A Multivariate Variable Model with Possibility of Missing Data on a Stochastic Process

A joint model for multivariate responses with potentially non-random missing values on a stochastic process is proposed. A full likelihood-based approach that allows yielding maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters is used. Sensitivity of the results to the assumptions is also investigated. A common way to investigate whether perturbations of model components influence key results of the analysis is to compare the results derived from the original and perturbed models using a general index of sensitivity (ISNI). The approach is illustrated by analyzing a finance data set

Approximation to Multivariate Normal Higher Dimensional Probabilities in Mixed - Data Model with Missing Responses

Multivariate data with mixed ordinal and continuous responses with the possibility of nonignorable missingness are often common in follow up social studies and their analysis need to be promoted. One of the standard methods of analysis is based on joint modelling. In this method, we use that simultaneously allow modelling non-ignorable mechanism and a full likelihood-based approach is used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of parameters of joint modelling. In this approach, when the dimension of the vector responses are increased, includes somehow troubling computations which are often time-consuming. Another alternative is an approximation for multivariate normal probabilities for higher dimensional regions, based conditional expectations in joint modelling. A comparison between approximation method and full likelihood-based approach is used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of parameters of joint modelling. To illustrate the utility of the proposed model, a large data set excerpted from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) is analyzed. For these data, the simultaneous effects of some covariates on life satisfaction, income and the amount of money spent on leisure activities per month as three mixed correlated responses are explored

Local Influence in Bayesian Elliptically Contoured-Ordinal Model for Mixed Data

This paper develops a new class of joint modeling of mixed correlated ordinal and continuous responses with elliptically contoured errors. This joint model includes the latent variable approach of using an elliptically contoured distribution for mixed ordinal and continuous responses. A Markov Chain Monte Carlo sampling algorithm is described for estimating the posterior distribution of the parameters. For sensitivity analysis to investigate the perturbation from associate responses, it is demonstrated how one can use some elements of covariance structure. Influence of small perturbation of these elements on the posterior normal curvature is also studied. To illustrate the application of such modeling the data (medical) is analyzed

Effects of ultrasonic on microorganisms and enzymes

Removing on pathogens is the key concern of non-thermal technology in food products. Recently, inclusion of ultrasound into the food industry has been a subject of research and development. The application of ultrasound in food industry is undoubtedly the notion of consideration and development and, the same as other cases in other areas, the sound ranges can would fall into the following categories of high frequency, low energy, diagnostic ultrasound in the MHz range and low frequency, high energy, power ultrasound in kHz range. The advantageous application of power ultrasound is reflected in its chemical, mechanical, or physical effects on the process or product. Microorganisms Inactivation mechanism, based on physical and chemical factors that ultrasonic was caused on liquid food. When it comes to physical and chemical effects, one would distinguish between them as thinning cell membrane, localized heat and pressure changes (5500°C, 50Mpa); hydroxyl radical and sonochemical reactions, respectively. Ultrasound-assisted inactivation of microorganisms and enzymes brings about the extension of shelf life of raw materials or prepared foods. The study focuses on the related literature having to do with the effect of ultrasonic on microorganism and enzymes

A Multivariate Latent Variable Model for Mixed – Data from Continuous and Ordinal Responses with Possibility of Missing Responses

A joint model for multivariate mixed ordinal and continuous outcomes with potentially non-random missing values in both types of responses is proposed. A full likelihood-based approach is used to obtain maximum likelihood estimates of the model parameters. Some modified Pearson residuals are also introduced where the correlation between responses are taken into account. The joint modelling of responses with the possibility of missing values requires caution since the interpretation of the fitted model highly depends on the missing mechanism assumptions that are unexaminable in a fundamental sense. A common way to investigate the influence of perturbations of model components on the key results of the analysis is to compare the results derived from the original and perturbed models using an influence maximal normal curvatures. For This, influence of a small perturbation of elements of the covariance structure of the model on maximal normal curvature is also studied. To illustrate the utility of the proposed model, a large data set excerpted from the British Household Panel Survey (BHPS) is analyzed. For these data, the simultaneous effects of some covariates on life satisfaction, income and the amount of money spent on leisure activities per month as three mixed correlated responses are explored

Evaluation of the Effect of different microwave dryer power on the Qualitative and Quantitative properties of Essential oil of Bakhtiari Savory

Drying is one of the most important post-harvest stages of medical plants which has a significant effect on the quality and quantity of the effective compounds. In order to promote the objectives of the study, microwave power was selected as an independent variable so that power variable microwave was designed and constructed. After collection and drying the savory samples in the shade, the essential oil at different treatments was extracted in three levels of 400, 600 and 800 W. The volatile oil was analyzed using GC/MS method. Results of experiments showed that increase in the power from 400 W to 600 and 800 W caused a reduction in drying time. The most yield of essential oil was obtained in the shade drying method with the essence value of 2.41%. It was also revealed that with increasing the microwave power, the amount of essence decreased, so that the microwave power of 800 W had the lowest essence value. The highest values of thymol and carvacrol and sum of them that show the quality of essential oil was obtained in drying methods with microwave power of 800 W (56.83%). Overall, when the quality of essence is important, the common method of shade drying is suggested, while considering the speed and quality, the microwave drying is recommended

Gaussian Copula Mixed Models with Non-Ignorable Missing Outcomes

This paper is concerned with the analysis of mixed data with ordinal and continuous outcomes with the possibility of non - ignorable missing outcomes . A copula-based regression model is proposed that accounts for associations between ordinal and continuous outcomes . Our approach entails specifying underlying latent variables for the mixed outcomes to indicate the latent mechanisms which generate the ordinal and continuous variables . Maximum likelihood estimation of our model parameters is implemented using standard software such as function nlminb in R . Results of simulations concern the relative biases of parameter estimates of joint and marginal models using data with non-ignorable outcomes . The proposed methodology is illustrated using a medical data obtained from an observational study on women with three correlated responses , an ordinal response of osteoporosis of the spine and two continuous responses of body mass index and waistline . The effect of the amount of total body calcium (Ca) , job status (Job) , type of dwelling (Ta) and age on all responses are investigated simultaneously

Analysis of Mixed Correlated Bivariate Negative Binomial and Continuous Responses

A general model for the mixed correlated negative binomial and continuous responses is proposed. It is shown how to construct parameter of the models, using the maximization of the full likelihood. Influence of a small perturbation of correlation parameter of the model on the likelihood displacement is also studied. The model is applied to a medical data, obtained from an observational study on women, where the correlated responses are the negative binomial response of joint damage and continuous responses of body mass index. Simultaneous effects of some covariates on both responses are investigated

Non-Simplified SUSY: Stau-Coannihilation at LHC and ILC

If new phenomena beyond the Standard Model will be discovered at the LHC, the properties of the new particles could be determined with data from the High-Luminosity LHC and from a future linear collider like the ILC. We discuss the possible interplay between measurements at the two accelerators in a concrete example, namely a full SUSY model which features a small stau_1-LSP mass difference. Various channels have been studied using the Snowmass 2013 combined LHC detector implementation in the Delphes simulation package, as well as simulations of the ILD detector concept from the Technical Design Report. We investigate both the LHC and ILC capabilities for discovery, separation and identification of various parts of the spectrum. While some parts would be discovered at the LHC, there is substantial room for further discoveries at the ILC. We finally highlight examples where the precise knowledge about the lower part of the mass spectrum which could be acquired at the ILC would enable a more in-depth analysis of the LHC data with respect to the heavier states.Comment: 42 pages, 18 figures, 12 table

N-fold Supersymmetry in Quantum Systems with Position-dependent Mass

We formulate the framework of N-fold supersymmetry in one-body quantum mechanical systems with position-dependent mass (PDM). We show that some of the significant properties in the constant-mass case such as the equivalence to weak quasi-solvability also hold in the PDM case. We develop a systematic algorithm for constructing an N-fold supersymmetric PDM system. We apply it to obtain type A N-fold supersymmetry in the case of PDM, which is characterized by the so-called type A monomial space. The complete classification and general form of effective potentials for type A N-fold supersymmetry in the PDM case are given.Comment: 18 pages, no figures; Refs. updated, typos correcte