Somaclonal variation in potatoes (Solanum tubersosum L.)

Somaclonal variation was studied in 2 potato varieties (Nif and Granola) and 2 potato clones (106 and 122.) . Nodal cuttings of plantlets obtained from meristem culture were propagated in callus and regeneration media by rapid micropropagation techniques. Plantlets were transferred to pots and then transplanted in nursey beds. Plant height, stem number, branch number, leaf number, were measured. Coefficienty of variation (CV) was used as a criterion in comparing populations for the magnitude of somaclonal variation. Considerable somaclonal variation was found in the populations for tuber yield (Nif, Clone 122 and Granola ), tuber number (Nif, Clone 106), stem number (Nif,Clone 106 and Granola) and leaf number (Granola,Clone 106).Somaclonal variation was studied in 2 potato varieties (Nif and Granola) and 2 potato clones (106 and 122.) . Nodal cuttings of plantlets obtained from meristem culture were propagated in callus and regeneration media by rapid micropropagation techniques. Plantlets were transferred to pots and then transplanted in nursey beds. Plant height, stem number, branch number, leaf number, were measured. Coefficienty of variation (CV) was used as a criterion in comparing populations for the magnitude of somaclonal variation. Considerable somaclonal variation was found in the populations for tuber yield (Nif, Clone 122 and Granola ), tuber number (Nif, Clone 106), stem number (Nif,Clone 106 and Granola) and leaf number (Granola,Clone 106)

Inheritance of grain yield and protein content in a 8 x 8 diallel cross population of barley

The inheritance of grain yield and protein content was studied by the Jinks-Hayman type diallel analysis in a 8 x 8 barley cross population without reciprocals. The cross populations with low protein content and high grain yield and the gene action such as additive and dominance genetic effects were determined. It was concluded the additive genetic variation could be utilized in selecting suitable progenies in the next generations. Grain yield had positive significant correlations with biomass (r=0.68**), harvest index (r=0.68**), plant height (r=0.25*), thousand kernel weight (r=0.38**) and number of spikes per square meter (r=0.25*). Protein content not having any significant correlation with grain yield had negative significant correlations with plant height (r=-0.30*), thousand kernel weight (r=-0.25*) and number of spikes per square meter (r=-0.30*).The inheritance of grain yield and protein content was studied by the Jinks-Hayman type diallel analysis in a 8 x 8 barley cross population without reciprocals. The cross populations with low protein content and high grain yield and the gene action such as additive and dominance genetic effects were determined. It was concluded the additive genetic variation could be utilized in selecting suitable progenies in the next generations. Grain yield had positive significant correlations with biomass (r=0.68**), harvest index (r=0.68**), plant height (r=0.25*), thousand kernel weight (r=0.38**) and number of spikes per square meter (r=0.25*). Protein content not having any significant correlation with grain yield had negative significant correlations with plant height (r=-0.30*), thousand kernel weight (r=-0.25*) and number of spikes per square meter (r=-0.30*)

Heritability estimates and relationships of certain characteristics in potatoes

Broad sense heritabilities and linear correlations for 10 characteristics of 20 potato genotypes were estimated based on 2 locations and 2 years. Plant height gave the highest and plant yield gay©,the lowest heritability estimates. Except for dry matter content all the traits studied seemw^p.tie affected by the genotype x environment interaction. Therefore, the testing of genoj^pe x environment interaction should be carried out at multiple locations in multiple years. There was a positive correlation of plant yield with plant height , number of main stems, number of tubers and avarege tuber weight. A positive correlation between dry matter and starch; negative correlation between dry matter and reducing sugar contents were also estimated.Broad sense heritabilities and linear correlations for 10 characteristics of 20 potato genotypes were estimated based on 2 locations and 2 years. Plant height gave the highest and plant yield gay©,the lowest heritability estimates. Except for dry matter content all the traits studied seemw^p.tie affected by the genotype x environment interaction. Therefore, the testing of genoj^pe x environment interaction should be carried out at multiple locations in multiple years. There was a positive correlation of plant yield with plant height , number of main stems, number of tubers and avarege tuber weight. A positive correlation between dry matter and starch; negative correlation between dry matter and reducing sugar contents were also estimated

Harvest index, biomass production and their relationships with tuber yield in potatoes

Ten potato cultivars (Mârfona, Ditta, Ar850019, Armundo, 300/86, Diamant, Bolesta, Helena, Signal and Agria) randomly sampled among the 43 entries in a micro yield trial were used in the study and the tuber yield, the biomass and the harvest index were determined.Simple correlation regression and multiple regression analyses were applied to the data. Significant corretEjjion and regression coefficients determined between tuber yield and biomass and the vegetative parts of the plant above ground indicated that the selection of potato genotypes with high biomass and vegetative parts above ground may increase tuber yield.Ten potato cultivars (Mârfona, Ditta, Ar850019, Armundo, 300/86, Diamant, Bolesta, Helena, Signal and Agria) randomly sampled among the 43 entries in a micro yield trial were used in the study and the tuber yield, the biomass and the harvest index were determined.Simple correlation regression and multiple regression analyses were applied to the data. Significant corretEjjion and regression coefficients determined between tuber yield and biomass and the vegetative parts of the plant above ground indicated that the selection of potato genotypes with high biomass and vegetative parts above ground may increase tuber yield

Patateste Genotip X Dikim Zamanı İnteraksiyonunun Ammi İstatistik Modeline Göre İrdelenmesi

In studies on potato planting time, the main effects of genotype and planting time were determined by variance analysisand are discussed. However, the main specific causes of interaction were not demonstrated clearly. Five potato genotypes (Resy,81028/1, Sultan, Granola and Yaylakızı) were planted on six different dates (January 30, February 10, February 20, February 28,March 10 and March 20) in three different years (1993, 1994 and 1995). Tuber yield data were analysed with the AMMI (AdditiveMain Effects and Multiplicative Interaction) statistical model. The results showed that the January 30, February 10 and March 20planting times had similar yield ranges. Granola and Resy gave low, Sultan and 81028/1 gave high and Yaylakızı gave moderateyields. The results clearly identify the main effects of the specific genotype and planting time, causing the genotype x plantinginteraction.Patates dikim zamanı çalışmalarında varyans analizi ile genotip ve dikim zamanı ana etkileri ve bu etkilerin interaksiyonlarıgenel anlamda tartışılabilmektedir. Ancak, bu interaksiyona neden olan genotip veya dikim zamanı gibi özel ana etkilerin ne olduğuortaya konulamamaktadır. Bu amaca yönelik olarak; Resy, 81028/1, Sultan, Granola ve Yaylakızı olmak üzere 5 adet patates genotipiMenemen dikim koşullarında sırasıyla 30 Ocak, 10 Şubat, 20 Şubat ve 28 Şubat; 10 Mart ve 20 Mart tarihlerinde olmak üzere 6farklı dikim zamanında 3 tekerrürlü Tesadüf Blokları Deneme Deseni’ne göre 3 yıl (1993, 1994 ve 1995) süre ile yetiştirilmiştir.Dekara yumru verimine ilişkin veri seti, AMMI (Additive Main Effects and Multiplicative Interaction–Eklemeli Ana Etkiler ve Çarpımsalİnteraksiyon) istatistik modeline göre analiz edilmiştir. Sonuç olarak, 30 Ocak, 10 Şubat ve 20 Mart tarihli dikim zamanıintervallerinin birbirine yakın yumru verimine sahip olduğu, Granola ve Resy’nin düşük, Sultan ve 81028/1’in yüksek ve Yaylakızı’nınorta düzeyde verim getirdikleri saptanmıştır. Ayrıca AMMI istatistik modeline göre elde olunan bu sonuçlara paralel bir şekildeinteraksiyona neden olan özel genotip ve dikim zamanı ana etkileri, grafik şeklinde gösterilmiştir

Mating type (MAT) locus and possible sexuality of the opportunistic pathogen Exophiala dermatitidis

PubMedID: 30611834Sexual reproduction among the black yeasts is generally limited to environmental saprobic species and is rarely observed among opportunists in humans. To date, a complete sexual cycle has not been observed in Exophiala dermatitidis. In this study, we aimed to gain insight into the reproductive mode of E. dermatitidis by characterizing its mating type (MAT) locus, conducting MAT screening of environmental and clinical isolates, examining the expression of the MAT genes and analyzing the virulence of the isolates of different mating types. Similar to other members of the Pezizomycotina, the E. dermatitidis genome harbors a high mobility group (HMG) domain gene (MAT1-2-1) in the vicinity of the SLA2 and APN2 genes. The MAT loci of 74 E. dermatitidis isolates (11 clinical and 63 environmental) were screened by PCR, and the surrounding region was amplified using long-range PCR. Sequencing of the ~ 12-kb PCR product of a MAT1-1 isolate revealed an ?-box gene (MAT1-1-1). The MAT1-1 idiomorph was 3544-bp long and harbored the MAT1-1-1 and MAT1-1-4 genes. The MAT1-2 idiomorph was longer, 3771-bp, and harbored only the MAT1-2-1 gene. This structure suggests a heterothallic reproduction mode. The distribution of MAT among 74 isolates was ~ 1:1 with a MAT1-1:MAT1-2 ratio of 35:39. RT-PCR analysis indicated that the MAT genes are transcribed. No significant difference was detected in the virulence of isolates representing different mating types using a Galleria mellonella model (P > 0.05). Collectively, E. dermatitidis is the first opportunistic black yeast in which both MAT idiomorphs have been characterized. The occurrence of isolates bearing both idiomorphs, their approximately equal distribution, and the expression of the MAT genes suggest that E. dermatitidis might reproduce sexually. © 2019 Elsevier Inc.R01 AI50113-14, AI39115-20 215S106The molecular mating-type study was supported by the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) , grant no. 215S106 , to B. M. The virulence study was supported by NIH/NIAID R37 MERIT Award AI39115-20 and NIH/NIAID R01 AI50113-14 to J.H. The sponsors did not have any role in the design of the study; the collection, analysis, and interpretation of data; the writing of the paper; and the decision to submit the paper for publication

A rare association: Unilateral fibromatosis colli and contralateral clavicle fracture in a newborn

Fibromatosis colli (FC) is a cause of muscular torticollis that can be diagnosed by careful physical examination. In most of the cases, follow up and exercise is enough for treatment, although rare cases require surgical intervention. Clavicle fracture can be a complication of struggling vaginal parturition and usually treated by close follow up. This case was reported and discussed as a rare association that is not found in the literature and the first case diagnosed in the newborn period with unilateral FC associated with contralateral clavicle fracture in a non-macrosomic infant who was treated with dramatic response to physical therapy. (C) 2015 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved