800 research outputs found
Viscosities in the Gluon-Plasma within a Quasiparticle Model
A phenomenological quasiparticle model, featuring dynamically generated
self-energies of excitation modes, successfully describes lattice QCD results
relevant for the QCD equation of state and related quantities both at zero and
non-zero net baryon density. Here, this model is extended to study bulk and
shear viscosities of the gluon-plasma within an effective kinetic theory
approach. In this way, the compatibility of the employed quasiparticle ansatz
with the apparent low viscosities of the strongly coupled deconfined gluonic
medium is shown.Comment: 4 pages, 1 figure. To appear in the conference proceedings for Quark
Matter 2009, March 30 - April 4, Knoxville, Tennessee, US
Shear and bulk viscosities of the gluon plasma in a quasiparticle description
Shear and bulk viscosities of deconfined gluonic matter are investigated
within an effective kinetic theory by describing the strongly interacting
medium phenomenologically in terms of quasiparticle excitations with
medium-dependent self-energies. We show that the resulting transport
coefficients reproduce the parametric dependencies on temperature and coupling
obtained in perturbative QCD at large temperatures and small running coupling.
The extrapolation into the non-perturbative regime results in a decreasing
specific shear viscosity with decreasing temperature, exhibiting a minimum in
the vicinity of the deconfinement transition, while the specific bulk viscosity
is sizeable in this region falling off rapidly with increasing temperature. The
temperature dependence of specific shear and bulk viscosities found within this
quasiparticle description of the pure gluon plasma is in agreement with
available lattice QCD results.Comment: Sep 2011. 24pp. 6 figures. revised journal versio
Transport Coefficients in Gluodynamics: From Weak Coupling towards the Deconfinement Transition
We study the ratio of bulk to shear viscosity in gluodynamics within a
phenomenological quasiparticle model. We show that at large temperatures this
ratio exhibits a quadratic dependence on the conformality measure as known from
weak coupling perturbative QCD. In the region of the deconfinement transition,
however, this dependence becomes linear as known from specific strongly coupled
theories. The onset of the strong coupling behavior is located near the maximum
of the scaled interaction measure. This qualitative behavior of the viscosity
ratio is rather insensitive to details of the equation of state.Comment: Oct 2011. 3 pages. 3 figures. Contribution to the proceedings of the
19th Particles and Nuclei International Conference (PANIC11
Edge-Magnetoplasmon Wave-Packet Revivals in the Quantum Hall Effect
The quantum Hall effect is necessarily accompanied by low-energy excitations
localized at the edge of a two-dimensional electron system. For the case of
electrons interacting via the long-range Coulomb interaction, these excitations
are edge magnetoplasmons. We address the time evolution of localized
edge-magnetoplasmon wave packets. On short times the wave packets move along
the edge with classical E cross B drift. We show that on longer times the wave
packets can have properties similar to those of the Rydberg wave packets that
are produced in atoms using short-pulsed lasers. In particular, we show that
edge-magnetoplasmon wave packets can exhibit periodic revivals in which a
dispersed wave packet reassembles into a localized one. We propose the study of
edge-magnetoplasmon wave packets as a tool to investigate dynamical properties
of integer and fractional quantum-Hall edges. Various scenarios are discussed
for preparing the initial wave packet and for detecting it at a later time. We
comment on the importance of magnetoplasmon-phonon coupling and on quantum and
thermal fluctuations.Comment: 18 pages, RevTex, 7 figures and 2 tables included, Fig. 5 was
originally 3Mbyte and had to be bitmapped for submission to archive; in the
process it acquired distracting artifacts, to upload the better version, see
http://physics.indiana.edu/~uli/publ/projects.htm
Gravitational physics with antimatter
The production of low-energy antimatter provides unique opportunities to
search for new physics in an unexplored regime. Testing gravitational
interactions with antimatter is one such opportunity. Here a scenario based on
Lorentz and CPT violation in the Standard- Model Extension is considered in
which anomalous gravitational effects in antimatter could arise.Comment: 5 pages, presented at the International Conference on Exotic Atoms
(EXA 2008) and the 9th International Conference on Low Energy Antiproton
Physics (LEAP 2008), Vienna, Austria, September 200
Degrees of Freedom of the Quark Gluon Plasma, tested by Heavy Mesons
Heavy quarks (charm and bottoms) are one of the few probes which are
sensitive to the degrees of freedom of a Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP), which cannot
be revealed by lattice gauge calculations in equilibrium. Due to the rapid
expansion of the QGP energetic heavy quarks do not come to an equilibrium with
the QGP. Their energy loss during the propagation through the QGP medium
depends strongly on the modelling of the interaction of the heavy quarks with
the QGP quarks and gluons, i.e. on the assuption of the degrees of freedom of
the plasma. Here we compare the results of different models, the pQCD based
Monte-Carlo (MC@sHQ), the Dynamical Quasi Particle Model (DQPM) and the
effective mass approach, for the drag force in a thermalized QGP and discuss
the sensitivity of heavy quark energy loss on the properties of the QGP as well
as on non-equilibrium dynamicsComment: proceedings symposion "New Horizons" Makutsi, South Africa, Nov 201
No CPT Violation from Tilted Brane in Neutral Meson--Antimeson Systems
Tilted brane in theories with large compact extra dimensions leads to
spontaneous symmetry breaking of the Lorentz and rotational invariance in four
dimensions, as shown by Dvali and Shifman. In this brief report, we point out
that the mentioned Lorentz symmetry breaking, although leading to the
CPT--violating interaction terms, cannot lead to the CPT violation in the
experimentally interesting -- and analogous systems.Comment: 5 pages, RevTe
Interstellar H_2 in M 33 detected with FUSE
FUSE spectra of the four brightest H II regions in M 33 show absorption by interstellar gas in the Galaxy and in M 33. On three lines of sight molecular hydrogen in M 33 is detected. This is the first measurement of diffuse H_2 in absorption in a Local Group galaxy other than the Magellanic Clouds. A quantitative analysis is difficult because of the low signal to noise ratio and the systematic effects produced by having multiple objects in the FUSE aperture. We use the M 33 FUSE data to demonstrate in a more general manner the complexity of interpreting interstellar absorption line spectra towards multi-object background sources. We derive H_2 column densities of approximately 10^16 to 10^17 cm^{-2} along 3 sight lines (NGC 588, NGC 592, NGC 595). Because of the systematic effects, these values most likely represent upper limits and the non-detection of H_2 towards NGC 604 does not exclude the existence of significant amounts of molecular gas along this sight line
Superrevivals in the quantum dynamics of a particle confined in a finite square well potential
We examine the revival features in wave packet dynamics of a particle
confined in a finite square well potential. The possibility of tunneling
modifies the revival pattern as compared to an infinite square well potential.
We study the dependence of the revival times on the depth of the square well
and predict the existence of superrevivals. The nature of these superrevivals
is compared with similar features seen in the dynamics of wavepackets in an
anharmonic oscillator potential.Comment: 8 pages in Latex two-column format with 5 figures (eps). To appear in
Physical Review
CPT, T, and Lorentz Violation in Neutral-Meson Oscillations
Tests of CPT and Lorentz symmetry using neutral-meson oscillations are
studied within a formalism that allows for indirect CPT and T violation of
arbitrary size and is independent of phase conventions. The analysis is
particularly appropriate for studies of CPT and T violation in oscillations of
the heavy neutral mesons D, B_d, and B_s. The general Lorentz- and CPT-breaking
standard-model extension is used to derive an expression for the parameter for
CPT violation. It varies in a prescribed way with the magnitude and orientation
of the meson momentum and consequently also with sidereal time. Decay
probabilities are presented for both uncorrelated and correlated mesons, and
some implications for experiments are discussed.Comment: 11 pages, references added, accepted in Physical Review
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