2015/16 seasonal vaccine effectiveness against hospitalisation with influenza a(H1N1)pdm09 and B among elderly people in Europe: Results from the I-MOVE+ project

We conducted a multicentre test-negative caseâ\u80\u93control study in 27 hospitals of 11 European countries to measure 2015/16 influenza vaccine effectiveness (IVE) against hospitalised influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B among people aged â\u89¥ 65 years. Patients swabbed within 7 days after onset of symptoms compatible with severe acute respiratory infection were included. Information on demographics, vaccination and underlying conditions was collected. Using logistic regression, we measured IVE adjusted for potential confounders. We included 355 influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 cases, 110 influenza B cases, and 1,274 controls. Adjusted IVE against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 was 42% (95% confidence interval (CI): 22 to 57). It was 59% (95% CI: 23 to 78), 48% (95% CI: 5 to 71), 43% (95% CI: 8 to 65) and 39% (95% CI: 7 to 60) in patients with diabetes mellitus, cancer, lung and heart disease, respectively. Adjusted IVE against influenza B was 52% (95% CI: 24 to 70). It was 62% (95% CI: 5 to 85), 60% (95% CI: 18 to 80) and 36% (95% CI: -23 to 67) in patients with diabetes mellitus, lung and heart disease, respectively. 2015/16 IVE estimates against hospitalised influenza in elderly people was moderate against influenza A(H1N1)pdm09 and B, including among those with diabetes mellitus, cancer, lung or heart diseases

Preparation of 2,3-dihydro(1,5)benzothiazepines and 2,3-dihydro(1,5)benzodiazepines

2,3-dihydro[1,5] benzothiazepines and diazepines can be prepared by condensation of o-aminothiophenol or o-phenylenediamines with a variety of 3-chlorothieno- or benzothienopropanones

Synthesis of [1,5]benzothiazepine Derivatives

Various derivatives of 2,3-dihydro[1,5]benzothiazepin-4(5H)-ones were synthesized. Alternative route for the synthesis of 5-dimethylaminoethyl-2,3-dihydro[1,5]benzothiazepin-4(5H)-ones and 4-dimethylamionpropoxy-(2H,5H)-[1,5]benzothiazepines are described

Efficient Synthesis of New Beta-lactams

The synthesis of beta-lactams was carried out by N-arylpropionamide cyclisation in a mixture of N,N-dimethylformamide and anhydrous sodium carbonate under nitrogen atmosphere with 50 to 90% yield

Synthesis of Trans-thienyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-2,3-dihydro[1,5]benzothiazepin-4(5h)-ones

A series of trans-thienyl-3-ethoxycarbonyl-2,3-dihydro[1,5]benzothiazepin-4(5H)-ones 6-8 was synthesized from thienylmethylidenemalonates 3a-3c and 2-aminobenzenethiol 3d in the presence of triethylamine hydrochloride at 160-degrees. The [1,5]benzothiazepines 6-8 were alkylated using 2-dimethylaminochloroethane, 3-dimethylaminochloropropane and 3-(N-piperidino)chloropropane in order to obtain the corresponding 5-aminoalkylbenzothiazepinones 9-14

Efficient Synthesis of 6-substituted 3-nitro-1,4-dimethylcarbazoles and 3-amino-1,4-dimethylcarbazoles

The acylation of 1,4-dimethylcarbazole, 1, by an acid chloride or acetic anhydride according to the Friedel-Crafts reaction led to diacylcarbazoles 4, 6, 8, 10, 11 or to monoacylcarbazoles 5, 7, 9, 12, 13 and 14. The 3-acetyl-6-methoxy 6-nitrocarbazoles could be obtained by the same route. The 6-methoxycarbazole 3 afforded directly the 3-acyl-6-hydroxycarbazoles 15 and 16. The 3-nitro-1,4-dimethyl-9H-carbazoles 17a, 18, 19, 20, 24 and 25 could be obtained by nitration of 3,6-acyl-dimethylcarbazoles or 6-acyl-1,4-dimethylcarbazoles. The 3-aminocarbazoles 26, 30, 32 and 34 were provided by the reduction of the corresponding nitro derivatives with stannous chloride. The action of sodium borohydride in excess on the 3-nitrocarbazole 17 led directly to the 3-amino-6-hydroxy-3-nitrocarbazole 31. The 6-acyl-3-nitrocarbazoles afford the hydrazones 38 and 41 after reaction with hydrazine. Their reduction with sodium borohydride led to the secondary alcohols 35 and 37, while the Schmidt rearrangement allowed the access to the acetamides 42 and 44

A Novel Synthesis of Methyl Cis-(3-thienyl)glycidate With 2-aminothiophenol and the Synthesis of [1,5]benzothiazepine Derivatives

The synthesis of cis-2,3-dihydro-3-hydroxy-2-(3-thienyl)[1,5]benzothiazepin-4-(5H)-one derivatives is described starting from 2-aminothiophenol and methyl cis-(3-thienyl)glycidate. The structures were confirmed by H-1-nmr spectroscopy