Asymmetries of the Stokes V profiles observed by HINODE SOT/SP in the quiet Sun

We present the first classification of SOT/SP circular polarization measurements with the aim of highlighting exhaustively the whole variety of Stokes V shapes emerging from the quiet Sun. k-means is used to classify HINODE SOT/SP Stokes V profiles observed in the quiet Sun network and internetwork (IN). We analyze a 302 x 162 square arcsec field-of-view (FOV) which can be considered a complete sample of quiet Sun measurements performed at at the disk center with 0.32 arcsec angular resolution and 0.001 polarimetric sensitivity. Such a classification allows us to divide the whole dataset in classes, with each class represented by a cluster profile, i.e., the average of the profiles in the class. The set of 35 cluster profiles derived from the analysis completely characterizes SOT/SP quiet Sun measurements. The separation between network and IN profile shapes is evident - classes in the network are not present in the IN, and vice versa. Asymmetric profiles are approximatively 93 % of the total number of profiles. Among these, approximatively 34 % of the profiles are strongly asymmetric profiles, and they can be divided in three families: blue-lobe, red-lobe, and Q-like profiles. The blue-lobe profiles tend to be associated with upflows (granules), whereas the red-lobe and Q-like ones appear in downflows (intergranular lanes). Such profiles need to be interpreted considering model atmospheres different from a uniformly magnetized Milne-Eddington (ME) atmosphere, i.e., characterized by gradients and/or discontinuities in the magnetic field and velocity along the line-of-sight (LOS).Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures, accepted for publication in Astronomy and Astrophysic

Enfermedades congénitas e identificación

X Congreso Nacional de Paleopatología. Univesidad Autónoma de Madrid, septiembre de 200

Optimizaciónde las variables tecnológicas en la producción de un probiótico para camarones

Aim: To optimize the technological variables engaged in the manufacture of a probiotic for shrimp. Methods: This research was based on experimental designs oriented to phenomenological mathematical modeling of the process to identify the main design variables. The product cost sheet was used to create the economic model that fits such variables. The objective-function was to minimize the unit cost of the product. Restrictions of design variables were established, and their optimal values were estimated through the use of multi-criteria computer optimizing tools. Results: The initial sucrose concentration produced in the culture medium was 132 g/L, at a shaking speed of 1.67 s-1, air flow equal to 0.025 L/L.h, and fermentation time 8.5 h, which minimized the unit cost of the product to 5.31 $/L of product. This value was quite below$ 31.50/L, which is the price of imported probiotic Epicin, used to breed shrimp larvae. Conclusions: The sale of this product produces a revenue of $478 483.20/year to the Center of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology of Camagüey, leading to savings of approximately$ 40 000 US yearly in savings for Yaguacam Basic Production Company, through import substitution. Additionally, its use has led to a reduction in antibiotic use, increased quality and quantity of post larvae, and an overall positive impact for the company.Objetivo: Optimizar las variables tecnológicas que inciden en el proceso de producción de un probiótico para camarones. Métodos: Se emplearon diseños experimentales orientados a la modelación matemática fenomenológica del proceso para identificar las variables de diseño fundamentales. Se utilizó la ficha de costo del producto para confeccionar el modelo económico en función de estas variables. Se definió como función objetivo minimizar el costo unitario del producto. Se establecieron las restricciones de las variables de diseño y se determinaron sus valores óptimos mediante el empleo de herramientas computacionales de optimización multicriterio. Resultados:Se obtuvo que una concentración inicial de sacarosa en el medio de cultivo igual a 132 g/L, una velocidad de agitación de 1,67 s-1, un flujo de aire igual a 0,025 L/L.h y un tiempo de fermentación de 8,5 h minimizan el costo unitario del producto hasta 5,31 $/L de producto, valor muy inferior a los 31,50$/L que es el precio del probiótico de importación Epicin que se emplea en la cría de larvas de camarones. Conclusiones: La venta del producto genera una ganancia neta de 478 483,20 $/año para el Centro de Ingeniería Genética y Biotecnología de Camagüey, un ahorro de cerca de 40 000 USD anuales a la Unidad Empresarial de Base Yaguacam por concepto de sustitución de importaciones y su uso ha permitido la disminución del empleo de antibióticos, el incremento de la calidad y cantidad de las postlarvas y un impacto económico positivo en la entidad. &nbsp

Paleopatología dental de siete cabezas egipcias momificadas del Museo de Antropología Forense de la Univ. Complutense de Madrid

X Congreso Nacional de Paleopatología. Univesidad Autónoma de Madrid, septiembre de 200

Vibrational quenching of CN− in collisions with He and Ar

The vibrational quenching cross sections and corresponding low-temperature rate constants for the ν = 1 and ν = 2 states of CN− ( 1Σ + ) colliding with He and Ar atoms have been computed ab initio using new three-dimensional potential energy surfaces. Little work has been carried out so far on low-energy vibrationally inelastic collisions for anions with neutral atoms. The cross sections and rates calculated at energies and temperatures relevant for both ion traps and astrochemical modeling are found by the present calculations to be even smaller than those of the similar C− 2 /He and C− 2 /Ar systems, which are in turn of the order of those existing for the collisions involving neutral diatom–atom systems. The implications of our finding in the present case mainly focus on the possible role of small computed rate constants in the dynamics of molecular cooling and the evolution of astrochemical modeling networks

Integrability in Theories with Local U(1) Gauge Symmetry

Using a recently developed method, based on a generalization of the zero curvature representation of Zakharov and Shabat, we study the integrability structure in the Abelian Higgs model. It is shown that the model contains integrable sectors, where integrability is understood as the existence of infinitely many conserved currents. In particular, a gauge invariant description of the weak and strong integrable sectors is provided. The pertinent integrability conditions are given by a U(1) generalization of the standard strong and weak constraints for models with two dimensional target space. The Bogomolny sector is discussed, as well, and we find that each Bogomolny configuration supports infinitely many conserved currents. Finally, other models with U(1) gauge symmetry are investigated.Comment: corrected typos, version accepted in J. Phys.