Feeding Elevated Levels of Corn Silage and MDGS in Finishing Diets

A finishing experiment evaluated substitution of corn silage and modified distillers grains with solubles (MDGS) in place of corn. The experimental arrangementwas a 2 X 2 + 1 factorial with diets containing 15 or 45% corn silage and 20 or 40% MDGS as well as a control containing 5% cornstalks and 40% MDGS. There were no interactions between corn silage and MDGS inclusion for carcass adjusted performance. As corn silage inclusion increased in the diet, there was a modest reduction in ADG and an increase in F:G. When MDGS inclusion was increased, ADG and F:G were improved. Cattle fed 40% MDGS with 15% corn silage instead of 5% cornstalks had 5% improved F:G

Effects of Syngenta Enogen Feed Corn containing an α-amylase trait on finishing cattle performance and carcass characteristics

Two experiments evaluated the effects of feeding a new corn hybrid, containing an α-amylase enzyme trait, Syngenta Enogen Feed Corn (SYT-EFC), on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics at two locations. Experiment 1 utilized 300 calffed steers (298.5 ± 16.3 kg of BW) at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Eastern Nebraska Research and Extension Center Mead, NE. Treatments were designed as a 2 × 2 + 1– factorial arrangement with factors consisting of 1) corn type (SYT-EFC or conventional [CON]) and 2) byproduct type (with or without Sweet Bran [SB]), or a BLEND of STY-EFC and CON without SB. In Exp. 2, 240 crossbred, calf-fed steers (287.6 ± 15.4 kg of BW) were utilized at the University of Nebraska–Lincoln Panhandle Research and Extension Center near Scottsbluff, NE. Steers were fed SYT-EFC, CON, BLEND, or CON with a commercial α-amylase enzyme supplement (CON-E). In Exp. 1, there was an interaction for ADG (P = 0.05) and G:F (P = 0.02). Steers fed SYT-EFC with SB had greater ADG and G:F than CON; however, in diets without SB, SYT-EFC and CON were not different resulting in a 10.1% change in G:F when steers were fed SYT-EFC in SB compared with CON and only 1.6% change between SYT-EFC and CON without SB. Energy values, based on performance data, resulted in a 6.5% and 8.3% change in NEm and NEg, respectively, for steers fed SYT-EFC and CON with SB and 1.6% change for both NEm and NEg for steers fed SYT-EFC and CON without SB. For the main effect of corn trait, steers fed SYT-EFC had greater marbling scores, fat depth, and calculated yield grade compared with CON (P ≤ 0.03). In diets without SB, there was no difference between SYT-EFC, CON, or BLEND for DMI, final BW, ADG, G:F, NEm, or NEg (P ≥ 0.35). In Exp. 2, cattle fed SYT-EFC, BLEND, or CON-E had greater final BW, ADG, and G:F than cattle fed CON (P ≤ 0.03). On average, NEm and NEg were 4.9% and 7.0% greater, respectively, for steers fed amylase enzyme treatments compared with CON (P ≤ 0.01). Hot carcass weights were greater in steers fed α-amylase treatments compared with CON (P \u3c 0.01). Feeding Syngenta Enogen Feed Corn, which contains an α-amylase enzyme trait, at both locations improved feed efficiency in finishing cattle diets containing WDGS or SB

Osteogenesis evaluation of duck’s feet derived collagen/hydroxyapatite sponges immersed in dexamethasone

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the osteogenesis effects of DC and DC/HAp sponge immersed in without and with dexamethasone. Methods: The experimental groups in this study were DC and DC/HAp sponge immersed in without dexamethasone (Dex(â )DC and Dex(â )-DC/HAp group) and with dexamethasone (Dex(+)-DC and Dex(+)-DC/HAp group). We characterized DC and DC/HAp sponge using compressive strength, scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Also, osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs on sponge (Dex(â )DC, Dex(â )-DC/HAp, Dex(+)-DC and Dex(+)-DC/HAp group) was assessed by SEM, 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyltetrazoliumbromide (MTT) assay, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity assay and reverse transcription-PCR (RT-PCR). Results: In this study, we assessed osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs on Duckâ s feet-derived collagen (DC)/ HAp sponge immersed with dexamethasone Dex(+)-DC/HAp. These results showed that Dex(+)-DC/HAp group increased cell proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs during 28 days. Conclusion: From these results, Dex(+)-DC/HAp can be envisioned as a potential biomaterial for bone regeneration applications.This work was supported by Technology Commercialization Support Program [grant number 814005-03-3-HD020], Ministry for Food, Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries (MIFAFF).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

The Advancement of Biomaterials in Regulating Stem Cell Fate.

Stem cells are well-known to have prominent roles in tissue engineering applications. Embryonic stem cells (ESCs) and induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) can differentiate into every cell type in the body while adult stem cells such as mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) can be isolated from various sources. Nevertheless, an utmost limitation in harnessing stem cells for tissue engineering is the supply of cells. The advances in biomaterial technology allows the establishment of ex vivo expansion systems to overcome this bottleneck. The progress of various scaffold fabrication could direct stem cell fate decisions including cell proliferation and differentiation into specific lineages in vitro. Stem cell biology and biomaterial technology promote synergistic effect on stem cell-based regenerative therapies. Therefore, understanding the interaction of stem cell and biomaterials would allow the designation of new biomaterials for future clinical therapeutic applications for tissue regeneration. This review focuses mainly on the advances of natural and synthetic biomaterials in regulating stem cell fate decisions. We have also briefly discussed how biological and biophysical properties of biomaterials including wettability, chemical functionality, biodegradability and stiffness play their roles

Effects of Feeding Condensed Distillers Solubles With and Without Oil Extraction on Growing Cattle Performance

A growing study compared the effects of condensed distillers solubles (CDS) with and without corn oil removal at 20 and 40% inclusion in a grass hay diet and 40% inclusion in wheat straw or grass diets. Steers responded positively to increasing levels of CDS. Fat content had no effect on ending BW, DMI, or ADG but impacted F:G. Steers fed normal fat CDS had 13.6% greater F:G at 20% inclusion but only 1% greater F:G at 40% inclusion than de-oiled CDS. Normal CDS had greater value at 20% inclusion but at 40% inclusion, oil content likely hindered fiber digestion

Effects of a Terminal Sorting System with Zilpaterol Hydrochloride on Feedlot Steers

Crossbred yearling steers were utilized to evaluate the effects of Zilpaterol hydrochloride (Zilmax®) and terminal sorting 50 days prior to harvest on feedlot performance and carcass characteristics. Four treatments were used: an unsorted group not fed Zilmax (–CON), an unsorted group fed Zilmax, sorting by weight into two market groups and fed Zilmax, or sorting by weight into four market groups and fed Zilmax (4-Sort). Carcass weight was increased in cattle fed Zilmax by 33 lb and was further increased by 9 lb by 4-SORT. Yield grade and marbling score were lower for all cattle fed Zilmax compared to the –CON. Sorting four ways (4-Sort) increased HCW, reduced HCW variation, and decreased the percentage of overweight carcasses compared to not sorting

Strategic Supplementation of Dried Distillers Grains Plus Solubles to Yearling Steers Grazing Smooth Bromegrass

Data from seven consecutive years were summarized from 2005 through 2011 to evaluate dried distillers grains plus solubles (DDGS) supplementation strategies on yearling performance when grazing smooth bromegrass pastures. Steers supplemented daily with DDGS on nonfertilized smooth bromegrass pastures had ADG 0.59 lb/day greater than unsupplemented steers. Steers strategically supplemented with DDGS gained 2.47 lb/day while steers supplemented daily at 0.6% of BW gained 2.68 lb/day, both greater than unsupplemented steers at 1.99 lb/day. Strategic supplementation with increasing levels of DDGS as forage digestibility declined did not improve cattle performance over steers supplemented at 0.6% of BW with DDGS daily

Feeding Elevated Levels of Corn Silage and MDGS in Finishing Diets

A finishing experiment evaluatedsubstitution of corn silage and modified distillers grains with solubles (MDGS) in place of corn. The treatment arrangementwas a 2 X 2 + 1 factorial with 15 or 45% corn silage and 20 or 40% MDGS plus a control containing 5% cornstalks and 40% MDGS. There were interactions between corn silage and MDGS for carcass adjusted performance. As corn silage inclusion was increased in the diet, F:G increased when fed with 20% MDGS, however there was no difference when fed with 40% MDGS