modeling, i.e. by direct generating of the
graphs. The practical value of the results is demonstrated by an example of
their effective application for accurate calibration of a growing graph that
simulates a network of Internet at the level of autonomous systems.Comment: 12 pages, 8 figures, the article is prepared for the conference
"Mechanical Science and Technology Update" (MSTU-2019
A generalized Ramsey excitation scheme with suppressed light shift
We experimentally investigate a recently proposed optical excitation scheme
[V.I. Yudin et al., Phys. Rev. A 82, 011804(R)(2010)] that is a generalization
of Ramsey's method of separated oscillatory fields and consists of a sequence
of three excitation pulses. The pulse sequence is tailored to produce a
resonance signal which is immune to the light shift and other shifts of the
transition frequency that are correlated with the interaction with the probe
field. We investigate the scheme using a single trapped 171Yb+ ion and excite
the highly forbidden 2S1/2-2F7/2 electric-octupole transition under conditions
where the light shift is much larger than the excitation linewidth, which is in
the Hertz range. The experiments demonstrate a suppression of the light shift
by four orders of magnitude and an immunity against its fluctuations.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure
An elementary approach to toy models for D. H. Lehmer's conjecture
In 1947, Lehmer conjectured that the Ramanujan's tau function
never vanishes for all positive integers , where is the -th
Fourier coefficient of the cusp form of weight 12. The theory of
spherical -design is closely related to Lehmer's conjecture because it is
shown, by Venkov, de la Harpe, and Pache, that is equivalent to
the fact that the shell of norm of the -lattice is a spherical
8-design. So, Lehmer's conjecture is reformulated in terms of spherical
-design.
Lehmer's conjecture is difficult to prove, and still remains open. However,
Bannai-Miezaki showed that none of the nonempty shells of the integer lattice
\ZZ^2 in \RR^2 is a spherical 4-design, and that none of the nonempty
shells of the hexagonal lattice is a spherical 6-design. Moreover, none
of the nonempty shells of the integer lattices associated to the algebraic
integers of imaginary quadratic fields whose class number is either 1 or 2,
except for \QQ(\sqrt{-1}) and \QQ(\sqrt{-3}) is a spherical 2-design. In
the proof, the theory of modular forms played an important role.
Recently, Yudin found an elementary proof for the case of \ZZ^{2}-lattice
which does not use the theory of modular forms but uses the recent results of
Calcut. In this paper, we give the elementary (i.e., modular form free) proof
and discuss the relation between Calcut's results and the theory of imaginary
quadratic fields.Comment: 18 page
Perfect category-graded algebras
In a perfect category every object has a minimal projective resolution. We
give a criterion for the category of modules over a categorygraded algebra to
be perfect.Comment: A sufficient condition is replaced by a criterion. Several references
added. 17 page
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