Recent Results of Multimagnetical Simulations of the Ising Model

To investigate order-order interfaces, we perform multimagnetical Monte Carlo simulations of the $2D$ and $3D$ Ising model. Stringent tests of the numerical methods are performed by reproducing with high precision exact $2D$ results. In the physically more interesting $3D$ case we estimate the amplitude $F^s_0$ of the critical interfacial tension.Comment: talk presented at the workshop "Dynamics of First Order Phase Transitions", Juelich June 1-3; FSU-SCRI-92C-87 preprint; 7 pages; sorry no figures; needs vanilla.st

Revisiting random deposition with surface relaxation: approaches from growth rules to Edwards-Wilkinson equation

We present several approaches for deriving the coarse-grained continuous Langevin equation (or Edwards-Wilkinson equation) from a random deposition with surface relaxation (RDSR) model. First we introduce a novel procedure to divide the first transition moment into the three fundamental processes involved: deposition, diffusion and volume conservation. We show how the diffusion process is related to antisymmetric contribution and the volume conservation process is related to symmetric contribution, which renormalizes to zero in the coarse-grained limit. In another approach, we find the coefficients of the continuous Langevin equation, by regularizing the discrete Langevin equation. Finally, in a third approach, we derive these coefficients from the set of test functions supported by the stationary probability density function (SPDF) of the discrete model. The applicability of the used approaches to other discrete random deposition models with instantaneous relaxation to a neighboring site is discussed.Comment: 12 pages, 4 figure

The Renormalization Group Evolution of the CKM Matrix

We compute the renormalization of the complete CKM matrix in the MSbar scheme and perform a renormalization group analysis of the CKM parameters. The calculation is simplified by studying only the Higgs sector, which for the \beta-function of the CKM matrix is at one loop the same as in the full Standard Model. The renormalization group flow including QCD corrections can be computed analytically using the hierarchy of the CKM parameters and the large mass differences between the quarks. While the evolution of the Cabibbo angle is tiny V_{ub} and V_{cb} increase sizably. We compare our results with the ones in the full Standard Model.Comment: Latex, 31 pages, extensions amsmath, epsfig required The complete paper, including figures, is also available via anonymous ftp at ftp://ttpux2.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/, or via www at http://www-ttp.physik.uni-karlsruhe.de/cgi-bin/preprints

Reforming Nonprofit Corporation Law

Recent surveys indicate that perhaps as many as one-fifth of all of the corporations in the United States are nonprofit, and that this proportion is steadily growing. Nevertheless, the basic corporate law applicable to nonprofit organizations is at a remarkably immature state of development, and remains startingly uninformed by either principle or policy. Confusion continues to surround even the most fundamental issues, including the purposes for which nonprofit corporations may be formed, the distinction between nonprofit and cooperative corporations, and the appropriate limits on distributions from nonprofit corporations to individuals who are associated with them. This unsettled state of affairs is reflected clearly in the fact that there have been three major efforts to reform nonprofit corporation law in recent years, and that the resulting statutes-the Model Act, the New York act, and the California actall differ fundamentally in their most basic structural features

Generalized-ensemble Monte carlo method for systems with rough energy landscape

We present a novel Monte Carlo algorithm which enhances equilibrization of low-temperature simulations and allows sampling of configurations over a large range of energies. The method is based on a non-Boltzmann probability weight factor and is another version of the so-called generalized-ensemble techniques. The effectiveness of the new approach is demonstrated for the system of a small peptide, an example of the frustrated system with a rugged energy landscape.Comment: Latex; ps-files include

Structure of the Energy Landscape of Short Peptides

We have simulated, as a showcase, the pentapeptide Met-enkephalin (Tyr-Gly-Gly-Phe-Met) to visualize the energy landscape and investigate the conformational coverage by the multicanonical method. We have obtained a three-dimensional topographic picture of the whole energy landscape by plotting the histogram with respect to energy(temperature) and the order parameter, which gives the degree of resemblance of any created conformation with the global energy minimum (GEM).Comment: 17 pages, 4 figure

Expression of the insulin-like growth factor-II/mannose-6-phosphate receptor in multiple human tissues during fetal life and early infancy

The insulin like growth factor-II/mannose-6-phosphate (IGF-II/M6P) receptor has been detected in many cells and tissues. In the rat, there is a dramatic developmental regulation of IGF-II/M6P receptor expression, the receptor being high in fetal and neonatal tissues and declining thereafter. We have systematically studied the expression of the human IGF-II/M6P receptor protein in tissues from 10 human fetuses and infants (age 23 weeks gestation to 24 months postnatal). We have asked 1) whether there is differential expression among different organs, and 2) whether or not the human IGF-II/M6P receptor is developmentally regulated from 23 weeks gestation to 24 months postnatal. Protein was extracted from human tissues using a buffer containing 2% sodium dodecyl sulfate and 2% Triton X-100. Aliquots of the protein extracts were analyzed by sodium dodecyl sulfate- polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and immunoblotting using an anti-IGF- II/M6P receptor antiserum (no. 66416) and 125I-protein A or an immunoperoxidase stain. IGF-II/M6P receptor immunoreactivity was detected in all tissues studied with the highest amount of receptor being expressed in heart, thymus, and kidney and the lowest receptor content being measured in brain and muscle. The receptor content in ovary, testis, lung, and spleen was intermediate. The apparent molecular weight of the IGF-II/M6P receptor (220,000 kilos without reduction of disulfide bonds) varied among the different tissues: in brain the receptor was of lower molecular weight than in other organs. Immunoquantitation experiments employing 125I-protein A and protein extracts from human kidney at different ages revealed a small, albeit not significant, difference of the receptor content between fetal and postnatal tissues: as in other species, larger amounts of receptor seemed to be present in fetal than in postnatal organs. In addition, no significant difference of the receptor content between human fetal liver and early postnatal liver was measured employing 125I-protein A- immunoquantitation in three fetal and five postnatal liver tissue samples. The distribution of IGF-binding protein (IGEBP) species, another abundant and major class of IGF binding principles, was also measured in human fetal and early postnatal lung, liver, kidney, muscle, and brain using Western ligand blotting with 125I-IGF-II: as with IGF-II/M6P receptor immunoreactivity there was differential expression of the different classes of IGFBPs in the various organs