Systemic Therapy in Endometrial Cancer: Recent Advances.

Endometrial cancer is a chemosensitive disease. Studies have established a clear benefit of chemotherapy in advanced stages and trials are ongoing to define its role in early stages as well. As more molecular pathways are being elucidated there is increasing role for targeted agents and future looks quite promising. We did an extensive search both online and offline for all the relevant articles including chemotherapy and targeted therapy for endometrial cancer

Microwave photovoltage and photoresistance effects in ferromagnetic microstrips

We investigate the dc electric response induced by ferromagnetic resonance in ferromagnetic Permalloy (Ni80Fe20) microstrips. The resulting magnetization precession alters the angle of the magnetization with respect to both dc and rf current. Consequently the time averaged anisotropic magnetoresistance (AMR) changes (photoresistance). At the same time the time-dependent AMR oscillation rectifies a part of the rf current and induces a dc voltage (photovoltage). A phenomenological approach to magnetoresistance is used to describe the distinct characteristics of the photoresistance and photovoltage with a consistent formalism, which is found in excellent agreement with experiments performed on in-plane magnetized ferromagnetic microstrips. Application of the microwave photovoltage effect for rf magnetic field sensing is discussed.Comment: 16 pages, 15 figure

Embankment Design in Seismic Areas — Indian Practice

A number of river valley projects for the development of water and power resources, particularly in the Northern and North Eastern part of India, lie on the foothills of Himalayas which is seismically active. In the developmental activity of dam building, aseismic design of dam is therefore recognized and adopted. The paper presents the current Indian practice in the aseismic design of embankment dams with illustrations from studies carried out on some recent dams

Diagnostic accuracy of the risk of malignancy index 1 compared to the more recent IOTA ADNEX model in discriminating benign from malignant adnexal masses: a multi-centric study

Background: Identification of the nature of an adnexal mass can ensure optimum management. Single parameters as well as diagnostic models using a combination of several parameters are in use. The International Ovarian Tumor Analysis (IOTA) consortium has developed and published the Assessment of Different NEoplasias in the adneXa (ADNEX) model, which differentiates between benign and malignant masses. Authors conducted this study with the aim of finding a cut off value for this model in the study population and comparing the diagnostic accuracy of this model to that of the risk of malignancy (RMI).Methods: Women with adnexal masses admitted to the 3 medical college affiliated hospitals for surgical management were included in this study. Appropriate investigations were done to calculate the RMI-I and ADNEX score for each participant. A cut off score for the ADNEX model was determined and diagnostic accuracy tests were done for comparison.Results: At a cut-off of 29 for the ADNEX model and 200 for RMI model the sensitivity was 75% and 77.8, specificity 100% and 80.6%; Positive Predictive Value (PPV) 100%and 60%; Negative Predictive Value (NPV) 91% and 90.6%; Positive Likelihood ratio of infinity and 4 and a negative Likelihood Ratio of 2.8 and 2.5 respectively.Conclusions: The ADNEX model rates higher than the RMI in almost all tests of diagnostic accuracy and can be used for triaging, framing a referral policy and prioritizing surgery

On the line shape of the electrically detected ferromagnetic resonance

This work reviews and examines two particular issues related with the new technique of electrical detection of ferromagnetic resonance (FMR). This powerful technique has been broadly applied for studying magnetization and spin dynamics over the past few years. The first issue is the relation and distinction between different mechanisms that give rise to a photovoltage via FMR in composite magnetic structures, and the second is the proper analysis of the FMR line shape, which remains the "Achilles heel" in interpreting experimental results, especially for either studying the spin pumping effect or quantifying the spin Hall angles via the electrically detected FMR.Comment: 14 pages, 9 figure

Comparison between Epidural Bupivacaine with and without Magnesium Sulphate in Patients undergoing Elective Total Abdominal Hysterectomy: A Double-blinded Randomised Clinical Trial

Introduction: The effectiveness of a local anaesthetics increased by the addition of an adjuvant. Magnesium sulphate along with bupivacaine is effective in reducing the pain and extending the analgesia period. Aim: To compare the duration of analgesia among subjects receiving plain bupivacaine and bupivacaine with magnesium sulphate among patients undergoing total abdominal hysterectomy. Materials and Methods: This double-blinded randomised clinical trial was conducted in Department of Anaesthesiology at Shri Sathya Sai Medical College and Research Institute, Ammapettai, Tamil Nadu, India, (tertiary care center) between November 2019 to October 2021. The study was done among 50 subjects undergoing elective total abdominal hysterectomy. The subjects were divided into two groups: one group received only bupivacaine while the other group received bupivacaine with 500 mg magnesium sulphate. Onset and duration of blocks were observed. Haemodynamic parameters were monitored intraoperatively and postoperatively. Data was analysed using Chi-square test and Fischer’s-exact test. Results: Demographic variables like age (p-value=0.17), height (p-value=0.62), weight (p-value=0.14) and Body Mass Index (BMI) (p-value=0.24) were comparable between the two groups. The mean duration of analgesia was significantly more among the bupivacaine with magnesium sulphate group (416.72±93.6) in comparison to the bupivacaine alone group (204.96±71.25). The bupivacaine with magnesium sulphate group required two doses of rescue analgesia in 24 hours, while the other group required four doses of analgesia. Significantly more side-effects were noted among the bupivacaine alone group (12 vs 6) (p-value=0.04). Conclusion: The study showed that bupivacaine with magnesium sulphate group showed less intraoperative side effects, reduced postoperative Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, increased duration of analgesia, decreased requirement of analgesia required in 24 hours and reduced postoperative side-effect

Rice allelopathy in weed management : an integrated approach

The intensive use of pesticides with low biodegradability and high persistence in soil, surface and ground waters, represents a considerable environmental risk, especially under high weed pressure conditions. Furthermore, the number of herbicide-resistant weeds is increasing. Against this background, the investigation of alternative weed control strategies has taken on considerable importance. Among these, allelopathy as a negative effect of one plant on another due to the direct or indirect (including microorganisms) release of chemicals in the environment can be a useful tool for the integrated management of weeds in agroecosystems. In particular, the paddies have been considered in this work by reviewing the data both on rice allelopathy and rice weed agronomic control methods developed to improve the crop yield